Editing Eating disorder (section)

=== Celiac disease ===
People with [[gastrointestinal disease|gastrointestinal disorders]] may be more risk of developing disordered eating practices than the general population, principally restrictive eating disturbances.<ref name="SatherleyHoward2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Satherley R, Howard R, Higgs S |title=Disordered eating practices in gastrointestinal disorders |journal=Appetite |volume=84 |pages=240–50 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25312748 |doi=10.1016/j.appet.2014.10.006 |s2cid=25805182 |type=Review |url=http://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/18572989/Satherley_Disordered_eating_practices_gastrointestinal_disorders_Appetite_2014.pdf |access-date=2019-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924082720/http://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/18572989/Satherley_Disordered_eating_practices_gastrointestinal_disorders_Appetite_2014.pdf |archive-date=2019-09-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref> An association of [[anorexia nervosa]] with [[celiac disease]] has been found.<ref name="BernOBrien2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bern EM, O'Brien RF |title=Is it an eating disorder, gastrointestinal disorder, or both? |journal=Current Opinion in Pediatrics |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=463–70 |date=August 2013 |pmid=23838835 |doi=10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362d1ad |s2cid=5417088 | type = Review | quote = Several case reports brought attention to the association of anorexia nervosa and celiac disease.(...) Some patients present with the eating disorder prior to diagnosis of celiac disease and others developed anorexia nervosa after the diagnosis of celiac disease. Healthcare professionals should screen for celiac disease with eating disorder symptoms especially with gastrointestinal symptoms, weight loss, or growth failure.(...) Celiac disease patients may present with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, weight loss, vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, constipation, bloating, and distension due to malabsorption. Extraintestinal presentations include anemia, osteoporosis, dermatitis herpetiformis, short stature, delayed puberty, fatigue, aphthous stomatitis, elevated transaminases, neurologic problems, or dental enamel hypoplasia.(...) it has become clear that symptomatic and diagnosed celiac disease is the tip of the iceberg; the remaining 90% or more of children are asymptomatic and undiagnosed.}}</ref> The role that gastrointestinal symptoms play in the development of eating disorders seems rather complex. Some authors report that unresolved symptoms prior to gastrointestinal disease diagnosis may create a food aversion in these persons, causing alterations to their eating patterns. Other authors report that greater symptoms throughout their diagnosis led to greater risk. It has been documented that some people with celiac disease, [[irritable bowel syndrome]] or [[inflammatory bowel disease]] who are not conscious about the importance of strictly following their diet, choose to consume their trigger foods to promote weight loss. On the other hand, individuals with good dietary management may develop anxiety, food aversion and eating disorders because of concerns around cross contamination of their foods.<ref name=SatherleyHoward2015 /> Some authors suggest that medical professionals should evaluate the presence of an unrecognized celiac disease in all people with eating disorder, especially if they present any gastrointestinal symptom (such as decreased appetite, abdominal pain, bloating, distension, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation), weight loss, or growth failure; and also routinely ask celiac patients about weight or body shape concerns, dieting or vomiting for weight control, to evaluate the possible presence of eating disorders,<ref name=BernOBrien2013 /> specially in women.<ref name="QuickByrdBredbenner2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Quick VM, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Neumark-Sztainer D |title=Chronic illness and disordered eating: a discussion of the literature |journal=Advances in Nutrition |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=277–86 |date=May 2013 |pmid=23674793 |pmc=3650496 |doi=10.3945/an.112.003608 |type=Review}}</ref>