Editing Asura (section)

===Indo-Aryan context===
In the 19th century, Haug pioneered the idea that the term ''Asura'' is linguistically related to the [[Ahura]]s of Indo-Aryan people and pre-[[Zoroastrianism]] era. In both religions, ''Ahura'' of pre-Zoroastrianism (''Asura'' of Indian religions), Vouruna (Varuna) and ''Daeva'' (''Deva'') are found, but their roles are on opposite sides.<ref name=Hale-1999/>{{rp|pp=3–8}} That is, ''Ahura'' evolves to represent the good in pre-[[Zoroastrianism]], while ''Asura'' evolves to represent the bad in Vedic religion; where ''Daeva'' evolves to represent the bad in pre-[[Zoroastrianism]], while ''Deva'' evolves to represent the good in Vedic religion. These contrary roles have led some scholars to infer that there may have been wars between proto-Indo-European communities, and that adapted their gods and demons to reflect their social differences.<ref name=Hale-1999/>{{rp|pages=23–31}} This idea was thoroughly researched and reviewed by Peter von&nbsp;Bradke in 1885.<ref>{{cite book |first=Peter |last=von&nbsp;Bradke |orig-year=1885 |year=2010 |title=Dyaus Asuras, Ahura Mazda, und die Asuras |lang=de |publisher=Max Niemeyer (1885) / Nabu Press (2010) |edition=reprint |isbn=978-1-141-63225-1 }}</ref><ref name=Hale-1999/>{{rp|pages=5–8}}

The relationship between ''ahura''s / ''asura''s and ''daeva''s / ''deva''s in Indo-Aryan times, was discussed at length by F.B.J. Kuiper.<ref>{{cite book |first=F.B.J. |last=Kuiper |author-link=F. B. J. Kuiper |year=1983 |title=Ancient Indian Cosmogony |place=Bombay, IN |isbn=0-7069-1370-1 }}</ref> This theory and other Avesta-related hypotheses developed over the 20th&nbsp;century, are all now in question, particularly for lack of archaeological evidence.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Herrenschmidt |first1=Clarisse |author-link1=Clarisse Herrenschmidt |last2=Kellens |first2=Jean |year=1993 |title=*Daiva |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica |volume=6 |pages=599–602 |publisher=Mazda |place=Costa Mesa, CA}}</ref><ref name=Hale-1999/>{{rp|pages=5–8, 12, 15, 18–19, 37}} Asko Parpola has re-opened this debate by presenting archaeological and linguistic evidence, but notes that the links may go earlier to [[Uralic languages]] roots.<ref name=askoahuraasera>{{cite book |first=Asko |last=Parpola |year=2015 |title=The Roots of Hinduism: The early Aryans and the Indus civilization |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-022692-3 |pages=66–67, 82–109 }}</ref> The Indo-Aryan ''Asura'' may also be related to the [[Assyria|Assyrian]] deity ''[[Ashur (god)|Ashur]]''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Maul |first=S.M. |year=2017 |section=Assyrian religion |editor-first=E. |editor-last=Frahm |title=A Companion to Assyria |publisher=Wiley Blackwell |pages=336–358 }}</ref>