Editing Arthur Sullivan (section)

===Leisure and family life===
[[File:Bertie and arthur sullivan.jpg|thumb|upright|Sullivan and his nephew [[Herbert Sullivan|Herbert ("Bertie")]]|alt=Sullivan, seated, with Herbert standing behind his left shoulder; both are very well-dressed and mustachioed]]
Sullivan loved to spend time in France (both in Paris and on the [[French Riviera|Riviera]]), where his acquaintances included European royalty and where the casinos enabled him to indulge his passion for gambling.<ref>Young, pp. 246–247 and 250</ref> He enjoyed hosting private dinners and entertainments at his home, often featuring famous singers and well-known actors.<ref name=GGReminiscence>Grossmith, George. [https://gsarchive.net/sullivan/html/grossmith.html "Sir Arthur Sullivan: A Personal Reminiscence"], ''The Pall Mall Magazine'', February 1901, reprinted at the Gilbert and Sullivan Archive, accessed 28 July 2018</ref> In 1865 he was initiated into [[Freemasonry]] and was Grand Organist of the [[United Grand Lodge of England]] in 1887 during Queen Victoria's [[Golden Jubilee#For Queen Victoria|Golden Jubilee]].<ref>Beresiner, Yasha. [http://www.freemasons-freemasonry.com/beresiner12.html "Gilbert and Sullivan: Musical Masons"], ''Pietre-Stones Review of Freemasonry'', 18 December 2007</ref> Sullivan's talent and native charm gained him the friendship of many, not only in the musical establishment, such as Grove, Chorley and Herman Klein, but also in society circles, such as [[Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh]].<ref>Jacobs, p. 73 and ''passim''</ref> Sullivan enjoyed playing tennis; according to [[George Grossmith]], "I have seen some bad lawn-tennis players in my time, but I never saw anyone so bad as Arthur Sullivan".<ref name=GGReminiscence/>

Sullivan was devoted to his parents, particularly his mother. He corresponded regularly with her when away from London, until her death in 1882. [[Henry Lytton]] wrote, "I believe there was never a more affectionate tie than that which existed between [Sullivan] and his mother, a very witty old lady, and one who took an exceptional pride in her son's accomplishments."<ref>Lytton, Henry (1922). [https://gsarchive.net/books/lytton_secrets/ch4.html "Leaders of the Savoy"], ''Secrets of a Savoyard'', the Gilbert and Sullivan Archive, accessed 28 July 2018</ref> Sullivan was also very fond of his brother Fred, whose acting career he assisted whenever possible,{{refn|In 1871 Fred appeared as Cox in his brother's ''[[Cox and Box]]'' at the [[Alhambra Theatre]],<ref>Stone, David. [https://gsarchive.net/whowaswho/S/SullivanFrederic.htm "Frederic Sullivan"], ''Who Was Who in the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company'', 27 January 2007, accessed 28 July 2018</ref> and he toured as Cox in his own production that summer.<ref>"Public Amusements", ''Liverpool Mercury'', 5 September 1871, p. 1</ref> Later that year, he played Apollo in Gilbert and Sullivan's ''Thespis'' at the Gaiety Theatre, remaining at the Gaiety thereafter. He took his own company on tour in the summer of 1874, appearing in ''Cox and Box'' and ''[[The Contrabandista]]'', and later that year he again played Cox, this time at the Gaiety.<ref>Ainger, p. 107; and "The London Theatres", ''The Era'', 6 September 1874, p. 11</ref> The next year, he created the role of the Learned Judge in ''[[Trial by Jury]]'', a role that he would play in London and on tour for the rest of his career.<ref>Ainger, pp. 107, 113 and 120</ref>|group= n}} and of Fred's children.<ref>Hayes, ''passim''</ref> After Fred died at the age of 39, leaving his pregnant wife, Charlotte, with seven children under the age of 14, Sullivan visited the family often and became guardian to the children.<ref>Hayes, pp. 6–7</ref>

In 1883 Charlotte and six of her children emigrated to [[Los Angeles]], California, leaving the oldest boy, [[Herbert Sullivan|"Bertie"]], in Sullivan's sole care.<ref>Ainger, pp. 224–225</ref> Despite his reservations about the move to the United States, Sullivan paid all the costs and gave substantial financial support to the family.<ref>Hayes, p. 9</ref> A year later, Charlotte died, leaving the children to be raised mostly by her brother.{{refn|One of the children, [[Frederic Richard Sullivan]], went on to become a well-known film director.<ref>Hayes, pp. 10–12</ref>|group=n}} From June to August 1885, after ''The Mikado'' opened, Sullivan visited the family in Los Angeles and took them on a sightseeing trip of the American west.<ref>Hayes, pp. 14–22</ref> Throughout the rest of his life, and in his will, he contributed financially to Fred's children, continuing to correspond with them and to be concerned with their education, marriages and financial affairs. Bertie remained with his Uncle Arthur for the rest of the composer's life.<ref>Hayes, pp. 23–32</ref>

Three of Sullivan's cousins, the daughters of his uncle John Thomas Sullivan, performed with the [[D'Oyly Carte Opera Company]]: Rose, Jane ("Jennie") and Kate Sullivan, the first two of whom used the stage surname Hervey. Kate was a chorister who defected to the Comedy Opera Company's rival production of ''H.M.S. Pinafore'', where she had the opportunity to play the leading soprano role, Josephine, in 1879.<ref>Stone, David. [https://gsarchive.net/whowaswho/S/SullivanKate.htm Kate Sullivan], ''Who Was Who in the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company'', 27 January 2007, accessed 28 July 2018</ref> Jennie was a D'Oyly Carte chorister for fourteen years.<ref>Stone, David. [https://gsarchive.net/whowaswho/H/HerveyJennie.htm Jennie Hervey], ''Who Was Who in the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company'', 8 August 2002, accessed 28 July 2018</ref> Rose took principal roles in many of the [[Savoy opera#Companion pieces|companion pieces]] that played with the Savoy operas.<ref>Rollins and Witts, pp. 8, 10–12, 70, 71, 73–75 and 77; and Stone, David. [https://gsarchive.net/whowaswho/H/HerveyRose.htm Rose Hervey], ''Who Was Who in the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company'', 7 August 2002, accessed 28 July 2018</ref><ref>See Sullivan family tree in appendix to Jacobs</ref>