Editing Dallas (section)

==Demographics==

{{Main|Demographics of Dallas}}

{{US Census population
| 1850 = 1073
| 1860 = 698
| 1870 = 3000
| 1880 = 10358
| 1890 = 38069
| 1900 = 42639
| 1910 = 92104
| 1920 = 158976
| 1930 = 269475
| 1940 = 294734
| 1950 = 434462
| 1960 = 679684
| 1970 = 844401
| 1980 = 904078
| 1990 = 1006977
| 2000 = 1188580
| 2010 = 1197816
| 2020 = 1304379
| estyear = 2024
| estimate = 1326087
| estref = <ref name="k494">{{cite web | title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Dallas city, Texas | website=Census Bureau QuickFacts | date=2024-07-01 | url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/dallascitytexas/LFE041223 | access-date=2025-05-15}}</ref>
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2016}}</ref><br />2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts"/>
}}

Dallas is the [[List of United States cities by population|ninth-most-populous city in the United States]] and [[List of cities in Texas by population|third in Texas]] after the cities of [[Houston]] and [[San Antonio]].<ref name="Infoplease-2023"/> Its metropolitan area encompasses one-quarter of the population of Texas, and is the largest in the Southern U.S. and [[List of Texas metropolitan areas|Texas]] followed by the [[Greater Houston|Greater Houston metropolitan area]]. At the [[2020 United States census]] the city of Dallas had 1,304,379 residents, an increase of 106,563 since the [[2010 United States Census|2010 United States census]].<ref name="American Factfinder-2020">{{Cite web |title=Community Facts: Dallas city, Texas |url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/cf/1.0/en/place/Dallas%20city,%20Texas/POPULATION/PEP_EST |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214004151/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/cf/1.0/en/place/Dallas%20city,%20Texas/POPULATION/PEP_EST |archive-date=February 14, 2020 |access-date=June 17, 2019 |website=American Factfinder |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |language=en-US |via=factfinder.census.gov}}</ref> However, as of July 1, 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau estimates that Dallas in first years since the 2020 census lost 4,835 people, leaving the city with a population of 1,299,544.<ref name="QuickFacts"/>

There were 524,498 households at the 2020 estimates,<ref name="US Census-2020">{{Cite web |title=ACS 2020 Social Characteristics |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20households&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSDP5Y2020.DP02 |access-date=February 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> up from 2010's 458,057 households, out of which 137,523 had children under the age of 18 living with them.<ref name="US Census-2020a">{{Cite web |title=ACS 2020 Households and Families Estimates |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20households&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1101 |access-date=February 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately 36.2% of households were headed by married couples living together, 57.2% had a single householder male or female with no spouse present, and 35.6% were classified as non-family households with the householder living alone.<ref name="US Census-2020" /> In 2010, 33.7% of all households had one or more people under 18 years of age, and 17.6% had one or more people who were 65 years of age or older. The average household size in 2020 was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.41.<ref name="US Census-2020a" /> In 2018, the owner-occupied housing rate was 40.2% and the renter-occupied housing rate was 59.8%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACS 2018 Housing Characteristics |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20owner-occupied%20housing%20rate&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSDP1Y2018.DP04&t=Housing&layer=place |access-date=February 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> At the 2010 census, the city's age distribution of the population showed 26.5% under the age of 18 and 8.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.8 years. In 2010, 50.0% of the population was male and 50.0% was female.<ref name="Census 20102">{{cite web |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Dallas city, Texas |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=January 12, 2012 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> In 2020, the median age 32.9 years; for every 100 females, there were 98.4 males.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACS 2020 Age and Sex Estimates |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20median%20age&t=Age%20and%20Sex&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S0101 |access-date=February 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

According to the 2020 [[American Community Survey]], the median income for a household in the city was $54,747; families had a median household income of $60,895; married-couple families $81,761; and non-families $45,658.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACS 2020 Income Estimates |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20median%20income&t=Income%20%28Households,%20Families,%20Individuals%29&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1901 |access-date=February 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> In 2003–2007's survey, male full-time workers had a median income of $32,265 versus $32,402 for female full-time workers. The per capita income for the city was $25,904. About 18.7% of families and 21.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.6% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those aged 65 or over. Per 2007's survey, the median price for a house was $129,600;<ref name="quickfacts.census.gov2">{{cite web |author=United States Census Bureau |title=Dallas (city) QuickFacts from the U.S. Census Bureau |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4819000.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131118233505/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4819000.html |archive-date=November 18, 2013 |access-date=November 13, 2013 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> by 2020, the median price for a house was valued at $252,300, with 54.4% of owner-occupied units from $50,000 to $299,999.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACS 2020 Characteristics For Households With Mortgages |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20home%20value&t=Income%20(Households,%20Families,%20Individuals)&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S2506 |access-date=June 2, 2022 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

