Editing Diphthong (section)

====English====
{{See also|International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects}}

In words coming from [[Middle English]], most cases of the Modern English diphthongs {{IPA|[aɪ̯, oʊ̯, eɪ̯, aʊ̯]}} originate from the Middle English long monophthongs {{IPA|[iː, ɔː, aː, uː]}} through the [[Great Vowel Shift]], although some cases of {{IPA|[oʊ̯, eɪ̯]}} originate from the [[Middle English phonology#Diphthongs|Middle English diphthongs]] {{IPA|[ɔu̯, aɪ̯]}}.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+Standard English diphthongs
! rowspan="2"|
! rowspan="2"|English<br />[[diaphoneme]]
! rowspan="2"|[[Received Pronunciation|RP]] ([[British English|British]])
! rowspan="2"|[[Australian English|Australian]]
! rowspan="2"|[[South-West Irish English|S.W. Irish]]
! colspan="2"|North American
|-
! [[General American|GenAm]]
! [[Canadian English|Canadian]]
|- align="center"
|''l'''ow''''' || {{IPA|//oʊ//}} || {{IPA|[əʉ̯]}} || {{IPA|[ɜʉ̯~ɐʉ̯]}} 
| {{IPA|[oː]}}|| colspan="2"| {{IPA|[o̞ʊ̯~ʌʊ̯~ɔʊ̯~o̞]}}
|- align="center"
|''l'''ou'''d'' || rowspan="2"|{{IPA|//aʊ//}} || rowspan="2"|{{IPA|[aʊ̯]}} || rowspan="2"|{{IPA|[æɔ̯]}} 
|rowspan="2"|{{IPA|[ɐʊ̯~ʌʊ̯]}}|| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|[aʊ̯~æʊ̯]}}<ref group=t2 name=pitt>In [[Pittsburgh English]], {{IPA|/aʊ̯/}} is monophthongal {{IPA|[aː]}}, leading to the stereotypical spelling "Dahntahn" for "downtown".</ref>|| {{IPA|[aʊ̯~æʊ̯]}}
|- align="center"
|''l'''ou'''t'' 
| {{IPA|[ʌʊ̯]}}<ref group="t2" name="ce1">Canadian English and some dialects of northern American English exhibit [[Allophone|allophony]] of {{IPA|/aʊ̯/}} and {{IPA|/aɪ̯/}} called [[Canadian raising]] – in some places they have become separate phonemes. GA has raising to a lesser extent in {{IPA|/aɪ̯/}}.</ref>
|- align="center"
|''l'''ie'''d'' || rowspan="2"| {{IPA|//aɪ//}} || rowspan="2"| {{IPA|[ɑ̈ɪ̯~ʌ̞ɪ̯]}} ||rowspan="2" |{{IPA|[ɑ̟e̯~ɑe̯]}} 
|rowspan="2"|{{IPA|[æɪ̯~ɐɪ̯]}} || colspan="2"| {{IPA|[äɪ̯~ɑɪ̯]}}<ref group=t2 name=sus>In several American dialects such as [[Southern American English]], {{IPA|/aɪ̯/}} becomes monophthongal [aː] except before voiceless consonants.</ref>
|- align="center"
|''l'''igh'''t'' 
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|[ʌɪ̯~ɜɪ̯~ɐɪ̯]}}<ref group=t2 name=ce1/>
|- align="center"
|''l'''ay''''' || {{IPA|//eɪ//}} || {{IPA|[e̞ɪ̯~ɛɪ̯]}} || {{IPA|[æɪ̯~ɐɪ̯]}} 
| {{IPA|[eː]}}|| colspan="2"| {{IPA|[eɪ̯~e]}}
|- align="center"
|''l'''oi'''n'' || {{IPA|//ɔɪ//}} || {{IPA|[oɪ̯~ɔ̝ɪ̯]}} || {{IPA|[oɪ̯]}} 
| {{IPA|[əɪ̯~ɑɪ̯]}}|| colspan="2"| {{IPA|[ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯]}}
|- align="center"
|''l'''oo'''n'' || {{IPA|/uː/}}<ref group=t2 name=md4>The erstwhile monophthongs {{IPA|/iː/}} and {{IPA|/uː/}} are diphthongized in many dialects. In many cases they might be better transcribed as {{IPA|[uu̯]}} and {{IPA|[ii̯]}}, where the non-syllabic element is understood to be closer than the syllabic element. They are sometimes transcribed {{IPA|/uw/}} and {{IPA|/ij/}}.</ref> || {{IPA|[ʊ̈ʉ̯~ʉː~ɨ̞ɯ̯̈]}} || {{IPA|[ʊ̈ʉ̯]}} 
| {{IPA|[uː]}}|| {{IPA|[u̟~ʊu̯~ʉu̯~ɵu̯]}} || {{IPA|[ʉu̯]}} 
|- align="center"
|''l'''ea'''n'' || {{IPA|/iː/}}<ref group=t2 name=md4/> || {{IPA|[ɪi̯~iː]}} ||{{IPA|[ɪi̯~əi̯]}} 
| {{IPA|[iː]}}|| colspan="2"| {{IPA|[ɪi̯~i]}}
|- align="center"
|''l'''eer''''' || {{IPA|//ɪər//}} || {{IPA|[ɪ̞ː~ëː~ɪə̯]}} || {{IPA|[ɪə̯~ɪː~iː~iə̯]}} 
| {{IPA|[iːɹ]}}|| colspan="2"| {{IPA|[ɪɹ~iɹ]}}
|- align="center"
|''l'''air''''' || {{IPA|//ɛər//}} || {{IPA|[ɛː~ɛə̯]}} ||{{IPA|[e̞ː~eː]}}
| {{IPA|[eːɹ]}}|| colspan="2" | {{IPA|[ɛɹ]}}
|- align="center"
|''l'''ure''''' || {{IPA|//ʊər//}} || {{IPA|[ɵː~ɤ̈ː, o̞ː]}} ||{{IPA|[ʊ̈ʉ̯ə, oː]}} 
| {{IPA|[uːɹ]}}|| colspan="2"| {{IPA|[ʊɹ~ɔɹ~oɹ]}}
|}
{{Reflist|group=t2}}