Editing United Artists (section)

===The 1990s===
In November 1990, Italian financier [[Giancarlo Parretti]] purchased MGM/UA. He'd previously purchased [[The Cannon Group, Inc.|Cannon Films]] and renamed it Pathé Communications, anticipating a successful purchase of [[Pathé]], the famed French film company. But his attempt failed – largely from the French government looking into Parretti's shady past – and instead he merged MGM/UA with his former company, resulting in [[MGM-Pathé Communications]] Co. During the transaction, Parretti overstated his own financial condition and obtained a loan under false pretenses; this was a harbinger of the chaos the studio fell into under his ownership. Debts went unpaid, forcing the delay of several films, as Parretti looted the company, fired most of the financial staff and feuded with Alan Ladd Jr. over control. To prevent any further damage (and in part to prevent their own financial misdeeds from coming to light), [[Crédit Lyonnais]], Parretti's primary lender, foreclosed on the studio in 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE PREDATOR HOW AN ITALIAN THUG LOOTED MGM, BROUGHT CREDIT LYONNAIS TO ITS KNEES, AND MADE THE POPE CRY. – July 8, 1996 |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1996/07/08/214344/ |access-date=2023-08-14 |website=money.cnn.com}}</ref><ref name=PBart>{{cite news| title=MGM: Sometimes a Roaring Silence Is Best| url=https://variety.com/2013/biz/news/mgm-sometimes-a-roaring-silence-is-best-1200341378/| last=Bart| first=Peter| date=April 10, 2013| newspaper=Variety| access-date=October 1, 2017| archive-date=September 21, 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921204225/http://variety.com/2013/biz/news/mgm-sometimes-a-roaring-silence-is-best-1200341378/| url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Fleming"/> This resulted in Parretti defaulting on his loans and subsequently being convicted of securities fraud. On July 2, 1992, MGM-Pathé Communications was again named [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc.]] In an effort to make MGM/UA saleable, Credit Lyonnais ramped up production and convinced [[John Calley]] to run UA.  Under his supervision, Calley revived the ''Pink Panther'' and ''James Bond'' franchises and highlighted UA's past by giving the widest release ever to a film with an NC-17 rating, ''[[Showgirls]]''. Credit Lyonnais sold MGM in 1996, again to Kirk Kerkorian's Tracinda, leading to Calley's departure.<ref name="Fleming"/>

In 1999, filmmaker [[Francis Ford Coppola]] attempted to buy UA from Kerkorian who rejected the offer. Coppola signed a production deal with the studio instead.<ref name="Medavoy"/>