Editing European Space Agency (section)

==Member states, funding and budget==
===Membership and contribution to the ESA===
{{Multiple image
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 |caption2={{legend|#439CC6|ESA member states}}{{legend|#0000ff|ESA associate members}}{{legend|#47C2B4|European cooperating states (ECS)}}{{legend|#23A552|Signatories of the Cooperation Agreement}}
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Member states participate to varying degrees with both mandatory space programs and those that are optional.  {{asof|2008}}, the mandatory programmes made up 25% of total expenditures while optional space programmes were the other 75%.<ref name="czechspace.cz">{{cite web |url=http://www.czechspace.cz/cs/system/files/AO6052-ws00pe.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511110444/http://www.czechspace.cz/cs/system/files/AO6052-ws00pe.pdf |archive-date=11 May 2013 |title=ESA programmes with Czech participation |publisher=[[Czech Space Office]] |year=2009}}</ref> The ESA has traditionally implemented a policy of "georeturn", where funds that ESA member states provide to the ESA "are returned in the form of contracts to companies in those countries."<ref name=sn20240619>{{cite news |last=Foust|first=Jeff |title=ESA takes first step to modify georeturn policies |url=https://spacenews.com/esa-takes-first-step-to-modify-georeturn-policies/ |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=2024-06-19 |access-date=2024-06-20}}</ref>

By 2015, the ESA was an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states.<ref name="ESA" />
The 2008 ESA budget amounted to €3.0&nbsp;billion whilst the 2009 budget amounted to €3.6&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/corporate/ESA_2009_Budgetsweb.pdf |title=ESA budget for 2009 |publisher=ESA |date=January 2009 |access-date=6 September 2014 |archive-date=30 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130213055/http://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/corporate/ESA_2009_Budgetsweb.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The total budget amounted to about €3.7&nbsp;billion in 2010, €3.99&nbsp;billion in 2011, €4.02&nbsp;billion in 2012, €4.28&nbsp;billion in 2013, €4.10&nbsp;billion in 2014, €4.43&nbsp;billion in 2015, €5.25&nbsp;billion in 2016, €5.75&nbsp;billion in 2017, €5.60&nbsp;billion in 2018, €5.72&nbsp;billion in 2019, €6,68&nbsp;billion in 2020, €6.49&nbsp;billion in 2021, €7.15&nbsp;billion in 2022, €7.46&nbsp;billion in 2023 and €7.79&nbsp;billion in 2024.<ref name="Budgets">* {{cite web |date=24 January 2013 |title=ESA Budget for 2013 |url=http://www.esa.int/For_Media/Latest_web_news/Budget_as_presented_during_DG_press_conference_24_January_2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021202123/http://www.esa.int/For_Media/Latest_web_news/Budget_as_presented_during_DG_press_conference_24_January_2013 |archive-date=21 October 2013 |access-date=21 May 2013 |work=esa.int}}
* {{cite web |title=ESA budget for 2011 |url=http://download.esa.int/docs/DG/ESA_2011_Budget_040111_rev2.ppt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131183314/http://download.esa.int/docs/DG/ESA_2011_Budget_040111_rev2.ppt |archive-date=31 January 2020 |access-date=6 September 2014 |publisher=ESA |format=PPT}}
* {{cite web |title=ESA budget for 2013 |url=http://spaceinimages.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2013/01/esa_budget_2013/12496038-4-eng-GB/ESA_budget_2013.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103182759/http://spaceinimages.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2013/01/esa_budget_2013/12496038-4-eng-GB/ESA_budget_2013.jpg |archive-date=3 November 2013 |access-date=6 September 2014 |publisher=ESA |format=JPG}}
* {{cite web |date=29 January 2015 |title=ESA Budget for 2014 |url=http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2014/01/ESA_budget_by_domain_for_2014_M_Million_Euro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111022527/http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2014/01/ESA_budget_by_domain_for_2014_M_Million_Euro |archive-date=11 November 2014 |access-date=29 January 2015 |work=esa.int}}
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2015/01/ESA_Budget_2015]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2016/01/ESA_budget_2016]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2017/01/ESA_budget_2017]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2018/01/ESA_budget_2018]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2019/01/ESA_Budget_2019]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2020/01/ESA_budget_2020]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2021/01/ESA_budget_2021]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2022/01/ESA_budget_2022]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2023/01/ESA_budget_2023]
* [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2024/01/ESA_budget_2024]</ref>

English and French are the two official languages of the ESA.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently asked questions |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Careers_at_ESA/Frequently_asked_questions2 |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=www.esa.int |language=en}}</ref> Additionally, official documents are also provided in German and documents regarding the [[Spacelab]] have been also provided in Italian. If found appropriate, the agency may conduct its correspondence in any language of a member state.<ref>{{cite report|title=ESA Convention and Council Rules of Procedure|url=https://europeanspaceflight.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/SP-1337_EN.pdf |date=November 2019|publisher=ESA |page=127|access-date=March 21, 2025}}</ref>

