Editing Burgas (section)

=== Communism ===
During World War II on 9 September 1944 Red Army troops occupied the city and soon the whole country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://decommunization.org/Communism/Bulgaria/1944-47.htm?storyid=131371&srcpos=8 |title=Chronology of the Bulgarian Communism (bulg. Хронология 1944–1947) |author=Portal decommunization |access-date=2012-08-02 |language=bg |quote=''9 септември 1944. В условията на започнала съветска окупация....Съветските войски завземат Шумен, Разград и Бургас.'' |archive-date=10 Sep 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910170215/http://www.decommunization.org/Communism/Bulgaria/1944-47.htm?storyid=131371&srcpos=8 |url-status=live }}</ref> In the following [[People's Court (Bulgaria)|People's Courts]], especially members of the wealthy families of the intelligentsia and members of the [[Bar Association]] were convicted. The two Chambers of the People's Courts met in Burgas in the former building of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Burgas (now the seat of the Governor of the Province Burgas).<ref name="IW250">Karayotov/Raychevski/Ivanov, p. 246-250</ref>

After the Communists took power in 1945, the German and Italian School and the People's University were closed<ref name="Burneva/Murdsheva">Burneva/Murdsheva: ''Deutsch als Fremdsprache(n) an bulgarischen Hochschulen'' in Hiltraud Casper-Hehne: ''Die Neustrukturierung von Studiengängen "Deutsch als Fremdsprache": Probleme und Perspektiven; Fachtagung 17. - 19. November an der Universität Hannover'', Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2006, p. 238</ref> and over 160 factories and businesses (including the large companies ''Great Bulgarian Mills'', ''Veriga'', ''Plug'', ''Dab'', etc.), shops, baths and other private property were nationalized.  The [[nationalization]] and inability to lead by the new rulers led the companies to the collapse of the food supply and the shortage of goods of daily life in the city.<ref name="IW250"/> The political repression against the population of Burgas continued for the next few years. Access to universities and other higher education in the Bulgarian capital was refused for the young people of Burgas and some of them were interned in [[prison]] and [[Forced labour camps in Communist Bulgaria|labor camp]]s.<ref name="IW250"/>

[[File:Neftochim-vaya-dinev cropped.jpg|thumb|right|The [[LUKOIL Neftochim Burgas|Neftohim]] refinery, one of the major Bulgarian industrial capacities, built during the Socialist era]]

After the end of the Second World War, the [[Haganah]] organised several convoys for the European survivors of the [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]], which departed on ships from Burgas for Palestine. These convoys allowed 12,000 people, including the Jewish population of the city, to emigrate.<ref>Gaby Coldewey: ''Zwischen Pruth und Jordan: Lebenserinnerungen Czernowitzer Juden.'' Böhlau Verlag, Köln/Weimar 2003, p. 105.</ref><ref>Idith Zertal: ''From catastrophe to power: Holocaust survivors and the emergence of Israel'', University of California Press, 1998, pp. 118-120, 139, 208, 298</ref> In the following years the city center of Burgas, unlike many other Bulgarian cities, was not much affected by Communist-type urbanization and has kept much of its 19th- and early-20th-century architecture. A number of oil and chemical companies were gradually built.

The terrorists of the [[2 June Movement]], Till Meyer, [[Gabriele Rollnik]], Gudrun Stürmer and Angelika Goder were arrested on 21 June 1978 in Burgas by West German officials and then brought into the [[Federal Republic of Germany|Federal Republic]].<ref>Eckhart Dietrich: ''Angriffe auf den Rechtsstaat: die Baader/Meinhof-Bande, die Bewegung 2. Juni, die Revolutionären Zellen und die Stasi im Operationsgebiet Westberlin (aus Originalurteilen mit Erklärungen und Anmerkungen)'', 2009, p. 84</ref>