The 2022 [[Point-In-Time Count|Point-In-Time]] Homeless Count found there were 4,410 [[Homelessness|homeless]] people in Dallas.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-27 |title=Dallas' mayor right to put homeless strategy under a microscope |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/2023/02/26/dallas-mayor-right-to-put-homeless-strategy-under-a-microscope/ |access-date=2023-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227130733/https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/2023/02/26/dallas-mayor-right-to-put-homeless-strategy-under-a-microscope/ |archive-date=February 27, 2023 }}</ref><ref name="Troisi-2022">{{Cite web |title=Metro Dallas Homeless Alliance Continuum of Care 2022 Homeless Count & Survey Independent Analysis |url=https://housingforwardntx.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/FINAL-2022-PIT-Document-7.19.22-final.pdf |access-date=}}</ref> According to the Metro Dallas Homeless Alliance Continuum of Care 2022 Homeless Count & Survey Independent Analysis, "approximately 1 of 3 (31%) those experiencing homelessness were found on the streets or in other places not meant for human habitation."<ref name="Troisi-2022" />

The region surrounding Dallas is a habitat for mosquitoes, creating a pest problem for humans. Dallas and the surrounding area is sprayed regularly to control mosquito-borne diseases such as [[West Nile virus]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Stacia |date=June 9, 2023 |title=City of Dallas getting set for spraying after several positive West Nile virus samples |url=https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/city-of-dallas-getting-set-mosqutio-spraying-several-positive-west-nile-virus-samples/287-b04348b1-17ce-4c4c-a36f-1f636b130700}}</ref>

=== Race and ethnicity ===

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Racial composition 
!2020<ref name="US Census-2022">{{Cite web|title= P2 Hisapnic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4819000&y=2020&d=DEC%20Redistricting%20Data%20%28PL%2094-171%29&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=May 7, 2022|website=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref>!! 2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4819000.html|title=Dallas (city), Texas|work=State & County QuickFacts|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131118233505/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4819000.html|archive-date=November 18, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>!! 1990<ref name="census1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html|title=Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html|archive-date=August 12, 2012|url-status=dead|access-date=December 18, 2011}}</ref>!! 1970<ref name="census1" />!! 1950<ref name="census1" />
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race) 
|42.3%||42.4% ||20.9% ||7.5%{{efn|name="fifteen"}}||n/a
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic whites|White (non-Hispanic)]]
|28.1%||28.8% ||47.7% ||66.9%{{efn|name="fifteen"|From 15% sample}}||n/a
|-
|[[African American|Black or African American]]
|22.9%||24.7% ||29.5% ||24.9% ||13.1%
|-
|[[Asian American|Asian]]
|3.7%||2.9% ||2.2% ||0.2% ||–
|}
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- Dallas (5559904955).png|thumb|Map of racial distribution in Dallas, 2010 U.S. census. Each dot is 25 people: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ff0000|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#0000ff|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#00ffaa|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffff07|Other}}]]
Dallas's population was historically predominantly White (non-Hispanic Whites made up 82.8% of the population in 1930),<ref name="census12">{{cite web |title=Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 |access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> but its population has diversified due to immigration and [[white flight]] over the 20th century. Since then, the non-Hispanic White population has declined to less than one-third of the city's population.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cordell, Dennis D., Southern Methodist University (Dallas) and Garcia y Griego, Manuel, University of Texas at Arlington, "The Integration of Nigerian and Mexican immigrants in Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas", working paper, 2005 |url=http://iussp2005.princeton.edu/download.aspx?submissionId=51068 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720030824/http://iussp2005.princeton.edu/download.aspx?submissionId=51068 |archive-date=July 20, 2011 |access-date=August 14, 2010}}</ref> According to the 2010 U.S. census, 50.7% of the population was White (28.8% non-Hispanic White), 24.8% was Black or African American, 0.7% [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian]] and [[Alaska Natives|Alaska Native]], 2.9% Asian, and 2.6% from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]]; 42.4% of the total population was of Hispanic or Latino American origin (they may be of any race).<ref>{{cite web |title=Dallas (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4819000.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506223734/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4819000.html |archive-date=May 6, 2013 |access-date=May 11, 2013 |publisher=Quickfacts.census.gov}}</ref>

