Editing Golgi apparatus (section)

== Brefeldin A ==
[[Brefeldin A]] (BFA) is a fungal [[metabolite]] used experimentally to disrupt the secretion pathway as a method of testing Golgi function.<ref name="Marie-2008">{{cite journal | vauthors = Marie M, Sannerud R, Avsnes Dale H, Saraste J | title = Take the 'A' train: on fast tracks to the cell surface | journal = Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences | volume = 65 | issue = 18 | pages = 2859–74 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18726174 | doi = 10.1007/s00018-008-8355-0 | pmc = 7079782 }}</ref> BFA blocks the activation of some [[ADP-ribosylation]] factors ([[ADP ribosylation factor|ARF]]s).<ref name="D'Souza-Schorey-2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = D'Souza-Schorey C, Chavrier P | title = ARF proteins: roles in membrane traffic and beyond | journal = Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology | volume = 7 | issue = 5 | pages = 347–58 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16633337 | doi = 10.1038/nrm1910 | s2cid = 19092867 }}</ref> ARFs are small [[GTPase]]s which regulate vesicular trafficking through the binding of COPs to [[endosome]]s and the Golgi.<ref name="D'Souza-Schorey-2006"/> BFA inhibits the function of several [[guanine nucleotide exchange factor]]s (GEFs) that mediate GTP-binding of ARFs.<ref name="D'Souza-Schorey-2006"/> Treatment of cells with BFA thus disrupts the secretion pathway, promoting disassembly of the Golgi apparatus and distributing Golgi proteins to the endosomes and ER.<ref name="Marie-2008"/><ref name="D'Souza-Schorey-2006"/>