Editing Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor (section)

== Family ==

=== Genealogy ===
==== Fictive genealogy ====

Imperial genealogists [[pseudohistory | invented]] early [[House of Luxembourg]] forefathers for Charles IV, extending back to [[Noah]] via [[Jupiter (god) | Jupiter]] and [[Saturn (mythology) | Saturn]].<ref>
{{cite book
 |last1                = Silver
 |first1               = Larry
 |year                 = 2008
 |title                = Marketing Maximilian: The Visual Ideology of a Holy Roman Emperor
 |url                  = https://books.google.com/books?id=4o3rAAAAMAAJ
 |publication-place    = Princeton, New Jersey
 |publisher            = Princeton University Press
 |page                 = 58
 |isbn                 = 9780691130194
 |access-date          = 30 October 2024
 |quote                = Beginning with Noah and his son Ham, the seventh and eighth ancestors of Charles IV are named as Saturn and Jupiter, respectively! 
}} 
</ref>

==== Historical genealogy ====

{{Tree chart/start}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | |Henry|y|Margaret| |Judith|y|Wenceslaus
 | Henry=[[Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VII]]<br/>{{Small|(Henry of Luxembourg)<br/>{{Circa|1273}} – 24 August 1313<br/>King of the Romans<br/>King of Italy<br/>Holy Roman Emperor}}
   | boxstyle_Henry=border:2px black solid
 | Margaret=[[Margaret of Brabant]]<br/>{{Small|4 October 1276 – 14 December 1311}}
 | Judith=[[Judith of Habsburg]]<br/>{{Small|13 March 1271 – 18 June 1297}}
 | Wenceslaus=[[Wenceslaus II of Bohemia|Wenceslaus II]]<br/>{{Small|27 September 1271 – 21 June 1305<br/>King of Bohemia<br/>King of Poland}}
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | |`|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| 
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |John|y|Elisabeth| |Wenceslaus
 | John=[[John of Bohemia|John the Blind]]<br/>{{Small|(John of Luxembourg)<br/>King of Bohemia<br/>10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346}}
 | Elisabeth=[[Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330)|Elisabeth of Bohemia]]<br/>{{Small|20 January 1292 – 28 September 1330}}
 | Wenceslaus=[[Wenceslaus III of Bohemia|Wenceslaus III]]<br/>{{Small|1289–1306<br/>King of Hungary<br/>King of Croatia<br/>King of Bohemia<br/>King of Poland}}
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |F|~|~|~|~|~|7| |!| |F|~|~|~|~|~|7| 
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | |married1|:|married2| | |:| |!| |:| | |married3|:|married4
 |married1=''{{Small|m1. 15 May 1323}}''
   | boxstyle_married1=border:0; vertical-align:bottom
 |married2=''{{Small|m2. March 1349}}''
   | boxstyle_married2=border:0; vertical-align:bottom
 |married3=''{{Small|m3. 27 May 1353}}''
   | boxstyle_married3=border:0; vertical-align:bottom
 |married4=''{{Small|m4. 21 May 1363}}''
   | boxstyle_married4=border:0; vertical-align:bottom
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | |Blanche|K|AnneB|y|~|A|Charles|A|~|y|AnnaS|E|Elizabeth
 | Blanche=[[Blanche of Valois]]<br/>{{Small|1316 – 1 August 1348}}
 | AnneB=[[Anne of Bavaria]]<br/>{{Small|26 September 1329 – 2 February 1353}}
 | Charles='''Charles IV'''<br/>{{Small|(Wenceslaus/Charles of Luxembourg)<br/>14 May 1316 – 29 November 1378<br/>King of Bohemia<br/>King of the Romans<br/>King of Italy<br/>Holy Roman Emperor}}
   | boxstyle_Charles=border:2px black solid
 | AnnaS=[[Anna von Schweidnitz]]<br/>{{Small|1339 – 11 July 1362}}
 | Elizabeth=[[Elizabeth of Pomerania]]<br/>{{Small|{{Circa|1347}} – 14 February 1393}}
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.| |`|-|.| | | | | |!| | | |!| | | 
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|Son1| |Margaret| |Katharine| |Wenceslas| | | | |!| | | |!| | | 
 |Son1=son<br/>{{Small|born 1334}}
 |Margaret=[[Margaret of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary|Margaret of Bohemia]]<br/>{{Small|1335–1349}}
 |Katharine=[[Katharine of Bohemia|Catherine of Bohemia]]<br/>{{Small|1342–1395}}
 |Wenceslas=Wenceslas<br/>{{Small|1350–1351}}
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.| |!| 
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |Elisabeth| |Wenceslaus| |Son2|!| 
 |Elisabeth=[[Elisabeth of Bohemia (1358–1373)|Elisabeth of Bohemia]]<br/>{{Small|1358–1373}}
 |Wenceslaus=[[Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia|Wenceslaus IV]]<br/>{{Small|(Wenceslaus of Luxembourg)<br/>1361–1419<br/>King of Germany<br/>King of Bohemia}}
   | boxstyle_Wenceslaus=border:2px black solid
 |Son2=son<br/>{{Small|1362}}
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|.| 
}}