The following table lists all the member states and adjunct members, their ESA convention ratification dates, and their contributions as of 2024:<ref>{{Cite web |title=ESA Funding |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Funding |publisher=European Space Agency |access-date=16 October 2022 |website=www.esa.int |language=en |archive-date=15 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115090919/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Funding |url-status=live }}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Member state or partner
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Ratification of ESA convention<ref>{{cite web |title=ESA Convention |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Law_at_ESA/ESA_Convention |website=esa.int |access-date=8 March 2025}}</ref>
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | National programme
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Contributions
|-
! scope="col" | M€
! scope="col" | % of total
! scope="col" | Per capita (€)<ref>For European states, population is taken from the 2022 column of [https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/bookmark/9cc6dc79-3700-4e53-8259-4e6c12fc98cc?lang=en Eurostat] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016205527/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/bookmark/9cc6dc79-3700-4e53-8259-4e6c12fc98cc?lang=en |date=16 October 2022 }} table.

For Canada, see the 2022 column of [https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1710000901 Statistics Canada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211032546/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1710000901 |date=11 February 2022 }} table.</ref>{{full citation needed|date=August 2022}}
|-
! colspan="6" |Full member states
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Austria}}<ref group="note" name="Ireland" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1986|12|30}}
|[[Austrian Space Agency|FFG]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|62.4}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1.2}}%
|6.85
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Belgium}}{{#tag:ref|Founding members and initial signatories drafted the ESA charter which entered into force on 30 October 1980. These nations were also members of either [[European Launcher Development Organisation|ELDO]] or [[European Space Research Organisation|ESRO]].<ref name="ESA Convention">{{cite book |url=http://www.spacebooks-online.com/product_info.php?products_id=17557 |title=ESA Convention |date= 2010 |edition=7th |publisher=European Space Agency Communications, [[ESTEC]] |isbn=978-92-9221-410-4 |issn=0379-4067 |access-date=6 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906133404/http://www.spacebooks-online.com/product_info.php?products_id=17557 |archive-date=6 September 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>|name=founding|group=note}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1978|10|3}}
|[[Belgian Federal Science Policy Office|BELSPO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|292.6}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|5.6}}%
|24.91
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Czech Republic}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2008|8|12}}
|[[Ministry of Transport (Czech Republic)|Ministry of Transport]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|48.4}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.9}}%
|4.47
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Denmark}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1977|9|15}}
|[[DTU Space]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|35.1}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.7}}%
|5.92
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Estonia}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2015|9|1}}
|[[Estonian Space Office|ESO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|7.0}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.1}}%
|5.12
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Finland}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1995|1|1}}
|[[Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|33.5}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.6}}%
|6.02
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|France}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1980|10|30}}
|[[CNES]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1048.4}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|20.1}}%
|15.38
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Germany}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
||{{dts|format=dmy|1977|7|26}}
||[[German Aerospace Centre|DLR]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1171.6}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|22.4}}%
|14.10
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Greece}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2005|3|9}}
|[[Hellenic National Space Committee]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|16.1}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.3}}%
|1.55
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Hungary}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2015|11|4}}
|[[Hungarian Space Office|HSO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|23.2}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.4}}%
|2.42
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Ireland}}{{refn|These nations are considered initial signatories, but since they were members of neither [[European Space Research Organisation|ESRO]] nor [[European Launcher Development Organisation|ELDO]] (the precursor organisations to ESA) the Convention could only enter into force when the last of the other 10 founders ratified it.|name=Ireland|group=note}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1980|12|10}}
|[[Enterprise Ireland]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|22.8}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.4}}%
|4.33
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Italy}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1978|2|20}}
|[[Italian Space Agency|ASI]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|881.2}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|16.9}}%
|14.94
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Luxembourg}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2005|6|30}}
|[[Luxembourg Space Agency|LSA]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|41.6}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.8}}%
|62.95
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Netherlands}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1979|2|6}}
|[[Netherlands Space Office|NSO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|117.1}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|2.2}}%
|6.57
|-
|{{Flagicon|EFTA}}{{Flag|Norway}}<ref group="note" name="Ireland" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1986|12|30}}
|[[Norwegian Space Agency|NSA]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|71.4}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1.4}}%
|13.01
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Poland}}
||{{dts|format=dmy|2012|11|19}}
|[[Polish Space Agency|POLSA]] 
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|47.7}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.9}}%
|1.30
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Portugal}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2000|11|14}}
