Editing Helsinki (section)

===Functionalism and modern architecture===
[[File:Aleksanterinkatu - January 2018.jpg|thumb|right|[[Aleksanterinkatu]] at Christmas time]]
[[File:Oodi July 2019 2.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Helsinki Central Library Oodi|Oodi]] library is getting attention around the world.<ref name="36h"/>]]
Helsinki also features several buildings by Finnish architect [[Alvar Aalto]],<ref name="36h">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/08/08/travel/things-to-do-helsinki.html|title=36 Hours in Helsinki|first=Ingrid K.|last=Williams|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=8 August 2024|access-date=12 August 2024}}</ref> recognized as one of the pioneers of architectural [[functionalism (architecture)|functionalism]]. However, some of his works, such as the headquarters of the paper company [[Stora Enso]] and the concert venue [[Finlandia Hall]], have been subject to divided opinions from the citizens.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 February 2007 |title=Stora Enson pääkonttori, Kanavaranta 1 |url=http://helsinginaallot.blogspot.com/2007/02/stora-enson-pkonttori-kanavaranta-1.html |access-date=5 February 2011 |website="Helsingin Aallot" blog |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=14 June 2008 |title=Kohtaako Enson konttori voittajansa? |language=fi |at=Lead editorial |work=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |url=http://www.hs.fi/paakirjoitus/artikkeli/Kohtaako+Enson+konttori+voittajansa/HS20080614SI1MA01re3 |access-date=5 February 2011 |archive-date=19 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111119164352/http://www.hs.fi/paakirjoitus/artikkeli/Kohtaako+Enson+konttori+voittajansa/HS20080614SI1MA01re3 }}</ref><ref name="penttilä">{{cite web |last=Penttilä |first=Vappu |title=Kiasma nousi inhokkien ykköseksi |url=http://www2.hs.fi/extrat/kulttuuri/rakennukset/rakennukset_c2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629165346/http://www2.hs.fi/extrat/kulttuuri/rakennukset/rakennukset_c2.html |archive-date=29 June 2011 |access-date=5 February 2011 |website=Verkkoliite |publisher=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |language=fi}}</ref>

Functionalist buildings in Helsinki by other architects include the [[Helsinki Olympic Stadium|Olympic Stadium]], the [[Tennispalatsi|Tennis Palace]], the [[Töölö Rowing Stadium|Rowing Stadium]], the [[Helsinki Swimming Stadium|Swimming Stadium]], the [[Helsinki Velodrome|Velodrome]], the [[Lasipalatsi|Glass Palace]], the [[Töölö Sports Hall]], and [[Helsinki-Malmi Airport]]. The sports venues were built to serve the 1940 Helsinki Olympic Games; the games were initially cancelled due to the [[Second World War]], but the venues fulfilled their purpose in the [[1952 Summer Olympics|1952 Olympic Games]]. Many of them are listed by [[DoCoMoMo]] as significant examples of modern architecture. [[Helsinki Olympic Stadium|The Olympic Stadium]] and [[Helsinki-Malmi Airport]] are also catalogued by the [[Finnish National Board of Antiquities|Finnish Heritage Agency]] as cultural-historical environments of national significance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2009 |title=Olympiarakennukset |trans-title=Olympic Buildings |url=http://www.rky.fi/read/asp/r_kohde_det.aspx?KOHDE_ID=1575 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Finnish Heritage Agency List of Nationally Significant Built Cultural Environments (RKY)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2009 |title=Malmin Lentoasema |trans-title=Malmi Airport |url=http://www.rky.fi/read/asp/r_kohde_det.aspx?KOHDE_ID=1560 |access-date=26 June 2022 |website=Finnish Heritage Agency List of Nationally Significant Built Cultural Environments (RKY)}}</ref>

[[File:Kalasatama in Sörnäinen, Helsinki, Finland, 2023 September – 06.jpg|thumb|Residential towers of [[Kalasatama]]. The {{convert|134|m|adj=on|abbr=on}} [[Majakka]] has been built on top of the [[Redi (shopping centre)|Redi shopping centre]]. It is currently [[List of tallest buildings in Finland|Finland's tallest building]].]]

