Editing Humphrey Bogart (section)

=== Bogie and Bacall ===

==== ''To Have and Have Not'' ====
[[File:To-Have-and-Have-Not-LIFE-1.jpg|thumb|right|upright|With Lauren Bacall and [[Marcel Dalio]] in ''To Have and Have Not'' (1944)]]
[[File:Bogart and Bacall The Big Sleep.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Bogart and Bacall in ''The Big Sleep'' (1946)]]

[[Howard Hawks]] introduced Bogart and Lauren Bacall while Bogart was filming ''[[Passage to Marseille]]'' (1944).<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Barnes|first1=Mike|last2=Byrge|first2=Duane|date=August 12, 2014|title=Lauren Bacall, Hollywood's Icon of Cool, Dies at 89|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/lauren-bacall-dead-hollywood-icon-719699|access-date=May 1, 2021|website=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en}}</ref> The three subsequently collaborated on ''[[To Have and Have Not (film)|To Have and Have Not]]'' (1944), a loose adaptation of the [[Ernest Hemingway]] novel, and Bacall's film debut. It has several similarities to ''Casablanca'': the same kind of hero and enemies, and a piano player (portrayed this time by [[Hoagy Carmichael]]) as a supporting character.<ref>{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1944/10/12/archives/to-have-and-have-not-with-humphrey-bogart-at-the-hollywood-arrival.html|title=''To Have and Have Not,'' With Humphrey Bogart, at the Hollywood – Arrival of Other New Films at Theatres Here|work=The New York Times|date=October 12, 1944|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> When they met, Bacall was 19 and Bogart 44; he nicknamed her "Baby". A model since age 16, she had appeared in two failed plays. Bogart was attracted by Bacall's high cheekbones, green eyes, tawny blond hair, lean body, maturity, poise and earthy, outspoken honesty;<ref name=Meyers_p166>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=166.}}</ref> he reportedly said, "I just saw your test. We'll have a lot of fun together".<ref name=Meyers_p165>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=165.}}</ref>

Their emotional bond was strong from the start, their difference in age and acting-experience encouraged a mentor-student dynamic. In contrast to the Hollywood norm, their affair was Bogart's first with a leading lady.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 258.</ref> His early meetings with Bacall were discreet and brief, their separations bridged by love letters.<ref name=Meyers_p166-167>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=166–167.}}</ref> The relationship made it easier for Bacall to make her first film, and Bogart did his best to put her at ease with jokes and quiet coaching.<ref name="Bacall">Bacall, Lauren. ''By Myself and Then Some'', HarperCollins, New York, 2005. {{ISBN|0-06-075535-0}}</ref> He encouraged her to steal scenes; [[Howard Hawks]] also did his best to highlight her role, and found Bogart easy to direct.<ref name=Meyers_p173-174>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=173–174.}}</ref>

However, Hawks began to disapprove of the relationship.<ref name="Bacall" /> He considered himself Bacall's protector and mentor, and Bogart was usurping that role. Not usually drawn to his starlets, the married director also fell for Bacall; he told her that she meant nothing to Bogart and threatened to send her to the poverty-row studio [[Monogram Pictures]]. Bogart calmed her down, and then went after Hawks; Jack Warner settled the dispute, and filming resumed.<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, pp. 263–264.</ref> Hawks said about Bacall, "Bogie fell in love with the character she played, so she had to keep playing it the rest of her life."<ref name=Meyers_p168>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=168.}}</ref> However, Bacall wrote in her memoir about the love she and Bogart shared, "No one has ever written a romance better than we lived it." and she said regarding Bogart's personality, "He was a very gentle soul. He was very strong, and very sure about what he believed in and what he thought was important and not important. He couldn't be pushed around. But he was a gentle man. I was very, very lucky to have even met him, much less have been married to him. He had extraordinary gifts. He was much more of a complete individual than most people are. He had the kind of standards my mother had. Their values were very much the same. It was very interesting. He had tremendous character and a great sense of honor and would not tolerate lies, even if they asked him what he thought of a movie."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-14 |title=One Hell of a Dame: Remembering Lauren Bacall |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/one-hell-of-a-dame-rememb_b_5676295 |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}</ref>

