Editing Antioch (section)

===Consolidation of the Principality===
In 1100, [[Tancred, Prince of Galilee|Tancred]] became the [[regent]] of Antioch after his uncle and predecessor [[Bohemond I of Antioch]] was taken prisoner for three years (1100–03) by [[Gazi Gümüshtigin]] of the [[Danishmends]] at the [[Battle of Melitene]]. Tancred expanded the territory of Antioch by conquering [[Cilicia|Byzantine Cilicia]], [[Tarsus, Mersin|Tarsus]], and [[Adana]] in 1101. In 1107 Bohemond enraged by an earlier defeat, renamed Tancred as the regent of Antioch so he could sail for Europe with the intent of gaining support for an attack against the Greeks.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/shorthistoryofan00boucuoft#page/n7/mode/2up |title=A short history of Antioch, 300 B.C.–A.D. 1268 |access-date=2013-03-25|publisher=Oxford, Blackwell |year=1921 }}</ref><ref>Antioch (International Internet Preservation Consortium)</ref>

Bohemond laid siege to Dyrrachium but capitulated in September 1108 and was forced to accede to a peace accord, the [[Treaty of Devol]] which stipulated that Bohemond was to hold Antioch for the remainder of his life as the emperor's subject and the Greek patriarch was to be restored to power in the city. However, Tancred refused to honor the Treaty of Deabolis in which Bohemond swore an oath, and it is not until 1156 that it truly became a [[vassal]] state of the [[Byzantine Empire]].<ref>The Crusades The War For The Holy Land by Thomas Asbridge p. 114 (p.3) to p. 115</ref><ref>Ibn al-Athir vol. 2, p. 320; Hillenbrand, [https://books.google.com/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&q=Antioch The Crusades: Islamic perspectives], pp. 175–185</ref> Six months after the [[Treaty of Devol|Treaty of Deabolis]] Bohemond died, and Tancred remained regent of Antioch until his death during a typhoid epidemic in 1112.

After the death of Tancred, the principality passed to [[Roger of Salerno]], who helped rebuild Antioch after [[1114 Marash earthquake|an earthquake]] destroyed its foundations in 1114. With the death of Roger at the [[Battle of Ager Sanguinis]] in 1119, the role of regent was assumed by [[Baldwin II of Jerusalem]], lasting until 1126. In 1126 [[Bohemond II of Antioch|Bohemond II]] arrived from Apulia to gain regency over Antioch. In 1130 Bohemond was lured into an ambush by [[Leo I, Prince of Armenia]] who allied with the [[Danishmend]] [[Gazi Gümüshtigin]], and was killed in the subsequent battle.<ref>A History of the Crusades – Volume II.: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East: 1100–1187.</ref><ref>The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1393).</ref>

Antioch was again ruled by a regency, firstly being Baldwin II, after his daughter and Bohemond II's wife, [[Alice of Antioch]] attempted to block Baldwin from entering Antioch, but failed when Antiochene nobles such as [[Fulk of Jerusalem]] (Alice's brother-in-law) opened up the gates for representatives of Baldwin II. Alice was then expelled from Antioch. With the death of Baldwin in 1131, Alice briefly took control of Antioch and allied herself with [[Pons of Tripoli]] and [[Joscelin II of Edessa]] in an attempt to prevent [[Fulk, King of Jerusalem]] from marching north in 1132; however, this attempt failed. In 1133 the king chose [[Raymond of Poitiers]] as a groom for [[Constance of Antioch]], daughter of [[Bohemund II of Antioch]] and [[Alice of Antioch|Alice]], [[kingdom of Jerusalem|princess of Jerusalem]].<ref>Usmah Ibn Munqidh (1095–1188): Autobiography: Excerpts on the Franks, c. 1175 CE.</ref> The marriage took place in 1136 between the 21-year-old Raymond and the 9-year-old Constance.

Immediately after assuming control, Raymond was involved in conflicts with the [[Byzantine Emperor]] [[John II Comnenus]] who had come south to recover [[Cilicia]] from [[Leo I, Prince of Armenia|Leo of Armenia]], and to reassert his rights over Antioch. The engagement lasted until 1137 when emperor John II arrived with an army before the walls of Antioch. Although the [[basileus]] did not enter the city, his banner was raised atop the citadel and Raymond was compelled to do homage. Raymond agreed with the emperor that if he was capable of capturing [[Aleppo]], [[Shaizar]], and [[Homs]], he would exchange Antioch for them.<ref name="ReferenceA">''[[Annales Herbipolenses]]'', s.a. 1147: A Hostile View of the Crusade</ref> John went on to attack Aleppo with the aid of Antioch and Edessa, and failed to capture it, with the Franks withdrawing their support when he moved on to capture Shaizar. John returned to Antioch ahead of his army and entered Antioch, only to be forced to leave when [[Joscelin II, Count of Edessa]] rallied the citizens to oust him.<ref name="ReferenceA" /> After the [[fall of Edessa]] in 1144, many Syriac Orthodox Christians came into the city, spreading the veneration of Mor Barsauma among the local population which resulted in the building of a church to the saint in 1156.{{sfn|Weltecke|2006|pp=113–114}}