Editing Addis Ababa (section)

===21st century===
[[File:Addis Ababa aerial approach 2009-08-27 15-26-13.jpg|thumb|Addis Ababa landscape taken on 27 August 2009]]
From the end of 1998, new project was launched by Addis Ababa City Administration naming Office for Revision of Addis Ababa Master Plan (ORAAMP), covering from 1999 to 2003. The plan goal was to meet the standard of market economy with favorable political system resembles the revised 1986 master plan in terms of urban area.<ref name=":4" />

====2014 Addis Ababa Master Plan====
{{main|2014 Addis Ababa Master Plan}}
A controversial plan to expand the boundaries of Addis Ababa, by 1.1 million hectares into the [[Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne|Oromia special zone]] in April 2014,<ref>{{citation|title=Ethiopia's 'Master Plan' – good for development, damaging for minorities|date=12 August 2014|url=https://minorityrights.org/2014/08/12/ethiopias-master-plan-good-for-development-damaging-for-minorities-2/|access-date=12 August 2014|archive-date=2 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002090251/http://minorityrights.org/2014/08/12/ethiopias-master-plan-good-for-development-damaging-for-minorities-2/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=The Roots of Popular Mobilization in Ethiopia|date=16 June 2017|url=https://theglobalobservatory.org/2017/06/ethiopia-protests-oromo-addis-ababa-master-plan/#:~:text=The%20protests%20in%20the%20Oromia,the%20Addis%20Ababa%20Master%20Plan).|access-date=16 June 2017|archive-date=21 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121234920/https://theglobalobservatory.org/2017/06/ethiopia-protests-oromo-addis-ababa-master-plan/#:~:text=The%20protests%20in%20the%20Oromia,the%20Addis%20Ababa%20Master%20Plan).|url-status=live}}</ref> sparked the [[2014–2016 Oromo protests|Oromo protests]] on 25 April 2014 against expansion of the boundaries of Addis Ababa. The government responded by shooting at and beating peaceful protesters.<ref>{{citation|title=Ethiopia: Brutal Crackdown on Protests|date=5 May 2014|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/05/05/ethiopia-brutal-crackdown-protests|access-date=5 May 2014|archive-date=8 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508195000/http://www.hrw.org/news/2014/05/05/ethiopia-brutal-crackdown-protests|url-status=live}}</ref> This escalated to full blown strikes and street protests on 12 November 2015 by university students in Ginchi town, located 80&nbsp;km southwest of Addis Ababa city, encircled by Oromia Region.<ref>{{citation|title=Oromo Protests: Defiance Amidst Pain and Suffering|date=16 December 2015|url=https://addisstandard.com/oromo-protests-defiance-amidst-pain-and-suffering/|access-date=16 December 2015|archive-date=19 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151219081145/http://addisstandard.com/oromo-protests-defiance-amidst-pain-and-suffering/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Ethiopia: Lethal Force Against Protesters|date=18 December 2015|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/12/18/ethiopia-lethal-force-against-protesters|access-date=18 December 2015|archive-date=22 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222130005/https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/12/18/ethiopia-lethal-force-against-protesters|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Country Policy and Guidance Note Ethiopia Oromos including the Oromo Protests|date=November 2017|url=https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/5a1d65e14.pdf|access-date=22 July 2021|archive-date=2 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202031124/https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/5a1d65e14.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The controversial master plan was cancelled on 12 January 2016. By that time, 140 protesters were killed.<ref>{{citation|title=Ethiopia Scraps Plan for Capital Area that Sparked Protests|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/ethiopia-scraps-plan-capital-area-sparked-protests|access-date=13 January 2016|archive-date=23 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923104951/https://www.voanews.com/africa/ethiopia-scraps-plan-capital-area-sparked-protests|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{citation|title=Ethiopia scraps Addis Ababa 'master plan' after protests kill 140|newspaper=The Guardian|date=14 January 2016|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/14/ethiopia-addis-master-plan-abandoned|access-date=14 January 2016|last1=Chala|first1=Endalk|archive-date=14 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114115037/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/14/ethiopia-addis-master-plan-abandoned|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Ethiopia cancels Addis Ababa master plan after Oromo protests|work=BBC News|date=13 January 2016|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35300471|access-date=13 January 2016|archive-date=13 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113105635/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35300471|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Recent history ====