|[[Portugal Space|PT Space]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|19.4}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.4}}%
|1.85
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Romania}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|12|22}}
|[[Romanian Space Agency|ROSA]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|51.0}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1.0}}%
|2.68
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Slovenia}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2025|1|1}}
|[[Ministry of Economic Development and Technology (Slovenia)|Ministry of Economic Development and Technology]]
| style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|3.9}}
| style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.1}}%
|1.84
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Spain}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1979|2|7}}
|[[Agencia Espacial Española|AEE]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|297.5}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|5.7}}%
|6.19
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Sweden}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1976|4|6}}
|[[Swedish National Space Agency|SNSA]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|80.0}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1.5}}%
|7.60
|-
|{{Flagicon|EFTA}}{{Flag|Switzerland}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1976|11|19}}
|[[Swiss Space Office|SSO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|188.2}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|3.6}}%
|21.35
|-
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}<ref group="note" name="founding" />
|{{dts|format=dmy|1978|3|28}}
|[[UK Space Agency|UKSA]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|448.9}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|8.6}}%
|6.60
|-
! scope="row" |Others
|{{n/a}}
|{{n/a}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|203.2}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|3.9}}%
|{{n/a}}
|-
! colspan=6 style="background-color:#e9e9e9; text-align:left;" |Non-full members
|-
|{{Flag|Canada}}{{refn|Canada is a Cooperating State of ESA.<ref name="Leclerc-1998"/><ref name="assoc">{{cite book |url=http://www.esa.int/esapub/hsr/HSR_25.pdf |title=Canada and The European Space Agency: Three Decades of Cooperation |first=Lydia |last=Dotto |date=2002 |publisher=European Space Agency |access-date=5 May 2009 |archive-date=9 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809053114/http://www.esa.int/esapub/hsr/HSR_25.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>|name=Canada|group=note}} ||{{dts|format=dmy|1979|1|1}}<ref name="Leclerc-1998">{{cite journal |url=http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bullet96/LECLERC.pdf |title=Canada and ESA: 20 Years of Cooperation |first1=G. |last1=Leclerc |first2=S. |last2=Lessard |journal=ESA Bulletin |issue=96 |date=November 1998 |isbn=92-9092-533-7 |access-date=5 May 2009 |archive-date=9 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809053040/http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bullet96/LECLERC.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref group="note" name="Associate states" />
||[[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|11.0}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.2}}%
|0.28
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Latvia}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2020|7|27}}<ref name="www.esa.int-2020">{{Cite web |date=29 July 2020 |title=Latvia becomes ESA Associate Member State |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Latvia_becomes_ESA_Associate_Member_State |access-date=18 August 2020 |website=www.esa.int |language=en |archive-date=11 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111221710/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Latvia_becomes_ESA_Associate_Member_State |url-status=live }}</ref>{{refn|Date of ratification of association agreement.|name=Associate states|group=note}}
|[[Latvian Space Office|LSO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.5}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.0}}%
|0.27
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Lithuania}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2021|5|21}}<ref name="www.esa.int-2">{{Cite web |title=Lithuania becomes ESA Associate Member state |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Lithuania_becomes_ESA_Associate_Member_state |access-date=14 October 2022 |website=www.esa.int |language=en |archive-date=22 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222072237/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Lithuania_becomes_ESA_Associate_Member_state |url-status=live }}</ref><ref group="note" name="Associate states" />
|[[Lithuanian Space Office|LSO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.9}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.0}}%
|0.32
|-
|{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Slovakia}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2022|10|13}}<ref name="www.esa.int">{{Cite web |title=Slovakia becomes ESA Associate Member state |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Slovakia_becomes_ESA_Associate_Member_state |access-date=14 October 2022 |website=www.esa.int |language=en |archive-date=13 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013201557/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Slovakia_becomes_ESA_Associate_Member_state |url-status=live }}</ref><ref group="note" name="Associate states" />
|[[Slovak Space Office|SSO]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|3.5}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|0.1}}%
|0.65
|- style="background-color:#e9e9e9; font-weight:bold;"
|colspan=3 |{{hs|za}}Members and associates total
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|5,024.9}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{#expr:100*5024.9/7785.1round1}}%
|
|-
|{{Flag|European Union}}{{hs|zb}}<ref group="note" name="union">Framework Agreement establishing the legal basis for cooperation between ESA and the European Union came into force in May 2004.</ref>
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|5|28}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/agree_internation/2004/578/oj |title=Framework Agreement between the European Community and the European Space Agency |publisher=Consilium.europa.eu |access-date=29 August 2011 }}</ref>
|[[European Union Agency for the Space Programme|EUSPA]]
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1822.6}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|23.4}}%
|4.06
|-
! scope="row" |[[EUMETSAT]]{{hs|zc}}
|{{n/a}}
|{{n/a}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|116.4}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1.5}}%
|{{n/a}}
|-
! scope="row" |{{hs|zd}}Other income
|{{n/a}}
|{{n/a}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|821.2}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|10.5}}%
|{{n/a}}
|- style="background-color:#e9e9e9; font-weight:bold;"
|colspan=3 |{{hs|za}}Other institutional partners and income total
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|2,760.2}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{#expr:100*2760.2/7785.1round1}}%
|
|- style="background-color:#e9e9e9; font-weight:bold;"
|colspan=3 |{{hs|ze}}Grand total
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|7,785.1}}
|style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|100%}}
|
|}