==== ''The Big Sleep'' ====

Months after wrapping ''To Have and Have Not'', Bogart and Bacall were reunited for an encore: the film noir ''[[The Big Sleep (1946 film)|The Big Sleep]]'' (1946), based on the novel by [[Raymond Chandler]] with script help from [[William Faulkner]]. Chandler admired the actor's performance: "Bogart can be tough without a gun. Also, he has a sense of humor that contains that grating undertone of contempt."<ref>Sperber and Lax 1997, p. 289.</ref> Although the film was completed and scheduled for release in 1945, it was withdrawn and re-edited to add scenes exploiting Bogart and Bacall's box-office chemistry in ''To Have and Have Not'' and the publicity surrounding their offscreen relationship. At the insistence of director Howard Hawks, production partner [[Charles K. Feldman]] agreed to a rewrite of Bacall's scenes to heighten the "insolent" quality which had intrigued critics such as [[James Agee]] and audiences of the earlier film, and a memo was sent to studio head Jack Warner.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schatz|first=Thomas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwf5SUcfousC&pg=PA217|title=Boom and Bust: American Cinema in the 1940s|date=November 23, 1999|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-22130-7|language=en}}</ref>

The dialogue, especially in the added scenes supplied by Hawks, was full of sexual [[innuendo]]. The film was successful, although some critics found its plot confusing and overly complicated.<ref name=Meyers_p180>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=180.}}</ref> According to Chandler, Hawks and Bogart argued about who killed the chauffeur; when Chandler received an inquiry by telegram, he could not provide an answer.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Hiney|editor1-first=T.|editor2-last=MacShane|editor2-first=F.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=imQoKJKgYoQC&pg=PT103|title=The Raymond Chandler Papers|publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press|year=2000|page=103|isbn=978-0-8021-9433-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=McCrum|first=Robert|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/nov/24/100-best-novels-the-big-sleep-raymond-chandler|title=The 100 best novels: No 62 – The Big Sleep by Raymond Chandler (1939)|work=The Guardian|date=November 24, 2014|access-date=December 4, 2019}}</ref>

==== Marriage to Bacall ====
[[File:Bogart Bacall wedding 1945.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Bogart and Bacall's wedding in 1945]]
Bogart filed for divorce from Methot in February 1945. He and Bacall married in a small ceremony at the country home of Bogart's close friend, [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning author [[Louis Bromfield]],<ref name="Bacall" /> at [[Malabar Farm]] (near [[Lucas, Ohio]]) on May 21, 1945.<ref name="shickelbook" /> They moved into a $160,000 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|1=US|2=160000|3=1945|r=-4}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}}) white brick mansion in an exclusive neighborhood of Los Angeles' [[Holmby Hills]].<ref name=Meyers_p185>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|p=185.}}</ref> At the time of the [[1950 United States census]], the couple was living at 2707 Benedict Canyon Drive in Beverly Hills with their son and nursemaid. Bacall is listed as Betty Bogart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://1950census.archives.gov/search/?county=Los+Angeles&ed=66-682&page=1|title=Search &#124; 1950 Census|website=1950census.archives.gov}}</ref> The marriage was a mostly happy one but not without its troubles. Bogart's drinking was sometimes problematic and he initially wasn't happy about having his first child, fearing that it would create distance between himself and Bacall. He was a homebody, and Bacall liked the nightlife; he loved the sea, and it made her [[Motion sickness|seasick]].<ref name="Bacall" /> However, Bogart and Bacall never stopped loving each other, a fact Bacall mentions throughout her memoir ''By Myself''.<ref>''By Myself'', Lauren Bacall, 1978</ref> In a 1997 ''[[Parade (magazine)|Parade]]'' magazine cover story, she told reporter Dotson Rader that Bogart said "'If you want a career more than anything, I will do everything I can to help you, and I will send you on your way, but I will not marry you. I've been through it, and I know it doesn't work.' He was right. He loved me and wanted me with him. I made the deal, and I stuck to it, and I'm damn glad that I did."<ref>[https://parade.com/327347/dotsonrader/parade-flashback-lauren-bacall-on-marriage-luck-and-the-choices-she-made/ Parade Flashback: Lauren Bacall on Marriage, Luck, and the Choices She Made]</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.womansworld.com/posts/entertainment/bogart-and-bacall-love-story-169613 | title=The Love Story of Bogart and Bacall | date=February 14, 2019 }}</ref><ref name=Meyers_p188-191>{{Harvnb|Meyers|1997|pp=188–191.}}</ref>

