Editing Ice (section)

=== On surfaces ===
As water drips and re-freezes, it can form hanging [[icicle]]s, or [[stalagmite]]-like structures on the ground.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Makkonen |first=Lase |title=Models for the growth of rime, glaze, icicles and wet snow deposits on structures |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A |date=15 November 2000 |volume=358 |issue=1776 |pages=2913–2939 |doi=10.1098/rsta.2000.0690 }}</ref> On sloped roofs, buildup of ice can produce an [[Ice dam (roof)|ice dam]], which stops melt water from draining properly and potentially leads to damaging leaks.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dealing with and preventing ice dams |url=https://extension.umn.edu/protecting-home-rain-and-ice/dealing-and-preventing-ice-dams |publisher=[[University of Minnesota]] Extension |access-date=10 April 2024 }}</ref> More generally, [[water vapor]] depositing onto surfaces due to high [[relative humidity]] and then freezing results in various forms of [[atmospheric icing]], or [[frost]]. Inside buildings, this can be seen as ice on the surface of un-insulated windows.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_causes_frost.htm |title=What causes frost? |access-date=2007-12-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210230539/http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_causes_frost.htm |archive-date=2007-12-10 }}</ref> Hoar frost is common in the environment, particularly in the low-lying areas such as [[valley]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/wxfacts/Frost-hollow.htm|title=Weather Facts: Frost hollow – Weather UK – weatheronline.co.uk|work=weatheronline.co.uk|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130212022607/http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/wxfacts/Frost-hollow.htm|archive-date=2013-02-12}}</ref> In Antarctica, the temperatures can be so low that [[electrostatic attraction]] is increased to the point hoarfrost on snow sticks together when blown by wind into [[tumbleweed]]-like balls known as [[yukimarimo]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kameda|first1=T.|last2=Yoshimi|first2=H.|last3=Azuma|first3=N.|last4=Motoyama|first4=H.|date=1999|title=Observation of "yukimarimo" on the snow surface of the inland plateau, Antarctic ice sheet|journal=Journal of Glaciology|language=en|volume=45|issue=150|pages=394–396|doi=10.1017/S0022143000001891|bibcode=1999JGlac..45..394K|issn=0022-1430|doi-access=free}}</ref> 

Sometimes, drops of water crystallize on cold objects as [[Rime ice|rime]] instead of glaze. Soft rime has a density between a quarter and two thirds that of pure ice,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Podolskiy |first1=Evgeny Andreevich |last2=Nygaard |first2=Bjørn Egil Kringlebotn |last3=Nishimura |first3=Kouichi |last4=Makkonen |first4=Lasse |last5=Lozowski |first5=Edward Peter |title=Study of unusual atmospheric icing at Mount Zao, Japan, using the Weather Research and Forecasting model |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 June 2012 |volume=112 |issue=D2 |doi=10.1029/2011JD017042 |bibcode=2012JGRD..11712106P }}</ref> due to a high proportion of trapped air, which also makes soft rime appear white. Hard rime is denser, more transparent, and more likely to appear on ships and aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web |title=hard rime (Glossary of Meteorology) |url=https://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hard_rime |date=30 March 2024 |publisher=American Meteorological Society |language=en-US |access-date=11 April 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=soft rime (Glossary of Meteorology) |url=https://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Soft_rime |date=30 March 2024 |publisher=American Meteorological Society |language=en-US |access-date=11 April 2024 }}</ref> Cold wind specifically causes what is known as ''advection frost'' when it collides with objects. When it occurs on plants, it often causes damage to them.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Beerling |first1=D. J. |last2=Terry |first2=A. C. |last3=Mitchell |first3=P. L. |last4=Callaghan |first4=T. V. |last5=Gwynn-Jones |first5=D. |last6=Lee |first6=J. A. |date=April 2001 |title=Time to chill: effects of simulated global change on leaf ice nucleation temperatures of subarctic vegetation |url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.2307/2657062 |journal=American Journal of Botany |language=en |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=628–633 |doi=10.2307/2657062|jstor=2657062 |pmid=11302848 }}</ref> Various methods exist to protect agricultural crops from frost - from simply covering them to using wind machines.<ref name="Pan2023" /><ref>{{cite web |date=June 2010 |title=Wind machines for minimizing cold injury to horticultural crops |url=https://www.ontario.ca/page/wind-machines-minimizing-cold-injury-horticultural-crops |publisher=Ontario state government |access-date=30 May 2024 }}</ref> In recent decades, [[irrigation sprinkler]]s have been calibrated to spray just enough water to preemptively create a layer of ice that would form slowly and so avoid a sudden temperature shock to the plant, and not be so thick as to cause damage with its weight.<ref name="Pan2023">{{cite journal |last1=Pan |first1=Qingmin |last2=Lu |first2=Yongzong |last3=Hu |first3=Huijie |last4=Hu |first4=Yongguang |title=Review and research prospects on sprinkler irrigation frost protection for horticultural crops |journal=Scientia Horticulture |date=15 December 2023 |volume=326 |doi=10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112775 }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
File:Saint-Amant_16_Gelée_blanche_2008.jpg|Grass partially covered in hoarfrost, 2008
File:Dülmen, Hausdülmen, Distel -- 2021 -- 5079.jpg|Frost on a thistle in [[Dülmen|Hausdülmen]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], Germany
File:Frostweb.jpg|A [[spiderweb]] covered in frost
File:Icy Japanese Maple branch, Boxborough, Massachusetts, 2008.jpg|Ice on [[deciduous tree]] after freezing rain
File:Ice on stairway, 1968 (32085554416).jpg|Icicles on a [[stairway]] in [[Seattle]], 1968
File:WindowFrostNewmarketOntario1986.jpg|Fern frost on a window
File:HoarFrost.jpg|Hoar frost atop snow
File:Yukimarimo south pole dawn 2009.jpg|Yukimarimo at [[South Pole Station]], Antarctica, in 2008
</gallery>