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=== Flora and fauna === [[File:PL-Breslau-Holzkirche-1.jpg|thumb|right|John of Nepomuk Church in [[Szczytnicki Park]], 16th-century]] There are 44 city parks and public green spaces covering around 800 hectares. The most notable are ''[[Szczytnicki Park]]'', ''Park Południowy'' (South Park) and ''[[Wladyslaw Anders|Anders]] Park''. In addition, Wrocław University runs an historical [[University of Wrocław Botanical Garden|Botanical garden]] (founded in 1811), with a salient Alpine garden, a lake and a valley.<ref>{{cite journal|author=[[Robin Lane Fox]]|title=An Alpine garden in Poland with a heavenly Devil's Lapfoot|date= 4 October 2013|journal= Financial Times, Opinion Homes and Gardens|url=https://www.ft.com/content/241840ec-25ff-11e3-8ef6-00144feab7de |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/241840ec-25ff-11e3-8ef6-00144feab7de |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date= 5 October 2013}}</ref> In Wrocław, the presence of over 200 species of birds has been registered, of which over 100 have nesting places there.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gazetawroclawska.pl/we-wroclawiu-juz-ponad-200-gatunkow-ptakow-przybywa-tych-cieplolubnych-znacie-je-wszystkie/ar/c1-14942054|title=We Wrocławiu już ponad 200 gatunków ptaków. Przybywa tych ciepłolubnych. Znacie je wszystkie?|first=Celina|last=Marchewka|date=28 April 2020|website=Gazeta Wrocławska|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=9 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409111625/https://gazetawroclawska.pl/we-wroclawiu-juz-ponad-200-gatunkow-ptakow-przybywa-tych-cieplolubnych-znacie-je-wszystkie/ar/c1-14942054|url-status=live}}</ref> As in other large Polish cities, the most numerous are [[Rock dove|pigeons]]. Other common species are the [[House sparrow|sparrow]], [[Eurasian tree sparrow|tree sparrow]], [[Eurasian siskin|siskin]], [[Rook (bird)|rook]], [[Hooded crow|crow]], [[Western jackdaw|jackdaw]], [[Eurasian magpie|magpie]], [[Common swift|swift]], [[Common house martin|martin]], [[Barn swallow|swallow]], [[Common kestrel|kestrel]], [[mute swan]], [[mallard]], [[Eurasian coot|coot]], [[Common merganser|merganser]], [[black-headed gull]], [[great tit]], [[Eurasian blue tit|blue tit]], [[long-tailed tit]], [[European greenfinch|greenfinch]], [[hawfinch]], [[Eurasian collared dove|collared dove]], [[common wood pigeon]], [[fieldfare]], [[redwing]], [[common starling]], [[grey heron]], [[white stork]], [[common chaffinch]], [[Common blackbird|blackbird]], [[Eurasian jay|jay]], [[Eurasian nuthatch|nuthatch]], [[Eurasian bullfinch|bullfinch]], [[Common cuckoo|cuckoo]], [[Bohemian waxwing|waxwing]], [[lesser spotted woodpecker]], [[great spotted woodpecker]], [[white-backed woodpecker]], [[white wagtail]], [[Eurasian blackcap|blackcap]], [[black redstart]], [[old world flycatcher]], [[emberizidae]], [[European goldfinch|goldfinch]], [[western marsh harrier]], [[little bittern]], [[common moorhen]], [[Common reed bunting|reed bunting]], [[remiz]], [[great reed warbler]], [[little crake]], [[little ringed plover]] and [[white-tailed eagle]].<ref name="FaunaFloraWroclawiu">{{cite web|url=https://www.wroclaw.pl/srodowisko/fauna-i-flora-we-wroclawiu|title=Fauna i flora we Wroclawiu – Środowisko Wrocław|website=www.wroclaw.pl|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=23 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823230422/http://www.wroclaw.pl/srodowisko/fauna-i-flora-we-wroclawiu|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:Jesienny Park Poludniowy.jpg|thumb|left|Wrocław South Park – ''Park Południowy'']] In addition, the city is periodically plagued by the [[brown rat]], especially in the Market Square and in the vicinity of [[Eatery|eateries]]. Otherwise, due to the proximity of wooded areas, there are [[Erinaceidae|hedgehogs]], [[Red fox|foxes]], [[wild boar]], [[bat]]s, [[Beech marten|martens]], [[Red squirrel|squirrels]], [[roe deer]], [[Leporidae|hares]], [[Eurasian beaver|beavers]], [[European polecat|polecats]], [[Eurasian otter|otters]], [[European badger|badgers]], [[Least weasel|weasels]], [[stoat]]s and [[raccoon dog]]s. There are also occasional sightings of escaped [[muskrat]], [[american mink]] and [[raccoon]].<ref name="FaunaFloraWroclawiu"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wroclaw.pl/wroclaw-dzikie-zwierzeta-w-miescie|title=Wrocław-dzikie zwierzęta w naszym mieście|first=Beata|last=Jackowska|website=www.wroclaw.pl|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928205632/https://www.wroclaw.pl/dla-mieszkanca/wroclaw-dzikie-zwierzeta-w-miescie|url-status=live}}</ref>
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