{{reflist|group=note|refs=
}}

===Non-full member states===
Previously associated members were Austria, Norway and Finland and Slovenia, all of which later joined the ESA as full members. Since January 2025 there have been four associate members: Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia and Canada. The three European members have shown interest in full membership and may eventually apply within the next years.

====Latvia====
Latvia became the second current associated member on 30 June 2020, when the Association Agreement was signed by ESA Director Jan Wörner and the [[Ministry of Education and Science (Latvia)|Minister of Education and Science of Latvia]], [[Ilga Šuplinska]] in [[Riga]]. The [[Saeima]] ratified it on 27 July.<ref name="www.esa.int-2020" />

====Lithuania====
In May 2021, Lithuania became the third current associated member.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Payer |first=Markus |date=3 May 2021 |title=Lithuania becomes ESA Associate Member |url=https://spacewatch.global/2021/05/lithuania-becomes-esa-associate-member/ |access-date=26 May 2021 |website=SpaceWatch.Global |language=en-US |archive-date=22 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522142034/https://spacewatch.global/2021/05/lithuania-becomes-esa-associate-member/ |url-status=live }}</ref> As a consequence its citizens became eligible to apply to the [[2022 European Space Agency Astronaut Group|2022 ESA Astronaut group]], applications for which were scheduled to close one week later. The deadline was therefore extended by three weeks to allow Lithuanians a fair chance to apply.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ESA extends deadline for astronaut applications as new Associate Member joins |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Careers_at_ESA/ESA_Astronaut_Selection/ESA_extends_deadline_for_astronaut_applications_as_new_Associate_Member_joins |access-date=26 May 2021 |website=www.esa.int |language=en |archive-date=26 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526084734/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Careers_at_ESA/ESA_Astronaut_Selection/ESA_extends_deadline_for_astronaut_applications_as_new_Associate_Member_joins |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Slovakia====
Slovakia's Associate membership came into effect on 13 October 2022, for an initial duration of seven years. The Association Agreement supersedes the European Cooperating State (ECS) Agreement, which entered into force upon Slovakia's subscription to the Plan for European Cooperating States Charter on 4 February 2016, a scheme introduced at ESA in 2001. The ECS Agreement was subsequently extended until 3 August 2022.<ref name="www.esa.int"/>

====Canada====
Since 1 January 1979, Canada has had the special status of a Cooperating State within the ESA. By virtue of this accord, the [[Canadian Space Agency]] takes part in the ESA's deliberative bodies and decision-making and also in the ESA's programmes and activities. Canadian firms can bid for and receive contracts to work on programmes. The accord has a provision ensuring a fair industrial return to Canada.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.esa.int/For_Media/Press_Releases/ESA_and_Canada_renew_cooperation_agreement_building_on_long-term_partnership |title=ESA and Canada renew cooperation agreement, building on long-term partnership |date=21 June 2000 |access-date=6 September 2014 |publisher=European Space Agency |archive-date=13 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113052026/http://www.esa.int/For_Media/Press_Releases/ESA_and_Canada_renew_cooperation_agreement_building_on_long-term_partnership |url-status=live }}</ref> The most recent Cooperation Agreement was signed on 15 December 2010 with a term extending to 2020.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=580319 |title=Minister Clement Welcomes Extension of Historic Partnership with European Space Agency <!-- |alturl=http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/064.nsf/eng/06154.html --> |date=15 December 2010 |publisher=Industry Canada |access-date=13 November 2014 |archive-date=13 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113034706/http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=580319 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |publisher=Canadian Space Agency |url=http://www.spaceref.ca/news/viewpr.html?pid=32298 |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160515132748/http://www.spaceref.ca/news/viewpr.html?pid%3D32298 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 May 2016 |title=Europe and Canada: Partners in Space A Model of International Co-Operation |date=15 December 2010}}</ref> For 2014, Canada's annual assessed contribution to the ESA general budget was €6,059,449 ([[Canadian dollar|CAD$]]8,559,050).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/transparence-transparency/eng/grants/2013-2014/4/1960.aspx |publisher=Canadian Space Agency |date=2 January 2014 |title=Disclosure of grants and contributions awards Fiscal Year 2013–2014 4th quarter |access-date=13 November 2014 |archive-date=5 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140805235641/http://www4.asc-csa.gc.ca/transparence-transparency/eng/grants/2013-2014/4/1960.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> For 2017, Canada has increased its annual contribution to €21,600,000 ([[Canadian dollar|CAD$]]30,000,000).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/publications/rpp-2016.asp#s1-expenditures |title=2016–17 Report on Plans and Priorities |author=The Honourable Navdeep Bains |website=Canadian Space Agency website |date=7 March 2016 |access-date=30 January 2017 |archive-date=17 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117024233/http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/publications/rpp-2016.asp#s1-expenditures |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Budget appropriation and allocation===
[[File:Easbars.png|thumb|upright=2.2|European Space Agency 2016 budget by domain out of a total budget is 5250M€.]]

