Editing Chatbot (section)

=== Healthcare ===
{{See also|Artificial intelligence in healthcare}}Chatbots are also appearing in the healthcare industry.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Larson |first=Selena |date=11 October 2016 |title=Baidu is bringing AI chatbots to healthcare |url=https://money.cnn.com/2016/10/11/technology/baidu-doctor-ai-melody/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103124942/https://money.cnn.com/2016/10/11/technology/baidu-doctor-ai-melody/index.html |archive-date=3 January 2020 |access-date=3 January 2020 |work=[[CNN Money]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=AI chatbots have a future in healthcare, with caveats |url=https://www.aiin.healthcare/topics/robotics/ai-chatbots-have-future-healthcare-caveats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323165017/https://healthexec.com/topics/artificial-intelligence/ai-chatbots-have-future-healthcare-caveats |archive-date=23 March 2023 |access-date=17 September 2019 |website=AI in Healthcare}}</ref> A study suggested that physicians in the United States believed that chatbots would be most beneficial for scheduling doctor appointments, locating health clinics, or providing medication information.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Palanica |first1=Adam |last2=Flaschner |first2=Peter |last3=Thommandram |first3=Anirudh |last4=Li |first4=Michael |last5=Fossat |first5=Yan |date=3 January 2019 |title=Physicians' Perceptions of Chatbots in Health Care: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey |journal=Journal of Medical Internet Research |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=e12887 |doi=10.2196/12887 |pmc=6473203 |pmid=30950796 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

[[ChatGPT]] is able to answer user queries related to health promotion and disease prevention such as screening and [[vaccination]].<ref name="Biswas-20233">{{Cite journal |last=Biswas |first=Som S. |date=2023-05-01 |title=Role of Chat GPT in Public Health |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-023-03172-7 |journal=Annals of Biomedical Engineering |language=en |volume=51 |issue=5 |pages=868–869 |doi=10.1007/s10439-023-03172-7 |issn=1573-9686 |pmid=36920578}}</ref> [[WhatsApp]] has teamed up with the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) to make a chatbot service that answers users' questions on [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahaskar |first=Abhijit |date=27 March 2020 |title=How WhatsApp chatbots are helping in the fight against Covid-19 |url=https://www.livemint.com/technology/tech-news/how-whatsapp-chatbots-are-helping-in-the-fight-against-covid-19-11585310168911.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723154947/https://www.livemint.com/technology/tech-news/how-whatsapp-chatbots-are-helping-in-the-fight-against-covid-19-11585310168911.html |archive-date=23 July 2020 |access-date=23 July 2020 |website=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]}}</ref>

In 2020, the [[Government of India]] launched a chatbot called MyGov Corona Helpdesk,<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2020 |title=India's Coronavirus Chatbot on WhatsApp Crosses 1.7 Crore Users in 10 Days |url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/apps/news/coronavirus-mygov-corona-helpdesk-chatbot-whatsapp-indian-government-total-users-haptik-2204458 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621183924/https://gadgets.ndtv.com/apps/news/coronavirus-mygov-corona-helpdesk-chatbot-whatsapp-indian-government-total-users-haptik-2204458 |archive-date=21 June 2020 |access-date=23 July 2020 |website=NDTV Gadgets 360}}</ref> that worked through WhatsApp and helped people access information about the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kurup |first=Rajesh |date=21 March 2020 |title=COVID-19: Govt of India launches a WhatsApp chatbot |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/covid-19-india-launches-a-whatsapp-chatbot/article31127438.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723224134/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/covid-19-india-launches-a-whatsapp-chatbot/article31127438.ece |archive-date=23 July 2020 |access-date=23 July 2020 |website=[[Business Line]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 April 2020 |title=In focus: Mumbai-based Haptik which developed India's official WhatsApp chatbot for Covid-19 |url=https://tech.hindustantimes.com/tech/news/in-focus-mumbai-based-haptik-which-developed-india-s-official-whatsapp-chatbot-for-covid-19-story-SkSTENvrXVmvfM9YWEKXBP.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723162256/https://tech.hindustantimes.com/tech/news/in-focus-mumbai-based-haptik-which-developed-india-s-official-whatsapp-chatbot-for-covid-19-story-SkSTENvrXVmvfM9YWEKXBP.html |archive-date=23 July 2020 |access-date=23 July 2020 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>

Certain patient groups are still reluctant to use chatbots. A mixed-methods 2019 study showed that people are still hesitant to use chatbots for their healthcare due to poor understanding of the technological complexity, the lack of empathy, and concerns about cyber-security. The analysis showed that while 6% had heard of a health chatbot and 3% had experience of using it, 67% perceived themselves as likely to use one within 12 months. The majority of participants would use a health chatbot for seeking general health information (78%), booking a medical appointment (78%), and looking for local health services (80%). However, a health chatbot was perceived as less suitable for seeking results of medical tests and seeking specialist advice such as sexual health.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last1=Nadarzynski |first1=Tom |last2=Miles |first2=Oliver |last3=Cowie |first3=Aimee |last4=Ridge |first4=Damien |date=1 January 2019 |title=Acceptability of artificial intelligence (AI)-led chatbot services in healthcare: A mixed-methods study |journal=Digital Health |volume=5 |pages=2055207619871808 |doi=10.1177/2055207619871808 |pmc=6704417 |pmid=31467682}}</ref>

The analysis of attitudinal variables showed that most participants reported their preference for discussing their health with doctors (73%) and having access to reliable and accurate health information (93%). While 80% were curious about new technologies that could improve their health, 66% reported only seeking a doctor when experiencing a health problem and 65% thought that a chatbot was a good idea. 30% reported dislike about talking to computers, 41% felt it would be strange to discuss health matters with a chatbot and about half were unsure if they could trust the advice given by a chatbot. Therefore, perceived trustworthiness, individual attitudes towards bots, and dislike for talking to computers are the main barriers to health chatbots.<ref name=":02" /><ref name="Biswas-20233" />