Editing Acetylene (section)

===Chemicals===
Acetylene is useful for many processes, but few are conducted on a commercial scale.<ref name=trot>{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/cr400357r |title=Catalytic Reactions of Acetylene: A Feedstock for the Chemical Industry Revisited |date=2014 |last1=Trotuş |first1=Ioan-Teodor |last2=Zimmermann |first2=Tobias |last3=Schüth |first3=Ferdi |journal=Chemical Reviews |volume=114 |issue=3 |pages=1761–1782 |pmid=24228942 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

One of the major chemical applications is [[ethynylation]] of formaldehyde.<ref name="Ullmann" /> 
Acetylene adds to [[Aldehyde|aldehydes]] and [[Ketone|ketones]] to form α-ethynyl alcohols:
:[[File:Reppe-chemistry-endiol-V1.svg|300px]]
The reaction gives [[1,4-Butynediol|butynediol]], with [[propargyl alcohol]] as the by-product. [[Copper(I) acetylide|Copper acetylide]] is used as the catalyst.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Gräfje |first1=Heinz |title=Butanediols, Butenediol, and Butynediol |date=2000-06-15 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14356007.a04_455 |encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |pages=a04_455 |editor-last=Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |place=Weinheim, Germany |publisher=Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |language=en |doi=10.1002/14356007.a04_455 |isbn=978-3-527-30673-2 |access-date=2022-03-03 |last2=Körnig |first2=Wolfgang |last3=Weitz |first3=Hans-Martin |last4=Reiß |first4=Wolfgang |last5=Steffan |first5=Guido |last6=Diehl |first6=Herbert |last7=Bosche |first7=Horst |last8=Schneider |first8=Kurt |last9=Kieczka |first9=Heinz |s2cid=178601434 |archive-date=19 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319160632/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14356007.a04_455 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last1=Falbe |first1=Jürgen |title=Alcohols, Aliphatic |date=2000-06-15 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14356007.a01_279 |encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |pages=a01_279 |editor-last=Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |place=Weinheim, Germany |publisher=Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |language=en |doi=10.1002/14356007.a01_279 |isbn=978-3-527-30673-2 |access-date=2022-03-03 |last2=Bahrmann |first2=Helmut |last3=Lipps |first3=Wolfgang |last4=Mayer |first4=Dieter |archive-date=9 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220309153410/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14356007.a01_279 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In addition to ethynylation, acetylene reacts with [[carbon monoxide]], acetylene reacts to give [[acrylic acid]], or acrylic esters.  Metal catalysts are required. These derivatives form products such as [[acrylic fiber]]s, [[Acrylic glass|glass]]es, [[Acrylic paint|paint]]s, [[Acrylic resin|resin]]s, and [[Acrylate polymer|polymer]]s. Except in China, use of acetylene as a chemical feedstock has declined by 70% from 1965 to 2007 owing to cost and environmental considerations.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Takashi Ohara|author2=Takahisa Sato|author3=Noboru Shimizu|author4=Günter Prescher|author5=Helmut Schwind|author6=Otto Weiberg|author7=Klaus Marten|author8=Helmut Greim|title=Acrylic Acid and Derivatives|journal=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year=2003|page=7|doi=10.1002/14356007.a01_161.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}</ref>  In China, acetylene is a major precursor to [[vinyl chloride]].<ref name=trot/>