At the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]]'s 2019 estimates, 29.1% were [[Non-Hispanic Whites|non-Hispanic White]] 24.3% Black and African American, 0.3% American Indian or Alaska Native, 3.7% Asian, and 1.4% from two or more races.<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Community Survey 2019 Demographic Estimates |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20population&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSDP1Y2019.DP05&hidePreview=false |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811112513/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20population&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSDP1Y2019.DP05&hidePreview=false |archive-date=August 11, 2021 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Native Hawaiians|Native Hawaiian]] and [[Pacific Islander|other Pacific Islanders]] made up a total of 312 residents according to 2019's census estimates, down from 606 in 2017.<ref name="US Census-2019">{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=March 28, 2019 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |language=en}}</ref> Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race made up 41.2% of the estimated population in 2019. Among the Hispanic or Latino American population in 2019, 34.6% of Dallas was [[Mexican Americans|Mexican]], 0.4% [[Puerto Rican people|Puerto Rican]], 0.2% [[Cuban Americans|Cuban]] and 6.0% other Hispanic or Latino American. In 2017's American Community Survey estimates among the demographic 35.5% were Mexican, 0.6% Puerto Rican, 0.4% Cuban, and 5.4% other Hispanic or Latino.<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Community Survey 2017 Demographic Estimates |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20population&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSDP1Y2017.DP05&hidePreview=false |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> By 2020, Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race continued to constitute the largest ethnic group in the city proper,<ref name="US Census-2022" /> reflecting nationwide demographic trends.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Ura |first1=Alexa |last2=Kao |first2=Jason |last3=Astudillo |first3=Carla |last4=Essig |first4=Chris |date=August 12, 2021 |title=People of color make up 95% of Texas' population growth, and cities and suburbs are booming, 2020 census shows |url=https://www.texastribune.org/2021/08/12/texas-2020-census/ |access-date=June 2, 2022 |website=The Texas Tribune |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Passel |first1=Jeffrey S. |last2=Lopez |first2=Mark Hugo |last3=Cohn |first3=D'Vera |title=U.S. Hispanic population continued its geographic spread in the 2010s |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/02/03/u-s-hispanic-population-continued-its-geographic-spread-in-the-2010s/ |access-date=June 2, 2022 |website=Pew Research Center |date=February 3, 2022 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Frey |first=William H. |date=July 1, 2020 |title=The nation is diversifying even faster than predicted, according to new census data |url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/new-census-data-shows-the-nation-is-diversifying-even-faster-than-predicted/ |access-date=June 2, 2022 |website=Brookings |language=en-US}}</ref>

The Dallas area is a major living destination for [[Mexican Americans]] and other Hispanic and Latino American immigrants. The southwestern portion of the city, particularly [[Oak Cliff]] is chiefly inhabited by Hispanic and Latino American residents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schutze |first=Jim |date=March 17, 2015 |title=Mexicans Saved Oak Cliff While They Saved American Cities. Bikos Came Later. |url=https://www.dallasobserver.com/news/mexicans-saved-oak-cliff-while-they-saved-american-cities-bikos-came-later-7126267 |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=Dallas Observer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 5, 2019 |title=How Latino immigrants saved Oak Cliff: new book explores immigrants' contributions to Dallas |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/arts-entertainment/books/2019/12/05/how-latino-immigrants-saved-oak-cliff-new-book-explores-immigrants-contributions-to-dallas/ |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=Dallas News |language=en}}</ref> The southeastern portion of the city [[Pleasant Grove, Dallas, Texas|Pleasant Grove]] is chiefly inhabited by African American and Hispanic or Latino American residents, while the [[South Dallas|southern portion]] of the city is predominantly black.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Perez|first=Miguel |date=January 8, 2020 |title=Dallas neighborhood established by freed slaves fights to keep its history alive |url=https://www.texastribune.org/2020/01/08/dallas-historically-black-neighborhood-tenth-street-history-preservati/ |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=The Texas Tribune |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=South Dallas |url=https://blacksindallas.com/southdallas/ |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=BlacksInDallas.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The west and east sides of the city are predominantly Hispanic or Latino American; [[Garland, Texas|Garland]] also has a large Spanish-speaking population. [[North Dallas]] has many enclaves of predominantly white, black and especially Hispanic or Latino American residents.

