Editing Hail (section)

== Suppression and prevention ==
[[Image:Banska Stiavnica Cannon-1.JPG|thumb|right|Hail cannon in an old castle in [[Banska Stiavnica]], Slovakia]]
During the [[Middle Ages]], people in Europe used to ring church bells and fire [[cannon]]s to try to prevent hail, and the subsequent damage to crops. Updated versions of this approach are available as modern [[hail cannon]]s. [[Cloud seeding]] after [[World War II]] was done to eliminate the hail threat,<ref name="ncar"/> particularly across [[the Soviet Union]], where it was claimed a 70–98% reduction in crop damage from hail storms was achieved by deploying [[silver iodide]] in clouds using [[rocket]]s and [[artillery shell]]s.<ref>{{Cite conference |last1=Abshaev |first1=M. T. |last2=Abshaev |first2=A. M. |last3=Malkarova |first3=A. M. |date=22–24 October 2007 |title=Radar Estimation of Physical Efficiency of Hail Suppression Projects |conference=9th WMO Scientific Conference on Weather Modification |location=Antalya, Turkey |publisher= |pages=228–231}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal| last1= Abshaev | first1= M. T.| last2=  Abshaev | first2= A. M.| last3= Malkarova | first3= A. M. |date= 2012| title= Estimation of antihail projects efficiency considering the tendency of hail climatology change| publisher= 10th WMO Scientific Conference on Weather Modification| place= Bali, Indonesia| journal= WWRP |volume= 2012–2| pages= 1–4}}</ref> But these effects have not been replicated in randomized trials conducted in the West.<ref>{{Cite journal| first1=B. |last1= Federer| first2= A. | last2= Waldvogel | first3= W. | last3= Schmid| first4= H. H. | last4= Schiesser| first5= F. | last5= Hampel| first6= Marianne | last6= Schweingruber| first7= W. | last7= Stahel| first8= J. | last8= Bader| first9= J. F. | last9= Mezeix| first10= Nadie | last10= Doras| first11= G. | last11= d'Aubigny| first12= G. | last12= DerMegreditchian | first13=D. | last13= Vento| display-authors= 3 |date=1986-07-07 |title=Main Results of Grossversuch IV |journal= [[Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology]] |volume=25| issue=7 |pages= 917–957|doi= 10.1175/1520-0450(1986)025<0917:MROGI>2.0.CO;2|jstor= 26182470|bibcode= 1986JApMe..25..917F| doi-access= free }}</ref> Hail suppression programs have been undertaken by 15 countries between 1965 and 2005.<ref name="ncar"/><ref name="Oliver"/>