When Finland became heavily urbanized in the 1960s and 1970s, the district of [[Pihlajamäki]], for example, was built in Helsinki for new residents, where for the first time in Finland, [[precast concrete]] was used on a large scale. [[Pikku Huopalahti]], built in the 1980s and 1990s, has tried to get rid of a one-size-fits-all grid pattern, which means that its look is very organic and its streets are not repeated in the same way. [[Itäkeskus]] in [[Eastern Helsinki]] was the first regional center in the 1980s.<ref name="ilonen">Ilonen, Arvi: Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen, Vantaa – arkkitehtuuriopas. Helsinki: Otava, 2009. {{ISBN|978-951-1-23193-6}}.</ref> Efforts have also been made to protect Helsinki in the late 20th century, and many old buildings have been renovated.<ref name="ilonen"/> [[Modern architecture]] is represented, for example, by the Museum of Contemporary Art [[Kiasma]],<ref name="36h"/> which consists of two straight and curved-walled parts, though this style strongly divided the opinions from the citizens.<ref name="penttilä"/> Next to Kiasma is the glass-walled [[Sanomatalo]] (1999).

There have been many plans to build highrise buildings in Helsinki since the 1920s when architect Eliel Saarinen proposed the 85-meter-tall Kalevalatalo in 1921, but few tall buildings were built until the 21st century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Saarinen |first=Eliel |url=https://finna.fi/Record/mfa.5b0e8ef5-cd5f-4ced-90a0-0967a0fdb74a?lng=en-gb |title=Kalevalatalo, Munkkiniemi, Helsinki, ulkoperspektiivipiirustus, 1921}}</ref> In 1924 Oiva Kallio won Etu-Töölö competition with his plan (several 14- to 16-story buildings).<ref>{{Cite web |title=26.11.1927 Hakkapeliitta no 48, s. 11 |url=https://digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi/aikakausi/binding/1811962?page=11 |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi |language=fi}}</ref> A 32-story city hall was also proposed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pilvilinnoja – pöydälle jääneitä suunnitelmia |url=https://www.mfa.fi/kokoelmat/tietopaketit/pilvilinnoja-poydalle-jaaneita-suunnitelmia/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=Arkkitehtuurimuseo |language=fi}}</ref> Other plans of the 1930s included the 18-story "Kino" palace, a 17-story apartment building, and a 30-story<ref name="blog">{{Cite web |last=Murole|first=Pentti|date=7 April 2021 |title=Uskallanko kirjoittaa korkeasta rakentamisesta? |url=https://penttimurole.blogspot.com/2021/04/uskallanko-kirjoittaa-korkeasta.html |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=Pentti Murole blogi}}</ref> Stockmann building were proposed but only the 70-meter-tall 14-story [[Hotel Torni]] was built.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Etusivu - UTUPub |url=https://www.utupub.fi/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.utupub.fi}}</ref> (Hotel Torni was the tallest high-rise in Finland until 1976, when the 83-meter-tall [[Accountor Tower|Neste headquarters]] were completed in Espoo; Helsinki had rejected the tower.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Törmänen |first=Eeva |date=2022-12-17 |title=Suomen ensimmäinen pilvenpiirtäjä rakennettiin Espooseen 1976, koska Helsinki kieltäytyi – Raaden Hampaan rakentamiseen liittyi erikoinen vaatimus |url=https://www.tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/suomen-ensimmainen-pilvenpiirtaja-rakennettiin-espooseen-1976-koska-helsinki-kieltaytyi-raaden-hampaan-rakentamiseen-liittyi-erikoinen-vaatimus/d020f0eb-62df-4522-b977-d3130f358709 |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=Tekniikka&Talous |language=fi}}</ref>) Twin 30-story buildings were proposed in [[Pasila]] in the 1970s but were rejected.<ref name="blog"/> In 1990 a planned 104-meter-tall tower<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pasanen |first=Esko |date=1990-11-08 |title=Koneen tornikaavailut hämmästyttävät Elmua |url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000003026040.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |url-access=limited |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pasanen |first=Esko |date=1990-12-19 |title=Kiinteistövirasto: Koneen korkea torni sopii Elmun tontille |url-access=limited |url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000003036227.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |language=fi}}</ref> for the [[Kone]] company was also cancelled.