The ESA is funded from annual contributions by [[Nation|national]] governments of members as well as from an annual contribution by the [[European Union]] (EU).<ref name="de Selding-2015">{{cite news |last1=de Selding |first1=Peter B. |title=Tough Sledding for Proposed ESA Reorganization |url=http://spacenews.com/tough-sledding-for-proposed-esa-reorganization/ |access-date=28 July 2015 |work=Space News |date=29 July 2015 |quote=The four biggest ESA contributors, Germany and France followed by Italy and Britain – together account for 67 percent of the agency's funding – and more if the annual contribution from the European Union is taken into account. |archive-date=16 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416152328/https://spacenews.com/tough-sledding-for-proposed-esa-reorganization/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The budget of the ESA was €5.250&nbsp;billion in 2016.<ref name="esa2016budpie">{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2016/01/ESA_budget_2016_by_domain |title=ESA 2016 Budget by domain |publisher=European Space Agency |date=14 January 2016 |access-date=6 March 2016 |archive-date=12 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312173654/http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2016/01/ESA_budget_2016_by_domain |url-status=live }}</ref> Every 3–4 years, ESA member states agree on a budget plan for several years at an ESA member states conference. This plan can be amended in future years, however provides the major guideline for the ESA for several years. {{citation needed|date=July 2015}} The 2016 budget allocations for major areas of the ESA activity are shown in the chart on the right.<ref name="esa2016budpie"/>

Countries typically have their own space programmes that differ in how they operate organisationally and financially with the ESA. For example, the French space agency CNES has a total budget of €2,015&nbsp;million, of which €755&nbsp;million is paid as direct financial contribution to the ESA.<ref name="leCNES">{{cite web |url=http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-fr/3349-sa-mission.php |title=Le CNES en bref |publisher=CNES |website=Centre National D'etudes Spatiales |access-date=11 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806025700/http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-fr/3349-sa-mission.php |archive-date=6 August 2013 }}</ref> Several space-related projects are joint projects between national space agencies and the ESA (e.g. [[COROT]]). Also, the ESA is not the only European governmental space organisation (for example [[European Union Satellite Centre]] and the [[European Union Agency for the Space Programme|European Union Space Programme Agency]]).

===Enlargement===
{{See also|Enlargement of the European Space Agency}}
After the decision of the ESA Council of 21/22 March 2001, the procedure for accession of the European states was detailed as described the document titled "The Plan for European Co-operating States (PECS)".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/PECS/documents/PECSPresentation2006.pdf |title=The Plan for European Co-operating States (PECS): Towards an enlarged ESA Partnership |first=Bernard |last=Zufferey |date=22 November 2006 |publisher=European Space Agency |access-date=21 July 2014 |archive-date=16 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150816020518/http://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/PECS/documents/PECSPresentation2006.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Nations that want to become a full member of the ESA do so in 3 stages. First a Cooperation Agreement is signed between the country and ESA. In this stage, the country has very limited financial responsibilities. If a country wants to co-operate more fully with ESA, it signs a European Cooperating State (ECS) Agreement, albeit to be a candidate for said agreement, a country must be European. The ECS Agreement makes companies based in the country eligible for participation in ESA procurements. The country can also participate in all ESA programmes, except for the Basic Technology Research Programme. While the financial contribution of the country concerned increases, it is still much lower than that of a full member state. The agreement is normally followed by a Plan For European Cooperating State (or PECS Charter). This is a 5-year programme of basic [[research and development]] activities aimed at improving the nation's [[space industry]] capacity. At the end of the 5-year period, the country can either begin negotiations to become a full member state or an associated state or sign a new PECS Charter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pecs.esa.int/node/24 |title=PECS: General Overview |publisher=European Space Agency |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090523104757/http://pecs.esa.int/node/24 |archive-date=23 May 2009}}</ref> Many countries, most of which joined the EU in both 2004 and 2007, have started to co-operate with the ESA on various levels:

{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Applicant state
! scope="col" | Cooperation agreement
! scope="col" | ECS agreement
! scope="col" | PECS charter
! scope="col" | Association agreement signature
! scope="col" | Associate membership
! class="unsortable" | National programme
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Slovenia}}
|{{dts|28 May 2008}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ukom.gov.si/eng/slovenia/publications/slovenia-news/6537/6554/ |publisher=Slovenian Government Communication Office |title=Slovenian Government and ESA Sign Cooperation Agreement |date=28 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608123103/http://www.ukom.gov.si/eng/slovenia/publications/slovenia-news/6537/6554/ |archive-date=8 June 2008}}</ref>
|{{dts|22 January 2010}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Slovenia_becomes_sixth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |title=Slovenia becomes sixth ESA European Cooperating State |access-date=6 September 2014 |date=25 January 2010 |publisher=ESA |archive-date=11 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911215512/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Slovenia_becomes_sixth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|30 November 2010}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mvzt.gov.si/nc/en/splosno/cns/news/article/94/6845/049772920e/ |title=European Space Agency selects and confirms ten Slovenian proposals |access-date=6 December 2010 |publisher=Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology of Slovenia |date=3 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510110232/http://www.mvzt.gov.si/nc/en/splosno/cns/news/article/94/6845/049772920e/ |archive-date=10 May 2011 }}</ref>
|{{dts|5 July 2016}}<ref name="esa">{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Slovenia_signs_Accession_Agreement |title=Slovenia signs Association Agreement |last=esa |access-date=12 October 2017 |archive-date=16 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416152327/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Slovenia_signs_Association_Agreement |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|1 December 2016}}<ref name="esa" />
|through [[Ministry of Economic Development and Technology (Slovenia)|MoEDT]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Latvia}}
|{{dts|23 July 2009}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.diena.lv/lat/politics/hot/parakstis-ligumu-par-sadarbibu-kosmosa-joma |title=Līgums ar Kosmosa aģentūru liks tiekties pēc augstākiem rezultātiem |access-date=24 July 2009 |work=[[Diena.lv]] |date=23 July 2009 |language=lv |archive-date=16 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416152349/https://www.diena.lv/404/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|19 March 2013}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Latvia becomes seventh ESA European Cooperating State |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Latvia_becomes_seventh_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |work=esa.int |publisher=ESA |access-date=19 March 2013 |archive-date=22 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130322233954/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Latvia_becomes_seventh_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|30 January 2015}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2015/01/Signature_of_the_PECS_Charter_between_ESA_and_Latvia2 |title=Signature of the PECS Charter between ESA and Latvia |publisher=ESA |date=31 January 2015 |access-date=31 January 2015 |archive-date=5 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205140007/http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2015/01/Signature_of_the_PECS_Charter_between_ESA_and_Latvia2 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|30 June 2020}}<ref name="www.esa.int-2020" />
|{{dts|27 July 2020}}<ref name="www.esa.int-2020" />
|[[Latvian Space Office|LSO]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Lithuania}}
|{{dts|7 October 2010}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.baltic-course.com/eng/Technology/?doc=32461 |title=Lithuania signs agreement with European Space Agency |author=Danuta Pavilenene |date=7 October 2010 |work=The Baltic Course |access-date=7 October 2010 |archive-date=7 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707210032/http://www.baltic-course.com/eng/Technology/?doc=32461 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|7 October 2014}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Lithuania_becomes_eighth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |title=Lithuania becomes eighth ESA European Cooperating State |author=ESA |date=10 October 2014 |access-date=11 October 2014 |archive-date=14 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014211757/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Lithuania_becomes_eighth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|28 September 2015}}<ref name="www.esa.int-2" />
|{{dts|28 April 2021}}<ref name="www.esa.int-2" />
|{{dts|21 May 2021}}<ref name="www.esa.int-2" />
|[[Lithuanian Space Office|LSO]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Slovakia}}
|{{dts|28 April 2010}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Slovak_Republic_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |title=Slovak Republic signs Cooperation Agreement |date=4 May 2010 |access-date=6 September 2014 |publisher=ESA |archive-date=11 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911215615/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Slovak_Republic_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|16 February 2015}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Slovakia_becomes_ninth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |title=Slovakia becomes ninth ESA European Cooperating State |author=esa |work=European Space Agency |access-date=3 October 2015 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924014857/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Slovakia_becomes_ninth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|4 February 2016}}<ref name="www.esa.int" />
|{{dts|14 June 2022}}<ref name="www.esa.int"/>
|{{dts|13 October 2022}}<ref name="www.esa.int"/>
|[[Slovak Space Office|SSO]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Bulgaria}}
|{{dts|11 June 2014}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-11 |title=Орешарски вкара България в Европейската космическа агенция |url=https://www.mediapool.bg/oresharski-vkara-bulgaria-v-evropeiskata-kosmicheska-agentsiya-news221341.html |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=Mediapool.bg |language=bg-BG |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108234321/https://www.mediapool.bg/oresharski-vkara-bulgaria-v-evropeiskata-kosmicheska-agentsiya-news221341.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Александров |first=Светослав |date=2014-06-11 |title=Процедурата за влизането на България в Европейската космическа агенция започна!!! |url=https://www.cosmos.1.bg/portal/2014-10-24-20-54-26/21-2012-01-05-19-55-17/543-2014-bulgaria-joins-esa |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=КОСМОС БГ – Космическият сайт на Светослав Александров |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108234322/https://www.cosmos.1.bg/portal/2014-10-24-20-54-26/21-2012-01-05-19-55-17/543-2014-bulgaria-joins-esa |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|8 April 2015}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Bulgaria_becomes_tenth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |title=Bulgaria becomes tenth ESA European Cooperating State |author=esa |work=European Space Agency |access-date=3 October 2015 |archive-date=25 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925050004/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Bulgaria_becomes_tenth_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{dts|4 February 2016}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mi.government.bg/bg/news/balgariya-podpisa-harta-s-evropeiskata-kosmicheska-agenciya-sporazumenieto-za-evropeiska-kooperirashta-da-2463.html |title=Bulgaria signs PECS Charter |author=MoE |work=Ministry of Economics of Bulgaria |access-date=4 February 2016 |archive-date=5 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205092910/http://www.mi.government.bg/bg/news/balgariya-podpisa-harta-s-evropeiskata-kosmicheska-agenciya-sporazumenieto-za-evropeiska-kooperirashta-da-2463.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|[[Space Research and Technology Institute|SRTI]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Cyprus}}
