Editing Alloy (section)

=== Others ===

Due to their high reactivity, most metals were not discovered until the 19th century. A method for extracting aluminium from [[bauxite]] was proposed by [[Humphry Davy]] in 1807, using an [[electric arc]]. Although his attempts were unsuccessful, by 1855 the first sales of pure aluminium reached the market. However, as [[extractive metallurgy]] was still in its infancy, most aluminium extraction-processes produced unintended alloys contaminated with other elements found in the ore; the most abundant of which was copper. These aluminium-copper alloys (at the time termed "aluminium bronze") preceded pure aluminium, offering greater strength and hardness over the soft, pure metal, and to a slight degree were found to be heat treatable.<ref>''Aluminium: Its History, Occurrence, Properties, Metallurgy and Applications'' by Joseph William Richards – Henry Cairy Baird & Co 1887 Page 25–42</ref> However, due to their softness and limited hardenability these alloys found little practical use, and were more of a novelty, until the [[Wright brothers]] used an aluminium alloy to construct the first airplane engine in 1903.<ref name="asmchandler" /> During the time between 1865 and 1910, processes for extracting many other metals were discovered, such as chromium, vanadium, tungsten, [[iridium]], [[cobalt]], and molybdenum, and various alloys were developed.<ref>''Metallurgy: 1863–1963'' by W.H. Dennis – Routledge 2017</ref>

Prior to 1910, research mainly consisted of private individuals tinkering in their own laboratories. However, as the aircraft and automotive industries began growing, research into alloys became an industrial effort in the years following 1910, as new [[magnesium alloy]]s were developed for pistons and [[alloy wheel|wheels]] in cars, and [[pot metal]] for levers and knobs, and aluminium alloys developed for [[airframe]]s and [[aircraft skin]]s were put into use.<ref name="asmchandler" /> The Doehler Die Casting Co. of Toledo, Ohio were known for the production of ''Brastil'', a high tensile corrosion resistant bronze alloy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Doehler-Jarvis Company Collection, MSS-202 |url=https://www.utoledo.edu/library/canaday/HTML_findingaids/MSS-202.html |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=www.utoledo.edu}}</ref><ref>Woldman’s Engineering Alloys, 9th Edition 1936, American Society for Metals, {{ISBN|978-0-87170-691-1}}</ref>