The Dallas area is also a major living destination for Black and African Americans primarily due to its strong and diverse economy.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-magazine/2012/may/why-young-black-professionals-are-wary-of-dallas/ | title=Why Young Black Professionals Are Wary of Dallas | date=April 18, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2011/02/16/census-estimates-indicate-blacks-in-us-moving-south-for-better-jobs/26415661007/ | title=Census Estimates Indicate Blacks in U.S. Moving South for Better Jobs }}</ref> Between 2010 and 2020, the Dallas area had the second-most new Black and African American residents only behind the [[Atlanta metropolitan area|Atlanta area]] and slightly above the Houston area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/a-new-great-migration-is-bringing-black-americans-back-to-the-south/|title=A 'New Great Migration' is bringing Black Americans back to the South|first=William|last=H. Frey|date=September 12, 2022|website=brookings.edu}}
</ref> The notable influx of African Americans is partly due to the [[New Great Migration]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2017 |title=The New Black South |url=https://www.governing.com/gov-new-black-south.html |access-date=June 29, 2020 |website=Governing.com |language=en |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729031923/https://www.governing.com/gov-new-black-south.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> There is a significant number of people from the [[Horn of Africa]], immigrants from [[Ethiopian Americans|Ethiopia]], [[Eritrean Americans|Eritrea]] and [[Somali Americans|Somalia]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reiss |first=Sarah |title=How Dallas Got So Many Ethiopian Restaurants |url=https://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-magazine/2011/june/how-dallas-got-so-many-ethiopian-restaurants/ |access-date=June 2, 2022 |website=D Magazine |date=May 25, 2011 |language=en-US}}</ref>

The Dallas–Fort-Worth metroplex had an estimated 70,000 Russian-speakers (as of November 6, 2012) mostly immigrants from the former [[Soviet Bloc]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 18, 2017 |title=70,000 Russian-speakers in Dallas, According to Mayor of Dallas |language=en-US |work=Russian Dallas – Руский Даллас |url=http://www.dallastelegraph.com/70000-russian-speakers-dallas-accordding-mayor-dallas/ |access-date=April 18, 2017}}</ref> Included in this population are [[Russian Americans|Russians]], [[History of the Jews in Russia|Russian Jews]], [[Ukrainian Americans|Ukrainians]], [[Belarusian Americans|Belarusians]], [[Moldovan Americans|Moldavians]], [[Uzbek Americans|Uzbek]], [[Kyrgyz people|Kirghiz]], and others. The Russian-speaking population of Dallas has continued to grow in the sector of "American husbands-Russian wives". Russian DFW has its own newspaper, ''The Dallas Telegraph''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2012 |title=About ⋆ Russian Dallas - Русский Даллас |url=https://www.dallastelegraph.com/about/ |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=Russian Dallas - Русский Даллас |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 1, 2018 |title=Dallas couple tell what it's like being Russian in America |url=https://cw33.com/news/what-its-like-being-a-russian-speaker-in-america/ |access-date=September 16, 2020 |website=CW33 Dallas / Ft. Worth |language=en-US}}</ref>