|{{dts|27 August 2009}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.famagusta-gazette.com/default.asp?sdetail=9458 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102133129/http://www.famagusta-gazette.com/default.asp?sdetail=9458 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 January 2013 |title=Cyprus signs space agreement |access-date=30 August 2009 |date=28 August 2009 |work=Famagusta Gazette Online}}</ref>
|{{dts|6 July 2016}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Cyprus_becomes_11th_ESA_European_Cooperating_State|title=Cyprus becomes 11th ESA European Cooperating State|website=www.esa.int|access-date=14 May 2022|archive-date=14 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514235712/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Cyprus_becomes_11th_ESA_European_Cooperating_State|url-status=live}}</ref>
|{{dts|24 April 2017}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ανακοινώσεις {{!}} Τμήμα Ηλεκτρονικών Επικοινωνιών |url=https://dec.dmrid.gov.cy/dmrid/dec/ws_dec.nsf/All/CCE6664FF1ECF718C22584F5004B46FF?OpenDocument |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=dec.dmrid.gov.cy |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108231455/https://dec.dmrid.gov.cy/dmrid/dec/ws_dec.nsf/All/CCE6664FF1ECF718C22584F5004B46FF?OpenDocument |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|through [[Ministry of Communications and Works (Cyprus)|MoCW]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Croatia}}
|{{dts|19 February 2018}}<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://m.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Croatia_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |title=Croatia signs Cooperation Agreement |last=esa |work=European Space Agency |access-date=19 February 2018 |archive-date=19 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219160012/http://m.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Croatia_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |url-status=live }}</ref>
||{{dts|23 March 2023}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mzo.gov.hr/news/minister-fuchs-signed-the-new-agreement-with-the-european-space-agency/5413 |title=Minister Fuchs signed the new Agreement with the European Space Agency |access-date=23 March 2023 |date=23 March 2023 |publisher=Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Croatia |archive-date=23 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323161547/https://mzo.gov.hr/news/minister-fuchs-signed-the-new-agreement-with-the-european-space-agency/5413 |url-status=live }}</ref>
||{{dts|16 August 2023}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Croatia becomes ESA European Cooperating State |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Croatia_becomes_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=www.esa.int |language=en |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108222633/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Croatia_becomes_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|through [[Ministry of Science and Education (Croatia)|MoSE]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flagicon|European Union}}{{Flag|Malta}}
||{{dts|20 February 2012}}<ref name="ca2012">{{cite news |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Malta_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |title=Malta signs Cooperation Agreement |date=23 February 2012 |access-date=6 September 2014 |work=ESA |archive-date=12 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912124933/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Malta_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |url-status=live }}</ref>
||{{dts|25 October 2023}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malta becomes ESA European Cooperating State |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Malta_becomes_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=www.esa.int |language=en}}</ref>
||{{dts|12 September 2024}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malta becomes ESA European Cooperating State |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Malta_becomes_ESA_European_Cooperating_State |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=www.esa.int |language=en}}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|[[Malta Council for Science and Technology|MCST]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flag|Turkey}}
|{{dts|15 July 2004}}<ref name="esa-20040906">{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Industry/ESA_signs_Cooperation_Agreement_with_Turkey |title=ESA signs Cooperation Agreement with Turkey |date=6 September 2004 |access-date=6 September 2014 |publisher=European Space Agency |archive-date=10 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110134349/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Industry/ESA_signs_Cooperation_Agreement_with_Turkey |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|[[Turkey Space Agency|TUA]]<br><small>(agreement with [[TÜBİTAK Space Technologies Research Institute|TÜBİTAK UZAY]])</small>
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flag|Ukraine}}
|{{dts|25 January 2008}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nkau.gov.ua/nsau/newsnsau.nsf/HronolE/54F1C600559E994CC22573DB00489EE7?OpenDocument&Lang=E |title=A cooperation agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the European Space Agency was signed in Paris |access-date=25 January 2008 |publisher=[[State Space Agency of Ukraine]] |archive-date=2 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202043812/http://www.nkau.gov.ua/nsau/newsnsau.nsf/HronolE/54F1C600559E994CC22573DB00489EE7?OpenDocument&Lang=E |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|[[State Space Agency of Ukraine|SSAU]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flag|Israel}}
|{{dts|30 January 2011}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Israel_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |title=Israel signs Cooperation Agreement |access-date=6 September 2014 |date=31 January 2011 |work=ESA.int |archive-date=11 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911215419/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/Israel_signs_Cooperation_Agreement |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|[[Israeli Space Agency|ISA]]
|-
! scope="row" |{{Flag|Mexico}}
||{{dts|14 February 2023}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=ESA signs Cooperation Agreement with Mexico |url=https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/ESA_signs_Cooperation_Agreement_with_Mexico |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=www.esa.int |language=en |archive-date=13 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113122543/https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/ESA_signs_Cooperation_Agreement_with_Mexico |url-status=live }}</ref>
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|{{N/A}}
|[[Agencia Espacial Mexicana|AEM]]
|}

