Editing Hope (section)

== In mythology ==
[[Elpis (mythology)|Elpis]] (Hope) appears in ancient [[Greek mythology]] with the story of [[Zeus]] and [[Prometheus]]. Prometheus stole fire from the god Zeus, which infuriated the supreme god. In turn, Zeus created a box that contained all manners of evil, unbeknownst to the receiver of the box. [[Pandora]] opened the box after being warned not to, and unleashed a multitude of harmful spirits that inflicted plagues, diseases, and illnesses on mankind. Spirits of greed, envy, hatred, mistrust, sorrow, anger, revenge, lust, and despair scattered far and wide looking for humans to torment. Inside the box, however, there was also an unreleased healing spirit named Hope. From ancient times, people have recognized that a spirit of hope had the power to heal afflictions and helps them bear times of great suffering, illnesses, disasters, loss, and pain caused by the malevolent spirits and events.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Magaletta, Philip R., & Oliver, J.M |date=April 1999|title=The Hope Construct, Will, and Ways: Their Relations with Self-Efficacy, Optimism, and General Well-Being|doi=10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199905)55:5<539::AID-JCLP2>3.0.CO;2-G|volume=55|issue=5|journal=Journal of Clinical Psychology|pages=539–551|pmid=10392785|doi-access=free}}</ref> In [[Hesiod]]'s ''[[Works and Days]]'', the [[personification]] of hope is named [[Elpis (mythology)|Elpis]].
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[[Norse mythology]] however considered Hope (''Vön'') to be the slobber dripping from the mouth of [[Fenris Wolf]]:<ref>Tom Shippey, ''J. R. R. Tolkien'' (2001) p. 153</ref> their concept of courage rated most highly a cheerful bravery in the ''absence'' of hope.<ref>Tom Shippey, ''The Road to Middle-Earth'' (1992) p. 140–3</ref>