In addition, Dallas and its suburbs are home to a large number of Asian Americans including those of [[Indian Americans|Indian]], [[Vietnamese Americans|Vietnamese]], [[Chinese Americans|Chinese]], [[Korean Americans|Korean]], [[Filipino Americans|Filipino]], [[Japanese Americans|Japanese]], and other heritage.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dallas Population and Demographics |url=http://dallas.areaconnect.com/statistics.htm |access-date=November 21, 2016 |publisher=areaconnect.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Schnyder |first1=Mark |title=Asian-American Growth Steady in North Texas |url=http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Asian-American-Growth-Steady-in-North-Texas-259670561.html |access-date=November 21, 2016 |website=nbcdfw.com |date=May 17, 2014 }}</ref> Among large-sized cities in the United States, [[Plano, Texas|Plano]], the northern suburb of Dallas, has the [[List of U.S. cities with significant Chinese-American populations#Large-sized cities|6th largest Chinese American population]] as of 2016. The Plano-Richardson area in particular had an estimated 30,000 [[Iranian Americans]] in 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=IRANIAN COMMUNITY IN NORTH TEXAS |url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/texasbaptists/intercultural-ministry/IRANIAN-COMMUNITY-IN-NORTH-TEXAS.pdf |access-date=October 19, 2020 |website=S3.amazonaws.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Mobasher |first1=Mohsen M. |title=Iranians in Texas |publisher=University of Texas Press |year=2012 |isbn=9780292728592 |doi=10.7560/728592 |jstor=10.7560/728592|s2cid=249229343 }}</ref> With so many immigrant groups, there are often multilingual signs in the [[linguistic landscape]]. According to U.S. Census Bureau data released in December 2013, 23 percent of Dallas County residents were foreign-born, while 16 percent of Tarrant County residents were foreign-born.<ref>Corrie Maclaggan, [https://www.texastribune.org/2014/01/02/increasing-share-foreign-born-residents-texas/ Share of Foreign-Born Texans Growing], ''Texas Tribune'' (January 2, 2014).</ref> The 2018 census estimates determined that the city of Dallas's foreign-born population consisted of 25.4% naturalized citizens and 74.6% non-citizens.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACS 2018 Foreign-Born Statistics |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Dallas%20city,%20Texas%20foreign-born&g=1600000US4819000&tid=ACSST1Y2018.S0502&t=Foreign%20born&layer=place&vintage=2018 |access-date=February 16, 2020 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

=== Sexual orientation and gender identity ===
{{main| LGBT culture in Dallas–Fort Worth|LGBT rights in Texas}}
[[File:Oak Lawn, Dallas, Texas.jpg|thumb|Oak Lawn, nicknamed the "[[Gayborhood]]" of Dallas]]
Recognized for having one of the largest [[LGBT|lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT)]] populations in the nation, Dallas and the Metroplex are widely noted for being home to a vibrant and diverse [[LGBT community]].<ref name="Lindsey-2019">{{cite web|url=https://www.visitdallas.com/about/diverse-dallas/-lgbt.html |title=About Dallas LGBT Community |publisher=Visit Dallas |access-date=April 25, 2019 | website = www.visitdallas.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Mark|date=October 24, 2016|title=Fort Worth, Dallas get perfect score in LGBT inclusiveness|url=https://www.star-telegram.com/news/local/fort-worth/article110091502.html|access-date=June 28, 2020|website=[[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]]}}</ref> Throughout the year there are many well-established but quite small compared to other cities LGBT events held in the area, most notably the annual Alan Ross Texas Freedom (Pride) Parade and Festival in June which draws approximately 50,000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dallasvoice.com/decision-is-made-pride-festival-is-moving-to-fair-park/|title=Decision is made: Pride festival is moving to Fair Park|date=November 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.dallasnews.com/news/metro/20140921-dallas-annual-gay-pride-parade-draws-thousands-spreads-the-love.ece | title = Dallas' annual gay pride parade draws thousands, spreads the love | newspaper = [[The Dallas Morning News]] | date = September 21, 2014 | first = Meredith | last = Shamburger | access-date = August 27, 2017 | archive-date = April 30, 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160430175837/http://www.dallasnews.com/news/metro/20140921-dallas-annual-gay-pride-parade-draws-thousands-spreads-the-love.ece | url-status = dead }}</ref> For decades, the [[Oak Lawn, Dallas|Oak Lawn]] and [[Bishop Arts District|Bishop Arts]] districts have been known as the epicenters of [[LGBT culture]] in Dallas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visitdallas.com/about/diverse-dallas/-lgbt.html |title=LGBT |access-date=January 24, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708145524/http://www.visitdallas.com/about/diverse-dallas/-lgbt.html |archive-date=July 8, 2016 }}</ref>

