Editing Hypnosis (section)

==== Pain management ====
A number of studies show that hypnosis can reduce the pain experienced during burn-wound [[debridement]],<ref name="Patterson">{{cite journal | vauthors = Patterson DR, Questad KA, de Lateur BJ | title = Hypnotherapy as an adjunct to narcotic analgesia for the treatment of pain for burn debridement | journal = The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis | volume = 31 | issue = 3 | pages = 156–63 | date = January 1989 | pmid = 2563925 | doi = 10.1080/00029157.1989.10402884}}</ref> bone marrow aspirations, and [[childbirth]].<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.papelesdelpsicologo.es/english/1699.pdf | vauthors = Mendoza ME, Capafons A |year=2009 |title=Efficacy of clinical hypnosis: A summary of its empirical evidence |journal=Papeles del Psicólogo |volume=30 |pages=98–116 |issue=2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130108013040/http://www.papelesdelpsicologo.es/english/1699.pdf |archive-date=8 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="Ewin">{{cite journal |url=http://bscw.rediris.es/pub/bscw.cgi/d4523306/Ewin-Use_hypnosis_treatment_burn_patients.pdf |title=The use of hypnosis in the treatment of burn patients |journal=International Handbook of Clinical Hypnosis |vauthors=Ewin DM |year=2001 |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=274–83 |pmid=1289964 |access-date=16 June 2013 |archive-date=5 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120705212147/http://bscw.rediris.es/pub/bscw.cgi/d4523306/Ewin-Use_hypnosis_treatment_burn_patients.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> The ''International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis'' found that hypnosis relieved the pain of 75% of 933 subjects participating in 27 different experiments.<ref name="Nash">Nash, Michael R. "[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-truth-and-the-hype-of-2001-07 The Truth and the Hype of Hypnosis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101104111/http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-truth-and-the-hype-of-2001-07 |date=1 November 2013 }}". [[Scientific American]]: July 2001</ref>

Hypnosis is effective in decreasing the fear of [[Treatment of cancer|cancer treatment]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180619122514.htm|title=Hypnosis may help reduce fear of cancer treatment in children: Hypnosis could help to reduce the fear of medical procedures in children and young people with cancer.|work=ScienceDaily|access-date=22 June 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417183052/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180619122514.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> reducing pain from<ref name="Butler">{{cite journal | vauthors = Butler B | title = The use of hypnosis in the care of the cancer patient | journal = Cancer | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–14 | date = January 1954 | pmid = 13126897 | doi = 10.1002/1097-0142(195401)7:1<1::AID-CNCR2820070103>3.0.CO;2-0 | doi-access = free}}</ref> and coping with cancer<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bscw.rediris.es/pub/bscw.cgi/d4431493/Peynovska-Efficacy_hypnotherapy_supplement_therapy_cancer.pdf |vauthors=Peynovska R, Fisher J, Oliver D, Matthew VM |year=2003 |title=Efficacy of hypnotherapy as a supplement therapy in cancer intervention |work=Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of The Royal College of Psychiatrists, 30 June – 3 July 2003 |access-date=5 May 2013 |archive-date=6 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120706012254/http://bscw.rediris.es/pub/bscw.cgi/d4431493/Peynovska-Efficacy_hypnotherapy_supplement_therapy_cancer.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> and other chronic conditions.<ref name="Nash"/> Nausea and other symptoms related to incurable diseases may also be managed with hypnosis.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Spiegel D, Moore R | title = Imagery and hypnosis in the treatment of cancer patients | journal = Oncology | volume = 11 | issue = 8 | pages = 1179–89; discussion 1189–95 | date = August 1997 | pmid = 9268979}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mascott C | title = Hypnotherapy. A complementary therapy with broad applications | journal = Diabetes Self-Management | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 15–18 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15586907}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kwekkeboom KL, Gretarsdottir E | title = Systematic review of relaxation interventions for pain | journal = Journal of Nursing Scholarship | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | pages = 269–77 | year = 2006 | pmid = 17044345 | doi = 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2006.00113.x}}</ref> Some practitioners have claimed hypnosis might help boost the immune system of people with cancer. However, according to the [[American Cancer Society]], "available scientific evidence does not support the idea that hypnosis can influence the development or progression of cancer."<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/complementaryandalternativemedicine/mindbodyandspirit/hypnosis
|title=Hypnosis
|date=November 2008
|publisher=[[American Cancer Society]]
|access-date=22 September 2013
|archive-date=31 July 2014
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140731144004/http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/complementaryandalternativemedicine/mindbodyandspirit/hypnosis
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

Hypnosis has been used as a pain relieving technique during [[dental surgery]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WKYQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=N5UDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3232,32552|title=The Age - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|access-date=11 July 2022|archive-date=13 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220613145427/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WKYQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=N5UDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3232%2C32552|url-status=live}}</ref> and related pain management regimens as well. Researchers like Jerjes and his team have reported that hypnosis can help even those patients who have acute to severe orodental pain.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jerjes W, Hopper C, Kumar M, Upile T, Madland G, Newman S, Feinmann C | title = Psychological intervention in acute dental pain: review | journal = British Dental Journal | volume = 202 | issue = 6 | pages = 337–43 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17384613 | doi = 10.1038/bdj.2007.227 | doi-access = free}}</ref> Additionally, Meyerson and Uziel have suggested that hypnotic methods have been found to be highly fruitful for alleviating anxiety in patients with severe dental phobia.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Meyerson J, Uziel N | title = Application of hypno-dissociative strategies during dental treatment of patients with severe dental phobia | journal = The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis | volume = 62 | issue = 2 | pages = 179–87 | pmid = 24568324 | doi = 10.1080/00207144.2014.869129 | year = 2014 | s2cid = 22065303}}</ref>

For some psychologists who uphold the altered state theory of hypnosis, pain relief in response to hypnosis is said to be the result of the brain's [[Dual process theory|dual-processing]] functionality. This effect is obtained either through the process of selective attention or dissociation, in which both theories involve the presence of activity in pain receptive regions of the brain, and a difference in the processing of the stimuli by the hypnotised subject.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Myers |first1=David G. |title=Psychology: Tenth Edition in Modules |date=2014 |publisher=Worth Publishers |pages=112–13 |edition=10th}}</ref>

The American Psychological Association published a study comparing the effects of hypnosis, ordinary suggestion, and placebo in reducing pain. The study found that highly suggestible individuals experienced a greater reduction in pain from hypnosis compared with placebo, whereas less suggestible subjects experienced no pain reduction from hypnosis when compared with placebo. Ordinary non-hypnotic suggestion also caused reduction in pain compared to placebo, but was able to reduce pain in a wider range of subjects (both high and low suggestible) than hypnosis. The results showed that it is primarily the subject's responsiveness to suggestion, whether within the context of hypnosis or not, that is the main determinant of causing reduction in pain.<ref>"Hypnosis, suggestion, and placebo in the reduction of experimental pain" [http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Psychology-and-mental-health/Hypnosis-suggestion-and-placebo-in-the-reduction-of-experimental-pain.html faqs.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091216090017/http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Psychology-and-mental-health/Hypnosis-suggestion-and-placebo-in-the-reduction-of-experimental-pain.html |date=16 December 2009 }}</ref>