Bogart bought the ''Santana'', a {{convert|55|ft|m|adj=on}} sailing yacht, from actor [[Dick Powell]] in 1945. He found the sea a sanctuary<ref>Interview with John Huston.</ref> and spent about thirty weekends a year on the water, with a particular fondness for sailing around [[Santa Catalina Island (California)|Catalina Island]]: "An actor needs something to stabilize his personality, something to nail down what he really is, not what he is currently pretending to be."<ref>{{cite book|last=Bogart |first=Stephen Humphrey |title=Bogart: In Search of My Father |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IS1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PT19 |access-date=January 1, 2016 |date=December 5, 2012 |publisher=Untreed Reads |isbn=978-1-61187-495-2 |page=19}}</ref> Bogart joined the [[United States Coast Guard Reserve|Coast Guard Temporary Reserve]] (a forerunner of the modern Coast Guard Auxiliary), offering the Coast Guard use of the ''Santana''.<ref>[http://www.uscg.mil/history/faqs/humphreybogart.asp "Humphrey DeForest Bogart".] ''Coast Guard History'', November 17, 2014. Retrieved: July 31, 2015.</ref> He reportedly attempted to enlist, but was turned down due to his age.<ref>[http://www.militaryhub.com/military-people?id=17 "More than Military: Humphrey Bogart, Actor."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414085100/http://www.militaryhub.com/military-people?id=17 |date=April 14, 2015 }} ''MilitaryHub.com''. Retrieved: July 31, 2015.</ref>

==== ''Dark Passage'' and ''Key Largo'' ====
[[File:Bacall and Bogart Dark Passage.jpg|thumb|upright|right|In ''Dark Passage'' (1947)]]
The suspenseful ''[[Dark Passage (film)|Dark Passage]]'' (1947) was Bogart and Bacall's next collaboration.<ref name="Bacall" /> Vincent Parry (Bogart) is intent on finding the real murderer for a crime of which he was convicted and sentenced to prison.<ref>{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/09/06/archives/dark-passage-warner-thriller-in-which-humphrey-bogart-and-lauren.html|title=''Dark Passage,'' Warner Thriller, in Which Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall Are Chief Attractions, Opens at Strand|work=The New York Times|date=September 6, 1947|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> According to Bogart's biographer, Stefan Kanfer, it was "a production line film noir with no particular distinction".<ref>Kanfer, p. 119</ref>

Bogart and Bacall's last pairing in a film was in ''[[Key Largo (film)|Key Largo]]'' (1948). Directed by John Huston, [[Edward G. Robinson]] was billed second (behind Bogart) as gangster Johnny Rocco: a seething, older synthesis of many of his early bad-guy roles. The billing question was hard-fought and at the end of at least one of the trailers, Robinson is listed above Bogart in a list of the actors' names in the last frame; and in the film itself, Robinson's name, appearing between Bogart's and Bacall's, is pictured slightly higher onscreen than the other two. Robinson had top billing over Bogart in their four previous films together: ''[[Bullets or Ballots]]'' (1936), ''[[Kid Galahad (1937 film)|Kid Galahad]]'' (1937), ''[[The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse]]'' (1938) and ''[[Brother Orchid]]'' (1940). In some posters for ''Key Largo'', Robinson's picture is substantially larger than Bogart's, and in the foreground manhandling Bacall while Bogart is in the background. The characters are trapped during a hurricane in a hotel owned by Bacall's father-in-law, portrayed by [[Lionel Barrymore]]. [[Claire Trevor]] won an [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress]] for her performance as Rocco's physically abused, alcoholic girlfriend.