===Religion===
{{bar box|title=Religious affiliation (2020)<ref>{{cite web|date=August 11, 2021|title=PRRI – American Values Atlas|publisher=[[Public Religion Research Institute]]|url=https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/MetroAreas/religion/m/8|access-date=October 28, 2022|archive-date=April 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404161714/https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/MetroAreas/religion/m/8|url-status=dead}}</ref>|titlebar=#ccf|background-color=#f8f9fa|float=right|bars={{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|darkblue|77}}
{{bar percent|[[Protestantism in the United States|Protestant]]|mediumblue|50}}
{{bar percent|[[Catholic Church in the United States|Catholic]]|mediumblue|24}}
{{bar percent|Other Christian|mediumblue|3}}
{{bar percent|Unaffiliated|purple|19}}
{{bar percent|[[Judaism in the United States|Jewish]]|lightgreen|1}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in the United States|Muslim]]|lightgreen|1}}
{{bar percent|Other faiths|lightgreen|2}}}}
{{multiple image
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| footer            = From top, left to right: [[Cathedral Santuario de Guadalupe]], [[Cathedral Church of Saint Matthew (Dallas)|St. Matthew's Cathedral]], [[First Baptist Church (Dallas)|First Baptist Church of Dallas]], [[Saint Seraphim (Orthodox) Cathedral|Saint Seraphim Cathedral]]
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[[Christianity]] is the most prevalently practiced religion in Dallas and the wider metropolitan area according to a 2014 study by the [[Pew Research Center]] (78%),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lipka |first=Michael |title=Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ |access-date=2022-10-26 |website=Pew Research Center |date=July 29, 2015 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |title=America's Changing Religious Landscape |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life |date=May 12, 2015}}</ref> and the [[Public Religion Research Institute]]'s 2020 study (77%).<ref>{{Cite web|title=PRRI – American Values Atlas|url=http://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/MetroAreas/religion/m/8|url-status=live|access-date=August 11, 2021|website=Public Religion Research Institute|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404161714/http://ava.prri.org/ |archive-date=April 4, 2017 }}</ref> There is a large [[Protestantism|Protestant]] Christian influence in the Dallas community, though the city of Dallas and Dallas County have more Catholic than Protestant residents, while the reverse is usually true for the suburban areas of Dallas and the city of Fort Worth.

Dallas has been called the "Prison Ministry Capital of the World" by the prison ministry community.<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 13, 2014|title=Religious Retirement Communities in Dallas|url=https://www.senioradvisor.com/blog/2014/07/faith-based-assisted-living-in-dallas/|access-date=September 16, 2020|website=SeniorAdvisor.com Blog|language=en-US}}</ref> It is a home for the [[International Network of Prison Ministries]], the Coalition of Prison Evangelists, Bill Glass Champions for Life, Chaplain Ray's International Prison Ministry, and 60 other prison ministries.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Prison Ministry Directory — International Network of Prison Ministries|url=http://prisonministry.net/app/Mins/event/showCity/country/United%20States/state/Texas/city/Dallas.html|access-date=June 30, 2018|website=prisonministry.net|language=en}}</ref>

[[Methodism|Methodist]], [[Baptist]], and [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] churches are prominent in many neighborhoods and anchor two of the city's major private universities ([[Southern Methodist University]] and [[Dallas Baptist University]]). Dallas is also home to two [[Evangelicalism|evangelical]] seminaries: the [[Dallas Theological Seminary]] and [[Criswell College]]. Many [[Bible college|Bible schools]] including [[Christ For The Nations Institute]] are also headquartered in the city. The [[Creationism|Christian creationist]] apologetics group [[Institute for Creation Research]] is headquartered in Dallas. According to the Pew Research Center, [[evangelical Protestantism]] constituted the largest form of Protestantism in the area as of 2014.<ref name="Pew Research-2020">{{Cite web|title=Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics|url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/dallasfort-worth-metro-area/|access-date=September 26, 2020|website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|language=en-US}}</ref> The largest single evangelical Protestant group were Baptists. The largest Baptist denomination was the [[Southern Baptist Convention]], followed by the [[Black church|historically black]] [[National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.|National Baptist Convention USA]].<ref name="Pew Research-2020" /> [[African-initiated church|African-initiated Protestant churches]] including [[P'ent'ay|Ethiopian Evangelical]] churches can be found throughout the metropolitan area.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 26, 2018|title=Local Ethiopian community finds a home in growing Garland church|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/faith/2018/05/26/local-ethiopian-community-finds-a-home-in-growing-garland-church/|access-date=September 26, 2020|website=Dallas News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ethiopian Evangelical Baptist Church gets new Texas site|url=https://www.news-journal.com/features/religion/ethiopian-evangelical-baptist-church-gets-new-texas-site/article_1e806b9e-69c2-11e8-945c-878ef1147c82.html|access-date=September 26, 2020|website=Longview News-Journal|date=June 6, 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Catholic Church]] is also a significant religious organization in the Dallas area and operates the [[University of Dallas]], a liberal-arts university in the Dallas suburb of Irving. The [[Cathedral Santuario de Guadalupe|Cathedral Santuario de la Virgen de Guadalupe]] in the [[Arts District, Dallas, Texas|Arts District]] is home to the second-largest Catholic church membership in the United States and overseas,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cathedralguadalupe.org/|title  =Cathedral Guadalupe |website=Cathedral Guadalupe|access-date=June 27, 2021|archive-date=June 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627112329/https://www.cathedralguadalupe.org/ |url-status=live}}</ref> consisting over 70 parishes in the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas|Dallas Diocese]]. The [[Society of Jesus]] operates the [[Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas]]. Dallas is also home to numerous [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] and [[Oriental Orthodoxy|Oriental Orthodox]] churches including [[Saint Seraphim (Orthodox) Cathedral|Saint Seraphim Cathedral]], see of the [[Orthodox Church in America]]'s [[Orthodox Church in America Diocese of the South|Southern Diocese]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.superpages.com/dallas-tx/orthodox-churches|title=Orthodox churches in Dallas, Texas |publisher=Superpages.com |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref> The [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America]] ([[Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople|Ecumenical Patriarchate]]) has one parish in the city of Dallas.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parishes - Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America|url=https://www.goarch.org/parishes|access-date=September 26, 2020|website=Goarch.org|language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Jehovah's Witnesses]] has a large number of members throughout the Dallas metropolitan division. In addition, there are several [[Unitarian Universalist]] congregations, including First Unitarian Church of Dallas, founded in 1899.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.dallasuu.org/our-stories/history/ | title = Our History | website = Dallasuu.org | publisher = First Unitarian Church of Dallas | access-date = June 20, 2019 | archive-date = November 23, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191123150149/https://www.dallasuu.org/our-stories/history/ | url-status = dead }}</ref> A large community of the [[United Church of Christ]] exists in the city. The most prominent UCC-affiliated church is the [[Cathedral of Hope (Dallas)|Cathedral of Hope]], a predominantly [[List of Christian denominations affirming LGBT|LGBT-affirming]] church.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Cathedral of Hope|url=https://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-magazine/2010/january/the-cathedral-of-hope/|access-date=June 29, 2020|website=D Magazine|date=January 13, 2010 |language=en}}</ref>