United Nations Population Projections estimated the population of metro area of Addis Ababa to be 5,228,000 in 2022, a 4.43% increase from 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Metro Area Population 1950-2022 |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20921/addis-ababa/population |access-date=2022-04-17 |website=www.macrotrends.net |archive-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315200804/https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20921/addis-ababa/population |url-status=live }}</ref> During [[Abiy Ahmed]]'s premiership, Addis Ababa and its vicinities underwent [[Beautifying Sheger]]. This project is aimed to enhance the green coverage and beauty of the city. In 2018, Abiy initiated a project called "Riverside" planned to expand riverbanks for {{convert|56|km}}, from the [[Entoto Mountains]] to the [[Akaki River]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Danger of Ambition and Neglect: The Case of Beautifying Sheger Project|url=https://wcscd.com/index.php/projects/the-danger-of-ambition-and-neglect-the-case-of-beautifying-sheger-project/|access-date=2021-08-31|language=zh-CN|archive-date=24 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924112907/https://wcscd.com/index.php/projects/the-danger-of-ambition-and-neglect-the-case-of-beautifying-sheger-project/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Arada|url=http://www.ethiopians.com/tadelle1.html|access-date=2021-08-31|website=www.ethiopians.com|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309134731/http://www.ethiopians.com/tadelle1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Riverside: green redevelopment for Addis Ababa {{!}}|url=https://www.belex.com/en/news/riverside-green-redevelopment-for-addis-ababa/|access-date=2021-08-31|website=en|language=en-US|archive-date=24 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924105902/https://www.belex.com/en/news/riverside-green-redevelopment-for-addis-ababa/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-18|title=Ethiopia: 'Sheger Project Signals Premier's Promise-Fulfilling' - Residents|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202008180524.html|access-date=2021-08-31|website=allAfrica.com|language=en|archive-date=2 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602054925/https://allafrica.com/stories/202008180524.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=addis ababa city administration latest news|url=https://casabrasilis.com.br/a7pft80/addis-ababa-city-administration-latest-news|access-date=2021-08-31|website=casabrasilis.com.br|archive-date=31 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831115052/https://casabrasilis.com.br/a7pft80/addis-ababa-city-administration-latest-news|url-status=dead}}</ref> In October 2022, the government launched [[Sheger City]], an urban development model that contains 12 sub-cities, 36 districts and 40 rural kebeles with its seat located in Saris area in Addis Ababa.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2023-01-01 |title='Sheger City' plan will fuel Ethiopia tensions |url=https://doi.org/10.1108/OXAN-DB279805 |journal=Emerald Expert Briefings |volume=oxan-db |issue=oxan-db |doi=10.1108/OXAN-DB279805 |issn=2633-304X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tasfaye |first=Ermias |date=2023-04-12 |title=Opposition to Oromia megacities echoes Ethiopia's master plan turmoil |url=https://www.ethiopia-insight.com/2023/04/12/opposition-to-oromia-megacities-echoes-ethiopias-master-plan-turmoil/ |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=Ethiopia Insight |language=en-US}}</ref> The project objective was to feed other satellite cities into Addis Ababa and contribute economic development within enclave. Several human rights groups as well as politicians criticized the process to build Sheger City due to inciting [[House demolition in Ethiopia under Abiy Ahmed rule|mass house demotions]] that belonged to non-Oromo ethnic group, regional disparity by violating the constitutional rights of Oromo people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oromia region's new Sheger city encase Addis Ababa |url=https://ground.news/article/oromia-regions-new-sheger-city-encase-addis-ababa |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=Ground News |language=en}}</ref>