Editing ISO 9660 (section)

=== Joliet ===

''Joliet'' is an extension specified and endorsed by [[Microsoft]] and has been supported by all versions of its [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] [[operating system]] since [[Windows 95]]<ref name="mskb125630">{{cite web | title = Joliet Specification for CD-ROM | id = MSKB 125630 | work = Microsoft Knowledge Base | publisher = Microsoft | date = 2005-07-11 | url = http://support.microsoft.com/kb/125630 | access-date = 2012-05-29 }}</ref> and [[Windows NT 4.0]].<ref>{{cite web|title = Windows NT Support For Long File Names Under CDFS File System | id = MSKB 142372 | work = Microsoft Knowledge Base | publisher = Microsoft | date = 1 November 2006 | url = http://support.microsoft.com/kb/142372 | access-date = 2012-05-29 }}</ref> Its primary focus is the relaxation of the filename restrictions inherent with full ISO 9660 compliance. Joliet accomplishes this by supplying an additional set of filenames that are encoded in [[UCS-2]]BE ([[UTF-16]]BE in practice since Windows 2000). These filenames are stored in a special supplementary volume descriptor, that is safely ignored by ISO 9660-compliant software, thus preserving backward compatibility.<ref name="mskb125630"/> The specification only allows filenames to be up to 64 [[Unicode]] characters in length. However, the documentation for [[mkisofs]] states filenames up to 103 characters in length do not appear to cause problems.<ref name=mkisofs>{{man|8|mkisofs|FreeBSD}}</ref> Microsoft has documented it "can use up to 110 characters."<ref>{{cite web | title = 5 Appendix A: Product Behavior | url = http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff469400.aspx | access-date = 13 April 2014 }}</ref> The difference lies in whether CDXA extension space is used.<ref name=mkisofs/>

Joliet allows Unicode characters to be used for all text fields, which includes file names and the volume name. A "Secondary" volume descriptor with type 2 contains the same information as the Primary one (sector 16 offset 40 bytes), but in [[UCS-2|UCS-2BE]] in sector 17, offset 40 bytes. As a result of this, the volume name is limited to 16 characters.

Many current PC operating systems are able to read Joliet-formatted media, thus allowing exchange of files between those operating systems even if non-Roman characters are involved (such as Arabic, Japanese or Cyrillic), which was formerly not possible with plain ISO 9660-formatted media. Operating systems which can read Joliet media include:

* [[Microsoft Windows]];<ref name="mskb125630"/> Microsoft recommends the use of the Joliet extension for developers targeting Windows.<ref name="mskb125630"/>
* [[Linux]]<ref>{{cite web|title = Is Microsoft's Joliet filesystem supported? | work = The Linux CD-ROM HOWTO | version = Revision 1.17 | date = 18 July 2001 | author = Jeff Tranter | url = https://tldp.org/HOWTO/CDROM-HOWTO/x1186.html#AEN1328 | access-date = 2012-05-29 }}</ref>
* [[macOS]]<ref>{{cite web | title = hdiutil(1) | work = BSD General Commands Manual | publisher = Apple | date = 18 March 2011 | version = Mac OS X Version 10.7.4 | url = https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man1/hdiutil.1.html | access-date = 2012-05-29 }}</ref>
* [[FreeBSD]]<ref>{{cite web | title = FreeBSD 3.2 Release Notes | publisher = The FreeBSD Project | url = http://www.freebsd.org/releases/3.2R/notes.html | access-date = 29 May 2012 }}</ref>
* [[OpenSolaris]]<ref>{{cite web | title = hsfs - High Sierra & ISO 9660 CD-ROM file system | work = OpenSolaris Man Page Set | date = 1 November 2006 | version = SunOS 5.11 / OpenSolaris 2009.06 | url = http://www.unix.com/man-page/OpenSolaris/7fs/hsfs/ | access-date = 2012-05-29 }}</ref>
* [[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]]<ref>{{cite web | title = Haiku Source Tree, src/add-ons/kernel/file_systems/iso9660/iso9660.cpp | url = http://cgit.haiku-os.org/haiku/tree/src/add-ons/kernel/file_systems/iso9660/iso9660.cpp }}</ref>
* [[AmigaOS]]
* [[RISC OS]]<ref>{{cite web | title = Add support for Joliet format CD-ROMs hdr/Hashes s/Directory s/EntryFile s/FileMan s/Filer s/Free (999bdda6) · Commits · RiscOS / Sources / FileSys / CDFS / CDFS | date = 15 August 2013| url = https://gitlab.riscosopen.org/RiscOS/Sources/FileSys/CDFS/CDFS/-/commit/999bdda6c38c3fa78ff7e58bd1752c1052f8c247}}</ref>