Editing Grammatical case (section)

=== Basque ===
[[Basque language|Basque]] has the following cases, with examples given in the indefinite, definite singular, definite plural, and definite close plural of the word ''etxe'', "house", "home":

* [[Absolutive case|absolutive]] (''etxe, etxe'''a''', etxe'''ak''', etxe'''ok''''': "house, the / a house, (the / some) houses, these houses"),
* [[Ergative case|ergative]] (''etxe'''k''', etxe'''ak''', etxe'''ek''', etxe'''ok'''''),
* [[Dative case|dative]] (''etxe'''ri''', etxe'''ari''', etxe'''ei''', etxe'''oi'''''),
* [[Genitive case|genitive]] (''etxe'''ren''', etxe'''aren''', etxe'''en''', etxe'''on'''''),
* destinative (or benefactive: ''etxe'''rentzat''', etxe'''arentzat''', etxe'''entzat''', etxe'''ontzat'''''),
* motivative (or causal: ''etxe'''rengatik''', etxe'''arengatik''', etxe'''engatik''', etxe'''ongatik'''''),
* [[Sociative case|sociative]] (''etxe'''rekin''', etxe'''arekin''', etxe'''ekin''', etxe'''okin'''''),
* [[Instrumental case|instrumental]] (''etxe'''z''', etxe'''az''', etxe'''ez''', etxe'''oz'''''),
* [[Locative case|locative]] or inesive (''etxe'''tan''', etxe'''an''', etxe'''etan''', etxe'''otan'''''),
* [[Ablative case|ablative]] (''etxe'''tatik''', etxe'''tik''', exte'''etatik''', etxe'''otatik'''''),
* adlative (''etxe'''tara''', etxe'''ra''', etxe'''etara''', etxe'''otara'''''),
* directional adlative (''etxe'''tarantz''', etxe'''rantz''', etxe'''etarantz''', etxe'''otarantz'''''),
* terminative adlative (''etxe'''taraino''', etxe'''raino''', etxe'''etaraino''', etxe'''otaraino'''''),
* locative genitive (''etxe'''tako''', etxe'''ko''', etxe'''etako''', etxe'''otako'''''),
* [[Prolative case|prolative]] (etxe'''tzat'''), only in the indefinite grammatical number,
* [[Partitive case|partitive]] (etxe'''rik'''), only in the indefinite grammatical number, and
* [[Distributive case|distributive]] (''Bost liburu ikasle'''ko''' banatu dituzte'', "They have handed out five books to each student"), only in the indefinite grammatical number.

Some of them can be re-declined, even more than once, as if they were nouns (usually, from the genitive locative case), although they mainly work as noun modifiers before a noun clause:

* ''etxearena'' (that which is of the house), ''etxearenarekin'' (with the one which pertains to the house), 
* ''neskarentzako'' (which is for the girl), ''neskarentzakoan'' (in the one which is for the girl), 
* ''neskekiko'' (which is with the girls), ''neskekikoa'' (the one which is for the girls), 
* ''arazoarengatiko'' (which is because of the problem), ''arazoarengatikoak'' (the ones which are due to the problems), 
* ''zurezkoaz'' (by means of the wooden one), 
* ''etxeetakoaz'' (about the one which is in the houses), ''etxeetakoari'' (to the one which is in the houses), 
* ''etxetiko'' (which comes from the house), ''etxetikoa'' (the one which comes from the house), etxetikoari (to the one which comes from the house), 
* ''etxeetarako'' (which goes to the houses), ''etxeetarakoa'' (the one which goes to the houses), ''etxeetarakoaz'' (about the one which goes to the houses), 
* ''etxeranzko'' (which goes towards the house), ''etxeranzkoa'' (the one which goes to the house), ''etxeranzkoarena'' (the one which belongs to the one which goes to the house), 
* ''etxerainoko'' (which goes up to the house), ''etxerainokoa'' (the one which goes up to the house), ''etxerainokoarekin'' (with the one which goes up to the houses)...