{{Tree chart|border=1|Richard|~|Anne| |Sigismund| |John| |Charles| |Margaret| |Henry
 |Richard=[[Richard II of England|Richard II]]<br/>{{Small|1367–1400<br/>King of England}}
 |Anne=[[Anne of Bohemia]]<br/>{{Small|1366–1394}}
 |Sigismund=[[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund]]<br/>{{Small|(Sigismund of Luxembourg)<br/>1368–1437<br/>King of Bohemia<br/>Holy Roman Emperor<br/>King of Hungary}}
   | boxstyle_Sigismund=border:2px black solid
 |John=[[John of Görlitz]]<br/>{{Small|1370–1396}}
 |Charles=Charles<br/>{{Small|1372–1373}}
 |Margaret=[[Margaret of Bohemia, Burgravine of Nuremberg|Margaret of Bohemia]]<br/>{{Small|1373–1410}}
 |Henry=Henry<br/>{{Small|1377–1378}}
}}

{{Tree chart/end}}

=== Marriages and children ===

[[File:Karl IV Blanca Valois.jpg|thumb|right|Charles and his first wife, Blanche]]

Charles was married four times. His first wife was [[Blanche of Valois]] (1316–1348), daughter of [[Charles of Valois|Charles]], [[Count of Valois]], and a half-sister of King [[Philip&nbsp;VI of France]].{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvi}} They had three children:

* son (born 1334), died young.
* [[Margaret of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary]] (1335–1349); married King [[Louis&nbsp;I of Hungary]].{{sfn|Dvornik|1962|p=52}}
* [[Catherine of Bohemia]] (1342–1395); married [[Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria]]{{sfn|Jaschke|1997|p=102}} and [[Otto&nbsp;V, Duke of Bavaria]] and Elector of Brandenburg.{{sfn|Fajt|2003|p=517}}

He secondly married [[Anna of Bavaria]], (1329–1353), daughter of [[Rudolf II, Count Palatine of the Rhine]]; they had one son:

* Wenceslaus (1350–1351).

His third wife was [[Anna von Schweidnitz]], (1339–1362),{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvi}} daughter of [[Henry&nbsp;II, Duke of Świdnica]] and [[Catherine of Hungary (d. 1355)|Katharina of Anjou]] (daughter of [[Charles I of Hungary|Charles&nbsp;I Robert, King of Hungary]]), by whom he had three children:

* [[Elisabeth of Bohemia (1358–1373)|Elisabeth of Bohemia]] (19 April 1358 – 4 September 1373); married [[Albert&nbsp;III, Duke of Austria]] at the very young age of 8 and died at the age of 15, they had no children.{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvi}}
* [[Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia]] (1361–1419);{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvi}} later elected King of Germany (formally King of the Romans) and on his father's death, became King of Bohemia (as Wenceslaus&nbsp;IV) and Emperor-elect of the Holy Roman Empire; married firstly to [[Joanna of Bavaria]] in 1370 and secondly to [[Sophia of Bavaria]] in 1389.
* son (born and died 11&nbsp;July 1362).

His fourth wife was [[Elizabeth of Pomerania]], (1345 or 1347 – 1393),{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvii}} daughter of [[Bogislaw&nbsp;V, Duke of Pomerania]] and [[Elisabeth of Poland (1326-1361)|Elisabeth of Poland]] who was the daughter of King [[Casimir&nbsp;III of Poland]]. They had six children:

* [[Anne of Bohemia|Anne of Bohemia, Queen of England]] (1366–1394); married King [[Richard II of England]].{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvii}}
* [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund of Bohemia]] (1368–1437);{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvii}} later  became Holy Roman Emperor, was King of Bohemia, [[Margrave of Brandenburg]], and also [[King of Hungary]] through his first marriage to [[Mary, Queen of Hungary]] in 1385. His second marriage was to [[Barbara of Cilli]], the daughter and youngest child of [[Herman II, Count of Celje]], in 1405/1408.
* [[John of Görlitz|John of Bohemia]] (1370–1396); later [[Margrave of Moravia]] and Duke of [[Görlitz]]; married [[Richardis Catherine of Sweden]], the daughter of [[Albert, King of Sweden]].{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvii}} His only daughter and heiress [[Elisabeth of Görlitz]] was [[Duchess of Luxembourg]].
* Charles (13 March 1372 – 24 July 1373).
* [[Margaret of Bohemia, Burgravine of Nuremberg]] (1373–1410); married [[John III, Burgrave of Nuremberg]].{{sfn|Boehm|Fajt|2005|p=xvii}}
* Henry (1377–1378).

Charles had one illegitimate son, William, born in 1362 to an unknown woman. He was raised in Brabant and seems to have joined his father at the time of the latter's trip to France in 1377. He was acknowledged by his father, who sought a [[papal dispensation]] for him to marry within the fourth degree. It is unknown if he ever married. He served his Bohemian relatives as a diplomat, but his ultimate fate is unknown.<ref>Ondřej Schmidtm ''John of Moravia between the Czech Lands and the Patriarchate of Aquileia (ca. 1345–1394)'' (Brill, 2019), p. 31.</ref>