During the Ministerial Meeting in December 2014, ESA ministers approved a resolution calling for discussions to begin with Israel, Australia and South Africa on future association agreements. The ministers noted that "concrete cooperation is at an advanced stage" with these nations and that "prospects for mutual benefits are existing".<ref name="parabolicarc.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.parabolicarc.com/2014/12/03/esa-expansion-deepening-international-cooperation/ |title=ESA Looks Toward Expansion, Deeper International Cooperation |website=Parabolicarc.com |date=3 December 2014 |access-date=20 August 2017 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010235407/http://www.parabolicarc.com/2014/12/03/esa-expansion-deepening-international-cooperation/ |url-status=live |last1=Messier |first1=Doug }}</ref>

A separate space exploration strategy resolution calls for further co-operation with the United States, Russia and China on "[[Low earth orbit|LEO]] exploration, including a continuation of [[International Space Station|ISS]] cooperation and the development of a robust plan for the coordinated use of space transportation vehicles and systems for exploration purposes, participation in robotic missions for the exploration of the Moon, the robotic exploration of Mars, leading to a broad Mars Sample Return mission in which Europe should be involved as a full partner, and human missions beyond LEO in the longer term."<ref name="parabolicarc.com"/>

In August 2019, the ESA and the [[Australian Space Agency]] signed a joint statement of intent "to explore deeper cooperation and identify projects in a range of areas including deep space, communications, navigation, remote asset management, [[data analytics]] and mission support."<ref name="Australia ESA Framework">{{cite web |url=http://www.parabolicarc.com/2019/08/25/esa-australian-space-agency-sign-cooperation-agreement/ |title=ESA, Australian Space Agency Sign Cooperation Agreement |website=Parabolicarc.com |date=25 August 2019 |access-date=6 December 2021 |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206202421/http://www.parabolicarc.com/2019/08/25/esa-australian-space-agency-sign-cooperation-agreement/ |url-status=live |last1=Messier |first1=Doug }}</ref> Details of the cooperation were laid out in a [[framework agreement]] signed by the two entities.

On 17 November 2020, ESA signed a [[memorandum of understanding]] (MOU) with the [[South African National Space Agency]] (SANSA). SANSA CEO Dr. Valanathan Munsami tweeted: "Today saw another landmark event for SANSA with the signing of an MoU with the ESA. This builds on initiatives that we have been discussing for a while already and which gives effect to these. Thanks Jan for your hand of friendship and making this possible."<ref name="SANSA ESA Framework">{{cite web |url=https://africanews.space/south-african-national-space-agency-signs-mou-with-european-space-agency/ |title=South African National Space Agency Signs MoU with European Space Agency |website=africanews.space |date=17 November 2020 |access-date=6 December 2021 |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206203602/https://africanews.space/south-african-national-space-agency-signs-mou-with-european-space-agency/ |url-status=live }}</ref>