Since the establishment of the city's first Jewish cemetery in 1854 and its first congregation (which would eventually be known as [[Temple Emanu-El (Dallas, Texas)|Temple Emanu-El]]) in 1873, Dallasite Jews have been well represented among leaders in commerce, politics, and various professional fields in Dallas and elsewhere.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ornish|first=Natalie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0QJKDwAAQBAJ&q=dallasite+jew&pg=PR12|title=Pioneer Jewish Texans|date=September 1, 2011|publisher=Texas A&M University Press|isbn=978-1-60344-423-1|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Jews Who Built Dallas|url=https://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-magazine/2008/november/the-jews-who-built-dallas/|access-date=June 29, 2020|website=D Magazine|date=October 27, 2008 |language=en}}</ref> Furthermore, a large [[Islam|Muslim community]] exists in the north and northeastern portions of Dallas, as well as in the [[Islam in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|northern Dallas suburbs]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mosques and Islamic schools in Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas - Salatomatic - your guide to mosques & Islamic schools|url=https://www.salatomatic.com/sub/kpanEvSMHv|access-date=June 29, 2020|website=Salatomatic.com}}</ref> The oldest mosque in Dallas is Masjid Al-Islam just south of Downtown.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History – Masjid Al-Islam Dallas|url=https://masjidalislam.org/history/|access-date=June 29, 2020|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=April 30, 2020|title=Retiring imam has steered North Texas' oldest mosque on a path of social justice|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/inspired/2020/04/30/retiring-imam-has-steered-north-texas-oldest-mosque-on-a-path-of-social-justice/|access-date=June 29, 2020|website=Dallas News|language=en}}</ref>