Highrise construction only started in the beginning of the 21st century, when the city decided to allow the construction of skyscrapers. Highrises were first built in [[Kalasatama]], a primarily-residential district built on [[Sörnäinen Harbour|a former container port]]. As of 2024, four residential towers have been completed: the 35-story, 282-apartment, {{convert|134|m|ft|adj=mid|-tall}} {{lang|fi|[[Majakka]]|italic=unset}} in 2019 (which is the [[List of tallest buildings in Finland|tallest building in Finland]]); the 32-story, 124-meter {{lang|fi|Loisto|italic=unset}} in 2021; the 31-story, 120-meter {{lang|fi|Lumo|italic=unset}} One<!--this part isn't Finnish but is part of the name of the building--> in 2022; and the 24-story, 98-meter {{lang|fi|Visio|italic=unset}} in 2023. The 26-story, 111-meter-tall office building {{lang|fi|Horisontti|italic=unset}} is to be completed in 2025, and three further towers are to be built in the complex.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-03 |title=Eteläiseen Helsinkiin nousee jälleen uusi tornitalo, 111-metrinen toimistopilvenpiirtäjä |url=https://yle.fi/a/74-20020877 |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=Yle Uutiset |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-15 |title=Kalasataman harmaaksi haukutun Majakan viereen nousee kaksi valkoista tornitaloa – Poliitikot haluavat nähdä omin silmin, miltä talojen julkisivu näyttää |url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000005933606.html |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-13 |title=Kalasatama |url=https://www.hel.fi/fi/kaupunkiymparisto-ja-liikenne/kaupunkisuunnittelu-ja-rakentaminen/uutta-helsinkia-rakentamassa/kalasatama |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=Helsingin kaupunki |language=fi}}</ref>
Tall residential towers have also been built in the eastern district of [[Vuosaari]]: the 87-meter, 26-story [[Cirrus (Helsinki building)|Cirrus]] was completed in 2006, the 24-story, 85-meter-tall {{lang|fi|Hyperion|italic=unset}} was completed in 2023 and the 33-story, 288-apartment, 120-meter-tall {{lang|fi|Atlas|italic=unset}} is due to be completed in late 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Atlas ja Hyperion kurkottelevat pilviin |url=https://www.skanska.fi/tietoa-skanskasta/media/artikkelit/atlas-ja-hyperion-kurkottelevat-pilviin/ |access-date=2024-02-10 |website=www.skanska.fi |language=fi-FI}}</ref>

Skyscrapers have also be planned in the Pasila area, with a handful of over-100-meter-tall towers in various stages of planning or early construction as of 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senaatti-kiinteistöt, Helsingin kaupunki ja Skanska allekirjoittivat sopimuksen Pasilan Länsitornialueen toteuttamisesta {{!}} Skanska Oy |url=https://www.sttinfo.fi/tiedote/69995077/senaatti-kiinteistot-helsingin-kaupunki-ja-skanska-allekirjoittivat-sopimuksen-pasilan-lansitornialueen-toteuttamisesta?publisherId=69819623 |access-date=2024-02-09 |website=www.sttinfo.fi |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Siippainen |first=Aapo |date=2024-03-01 |title=130-metrisen tornitalon rakentaminen alkaa Pasilassa – vilkas pyöräbaana jää alle |url=https://www.helsinginuutiset.fi/paikalliset/6599643 |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=Helsingin Uutiset |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-12 |title=Pilvenpiirtäjät {{!}} Helsingin Pasilaa odottaa mullistus: Kuvissa uudet tornit |url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000009514127.html |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-18 |title=Rakentaminen {{!}} Helsingin Messukeskus on saamassa uuden sisääntulohallin ja 33-kerroksisen hotellitornin |url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000006606043.html |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-10 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hotelli Tornitalo |url=https://kerrokantasi.hel.fi/trainfactory/tZADj96QZLzvBq1Nym9kuf8vE6DU6NiH}}</ref>
In [[Jätkäsaari]], a 113-meter-tall hotel and a 24-story residential tower have been approved.<ref>{{Cite web |last=HS |first=Milka Valtanen |date=2019-06-19 |title=Jätkäsaareen nousemassa lähes 40 metriä Clarionia korkeampi tornihotelli |url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000006148607.html |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-10 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |language=fi}}</ref> 121- and 93-meter-tall office buildings are planned to be built in [[Ruoholahti]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-06 |title=Kaupunkisuunnittelu {{!}} Helsinkiin halutaan uusi "tunnistettava maamerkki": 29-kerroksinen torni Ruoholahteen |url=https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000010206996.html |url-access=limited |access-date=2024-02-10 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |language=fi}}</ref> Well over 200 high-rise buildings will be built in Helsinki in the 2020s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-26 |title=Kaavat, kartat ja avustukset rakentamiseen |url=https://www.hel.fi/fi/kaupunkiymparisto-ja-liikenne/tontit-ja-rakentamisen-luvat/kaavat-kartat-ja-avustukset-rakentamiseen |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Helsingin kaupunki |language=fi}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=July 2024|reason=Ref is the city's website with links to maps and plans for constructors, would probably need some sort of query (which was not given) or manual investigative work.}}

The freshest building styles in Helsinki also include [[low-carbon economy]]; for example, the white-colored Katajanokan Laituri building that opened in [[Katajanokka]] in the summer of 2024 is built from Finnish and Swedish wood. This building includes eco-friendly hotel Solo Sokos Pier 4.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2024/dec/26/eco-friendly-helsinki-finland|title=On the waterfront in Helsinki – a zen regeneration game|first=Eddi|last=Fiegel|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=26 December 2024|access-date=27 December 2024}}</ref>