Editing Dumfries (section)

==Geography and climate==
===Locality===
[[File:River Nith.jpg|thumb|River Nith]]

Like the rest of Dumfries and Galloway, of Scotland's three major geographical areas Dumfries lies in the [[Southern Uplands]]. The river Nith runs through Dumfries toward the Solway Firth in a southwards direction splitting the town into East and West. At low tide, the sea recedes to such an extent on the shallow sloping sands of the Solway that the length of the Nith is extended by 13&nbsp;km to {{convert|113.8|km|mi|abbr=on}}. This makes the Nith Scotland's seventh longest river. There are several bridges across the river within the town. In between the Devorgilla Bridge (also known as 'The Old Bridge') and the suspension bridge is a [[weir]] colloquially known as 'The Caul'. In wetter months of the year the Nith can flood the surrounding streets. The Whitesands has flooded on average once a year since 1827.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-south-scotland-66867199 | title=The Dumfries street that has flooded more than 200 times | work=BBC News | date=2 October 2023 }}</ref>

Dumfries has numerous suburbs including [[Summerhill, Dumfries|Summerhill]], Summerville, Troqueer, Georgetown, Cresswell, Larchfield, Calside, Lochside, Lincluden, [[Newbridge Drive]], Sandside, [[Heathhall]], [[Locharbriggs]], Noblehill and Marchmount. [[Maxwelltown]] to the west of the river Nith, was formerly a burgh in its own right within [[Kirkcudbrightshire]] until its incorporation into Dumfries in 1929; Summerhill, Troqueer, Lochside, Lincluden, Sandside are among other suburbs located on the Maxwelltown side of the river. [[Palmerston Park]], home to the town's senior football team [[Queen of the South F.C.|Queen of the South]], is on Terregles Street, also on the Maxwelltown side of the river.

Queensberry Square and High Street are the central focal points of the town and this area hosts many of the historical, social and commercial enterprises and events of Dumfries. During the 1990s, these areas enjoyed various aesthetic recognitions from organisations including [[Britain in Bloom]].

===Weather and climate trends===

As with the rest of the [[British Isles]], Dumfries experiences a [[maritime climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Cfb]]) with cool summers and mild winters. It is one of the less snowy locations in Scotland owing to its sheltered, low lying position in the South West of the country. From 2 July 1908 the town held the record for the highest temperature reading in Scotland, {{convert|32.8|C|F}} until being surpassed in [[Greycrook]] on 9 August 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1908 temperature |url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/ws/print.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103082750/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/ws/print.html |archive-date=3 November 2013 |access-date=30 January 2013 |publisher=[[UKMO]]}}</ref> Its southerly latitude makes little difference to the average annual temperatures compared to more northerly coastal parts of Scotland. This is due to strong maritime influence from the [[Irish Sea]] cooling down summers due to frequent cloudy weather and cool water temperatures. There are plenty of higher areas to Dumfries' west, but even so those seldom allow warm air to stay untouched.

{{Weather box
|location = Dumfries 49m asl, 1991–2020, extremes 1951–1980
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 14.3
|Feb record high C = 13.3
|Mar record high C = 17.8
|Apr record high C = 19.3
|May record high C = 25.2
|Jun record high C = 28.3
|Jul record high C = 32.8
|Aug record high C = 28.6
|Sep record high C = 25.6
|Oct record high C = 22.8
|Nov record high C = 15.6
|Dec record high C = 13.9
|year record high C = 32.8
|Jan high C = 7.0
|Feb high C = 7.7
|Mar high C = 9.6
|Apr high C = 12.2
|May high C = 15.7
|Jun high C = 17.9
|Jul high C = 19.7
|Aug high C = 19.2
|Sep high C = 17.1
|Oct high C = 13.4
|Nov high C = 9.8
|Dec high C = 7.3
|year high C = 13.1
|Jan mean C = 4.4
|Feb mean C = 4.8
|Mar mean C = 6.3
|Apr mean C = 8.4
|May mean C = 11.4
|Jun mean C = 13.9
|Jul mean C = 15.7
|Aug mean C = 15.3
|Sep mean C = 13.4
|Oct mean C = 10.0
|Nov mean C = 6.9
|Dec mean C = 4.6
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = 1.8
|Feb low C = 1.9
|Mar low C = 2.9
|Apr low C = 4.5
|May low C = 7.0
|Jun low C = 9.8
|Jul low C = 11.6
|Aug low C = 11.4
|Sep low C = 9.6
|Oct low C = 6.6
|Nov low C = 3.9
|Dec low C = 1.8
|year low C = 6.1
|Jan record low C = −13.9
|Feb record low C = −11.1
|Mar record low C = −12.2
|Apr record low C = −3.9
|May record low C = −2.2
|Jun record low C = 0.6
|Jul record low C = 2.8
|Aug record low C = 2.2
|Sep record low C = -1.1
|Oct record low C = -3.9
|Nov record low C = −9.0
|Dec record low C = −10.6
|year record low C = −13.9
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 121.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 98.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 86.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 67.0
|May precipitation mm = 69.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 79.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 82.9
|Aug precipitation mm = 96.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 90.7
|Oct precipitation mm = 126.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 130.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 132.3
|year precipitation mm = 
|Jan sun = 47.0
|Feb sun = 72.1
|Mar sun = 102.6
|Apr sun = 149.0
|May sun = 185.8
|Jun sun = 147.2
|Jul sun = 151.0
|Aug sun = 146.4
|Sep sun = 115.1
|Oct sun = 90.5
|Nov sun = 59.3
|Dec sun = 43.8
|year sun = 1309.8
|source 1 = [[Met Office]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dumfries 1991–2020 averages |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gcv3mcrf9|access-date=5 November 2011 |publisher=[[Met Office]]}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[ScotClim]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dumfries 1951–1980 extremes |url=http://www.weather.org.uk/climate/scotclim.html |access-date=5 November 2011 |publisher=www.weather.org.uk}}</ref>
|date=November 2011
}}