Dallas has a large Buddhist community. Immigrants from [[East Asia]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[Nepal]], and [[Sri Lanka]] have all contributed to the Buddhist population, which is concentrated in the northern suburbs of [[Garland, Texas|Garland]], [[Plano, Texas|Plano]] and [[Richardson, Texas|Richardson]]. Numerous Buddhist temples dot the Metroplex including The Buddhist Center of Dallas, Lien Hoa Vietnamese Temple of Irving, and Kadampa Meditation Center Texas and Wat Buddhamahamunee of [[Arlington, Texas|Arlington]]. A large and growing Hindu Community lives in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. Most live in Collin County and the northern portions of Dallas County. Over 28 Hindu Temples exist in the area. Some notable ones include the DFW Hindu Temple, the [[North Texas Hindu Mandir]], [[Radha Krishna Temple, Dallas]] and [[Karya Siddhi Hanuman Temple]].<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2012/01/12/asian-indian-population-booming-in-dallas-fort-worth/|website = dallasnews|title = Asian Indian Population Booming in Dallas–Fort Worth|date = January 12, 2012|access-date = February 8, 2020}}</ref> There are also at least three [[Sikh]] [[Gurudwara]]s in this metropolitan area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sikhtempledallas.org/ |title=Sikh Temple of North Texas |publisher=Sikhtempledallas.org |access-date=May 23, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100411074616/http://www.sikhtempledallas.org/ |archive-date=April 11, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gurdwararichardson.org/ |title=Gurdwara Singh Sabha of North Texas, Richardson |publisher=Gurdwararichardson.org |access-date=May 23, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100417211406/http://www.gurdwararichardson.org/ |archive-date=April 17, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gurdwara.us/south.html |title=Sikh Gurdwaras in USA – Sikh Gurdwara in USA |publisher=Gurdwara.us |access-date=May 23, 2010}}</ref> For irreligious people, the Winter Solstice Celebration is held in the Metroplex although some of its participants are also [[Modern Paganism|neo-pagans]] and [[New Age]]rs.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DN-solstice_21met.ART0.North.Edition1.37a06fc.html | title = Dallas solstice celebration fills a void for the nonreligious | date = December 21, 2007 | first = Jeffrey | last = Weiss | access-date = December 21, 2007 | newspaper = [[The Dallas Morning News]] | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071225182354/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DN-solstice_21met.ART0.North.Edition1.37a06fc.html | archive-date = December 25, 2007}}</ref>

===Crime===

According to the FBI, a city to city comparison of crime rates can be misleading, because recording practices vary from city to city, citizens report different percentages of crimes from one city to the next, and the actual number of people physically present in a city is unknown.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fbi.gov/ucr/06prelim/ |title=Preliminary Annual Uniform Crime Report, January–December, 2006 |publisher=Fbi.gov |date=June 4, 2007 |access-date=May 23, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100114195803/http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/06prelim/ |archive-date=January 14, 2010}}</ref> With that in mind, Dallas has one of the top 10 crime rates in Texas and its crime rate is higher than the national average.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://kqvt.com/1-violent-texas-city/ |last1=pooks |website=Q92 | title=Here is the #1 Most Violent City in the Entire State of Texas | date=September 2, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dallas-Fort Worth, TX, Crime Rate & Safety |url=https://realestate.usnews.com/places/texas/dallas-fort-worth/crime |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225025950/https://realestate.usnews.com/places/texas/dallas-fort-worth/crime |archive-date=2024-02-25 |website=U.S. News}}</ref>

Since 2020, Dallas's murder rate has seen a notable increase.  In 2020, Dallas recorded 251 murders which was a 20-year high. By 2022 it decreased to 214 but then increased to 246 in 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://lakewood.advocatemag.com/dallas-homicides-increase/ | title=Dallas homicides increased in 2023 even as other violent crime saw improvements, police say | date=January 5, 2024 |first1= Emma |last1=Ruby |website=Lakewood/East Dallas Advocate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213234538/https://lakewood.advocatemag.com/dallas-homicides-increase/ |archive-date= 2024-02-13 }}</ref> As of 2020, the gang presence in Dallas has grown significantly and is heavily responsible for the spike in crime.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.khou.com/article/news/increased-gang-activity-leads-to-spike-of-violent-crime-in-dallas/285-442103737 | title=Increased gang activity leads to spike of violent crime in Dallas | date=May 23, 2017 |first1=Tanya |last1=Eiserer |website=KHOU }}</ref> Dallas leaders have made crime reduction a major priority.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/crime/2021/10/13/city-leaders-praise-dallas-police-chiefs-crime-plan-as-violence-murders-decrease/ | title=City leaders praise Dallas police chief's crime plan as violence, murders decrease | date=October 13, 2021 |first1=Kelli |last1=Smith |website=Dallas News }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.cbsnews.com/texas/news/dpd-chief-dallas-mayor-discuss-violent-crime-and-the-changes-they-say-need-to-be-made/ |first1= Jack |last1=Fink | title=DPD Chief & Dallas Mayor discuss violent crime and the changes they say need to be made - CBS Texas | website=[[CBS News]] | date=December 22, 2023 }}</ref>