Editing Archbishop (section)

===Eastern Orthodox Church===
{{main|Bishop in the Eastern Orthodox Church}}

In the Eastern Orthodox churches, the office and title of archbishop can be traced from the 4th and 5th century. Historically, the title was used variously, in terms of rank and jurisdiction.{{sfn|Meyendorff|1989|p=}}

In some Eastern Orthodox churches, archbishops are ranked above [[metropolitan bishop|metropolitans]] in [[Order of precedence|precedence]], while in others that order is reversed. Primates of [[Autocephaly|autocephalous]] Eastern Orthodox churches below [[patriarch]]al rank are generally designated as archbishops. In the [[Greek Orthodox Church]], archbishops are ranked above metropolitans in [[Order of precedence|precedence]]. The reverse is true for some Slavic Orthodox churches ([[Russian Orthodox]], [[Bulgarian Orthodox]]) and also for [[Romanian Orthodox Church]], where metropolitans rank above archbishops.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

In terms of jurisdiction, there are two basic types of archbishops in the Eastern Orthodox Church: real archbishops and honorary archbishops. Real archbishops are primates of autocephalous or autonomous (regional) churches, and they have actual jurisdiction over other bishops, while honorary archbishops are in fact just [[diocesan bishops]] with honorary titles of archbishops and no jurisdiction outside their own diocese. The honorary title is usually conferred to bishops of historically important [[Episcopal see|sees]]. For example, in the [[Serbian Orthodox Church]], both types were represented: the head of the autonomous [[Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric]] is styled ''Archbishop of Ohrid'' and invested with regional jurisdiction over all diocesan bishops in [[North Macedonia]], while former diocesan bishop (late [[Amfilohije Radović]]) of the [[Eparchy of Montenegro and the Littoral]], with seat in [[Cetinje]], was personally given only the honorary title ''Archbishop of Cetinje'', but without any jurisdiction over other diocesan bishops in [[Montenegro]].<ref>[http://arhiva.spc.rs/eng/metropolitan_amfilohije_montenegro_and_littoral_reposed_lord.html SOC (2020)> Metropolitan Amfilohije of Montenegro and the Littoral reposed in the Lord]</ref>

Historically, within the [[Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople|Patriarchate of Constantinople]], honorary archiepiscopal titles were also granted to those diocesan bishops who were exempt from jurisdictions of local metropolitans, and transferred to the direct jurisdiction of the patriarchal throne. Such titular hierarchs were contentiously styled as "''autocephalous archbishops''" (self-headed, just in terms of not having a metropolitan, but without connotations to real [[autocephaly]]).{{sfn|Chrysos|1969|p=263-286}} For example, until the end of the 8th century, bishop of [[Amorium]] was under the jurisdiction of metropolitan of [[Pessinus]], but he was later exempt and placed under direct patriarchal jurisdiction. On that occasion, he was given an honorary title of an ''autocephalous archbishop'', but with no jurisdiction over other bishops. Sometime later ({{circa|814}}), metropolitan province of Amorium was created, and local archbishop finally gained regional jurisdiction as a metropolitan.{{sfn|Komatina|2013|p=195-214}}