Editing USS Missouri (BB-63) (section)

===Reactivation (1984–1990)===
[[File:Missouri Recomissioned (1986).jpg|thumb|right|Crewmen [[manning the rails]] of ''Missouri'' during her recommissioning ceremony in San Francisco]]

Under the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan Administration]]'s program to build a [[600-ship Navy]], led by Secretary of the Navy [[John F. Lehman]], ''Missouri'' was reactivated and towed by the [[salvage ship]] {{USS|Beaufort|ATS-2|2}} to the Long Beach Naval Yard in the summer of 1984 to undergo modernization in advance of her scheduled recommissioning.{{sfn|DANFS}}<ref name=bsimof/> In preparation for the move, a skeleton crew of 20 spent three weeks working 12 to 16-hour days preparing the battleship for her tow.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Weissleder |first=Bob |date=November 1984 |title=Mighty Mo Rejoins Fleet |magazine=All Hands |location=Alexandria, VA |publisher=United States Navy |issue=813 |pages=26–28}}</ref>

Over the next several months, the ship had her obsolete armament removed: 20&nbsp;mm and 40&nbsp;mm AA guns, their directors, and four of her ten 5-inch gun mounts. Installed in their place on the superstructure were four Mk 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon (missile)|RGM-84 Harpoon anti-ship missiles]], eight Mk 143 Armored Box Launcher mounts for 32 [[Tomahawk (missile family)|BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles]], and a quartet of 20&nbsp;mm [[Phalanx CIWS]] [[rotary cannon]] for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft. She also received upgrades to radar and fire-control systems for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities. Additions included an [[AN/SPS-49]] early-warning radar and an [[AN/SPS-67]] surface-search radar{{sfn|Stillwell|page=393}} while the SPS-8 radar and the mainmast were removed.{{sfn|Sumrall|p=143}} The added missile capacity necessitated additional fire-support systems to launch and guide the ordnance. To fire the Harpoon anti-ship missiles, the ship was equipped with the SWG-1 fire-control system. ''Missouri'' was also outfitted with the [[AN/SLQ-25 Nixie]] to be used as a decoy against enemy torpedoes, an [[AN/SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite]] electronic-warfare system that can detect, jam, and deceive an opponent's radar and a [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] system to fire [[Chaff (countermeasure)|chaff]] rockets intended to confuse enemy missiles.{{sfn|Sharpe|1991|p=732}} The ship's crew now consisted of 65 officers and 1,450 enlisted men.{{sfn|Sumrall|p=159}}

During the modernization the ship's {{convert|800|lb|kg|abbr=on}} bell, which had been removed from the battleship and sent to [[Jefferson City, Missouri]] for sesquicentennial celebrations in the state, was formally returned to the battleship in advance of her recommissioning.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=September 1985 |title=''Missouri'' bell returned |magazine=All Hands |location=Alexandria, VA |publisher=United States Navy |issue=822 |page=16}}</ref> ''Missouri'' was formally recommissioned in San Francisco on 10 May 1986 with Captain Albert Kaiss in command. "This is a day to celebrate the rebirth of American sea power", Secretary of Defense [[Caspar Weinberger]] told an audience of 10,000 at the recommissioning ceremony, instructing the crew to "listen for the footsteps of those who have gone before you. They speak to you of honor and the importance of duty. They remind you of your own traditions."<ref name="chinfo">{{cite web |title= USS ''Missouri'' (BB-63) |url=http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/ships/battleships/missouri/bb63-mo.html |work=The Battleships |publisher= United States Navy Office of Information |date=24 April 2000 |access-date=15 December 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207002750/http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/ships/battleships/missouri/bb63-mo.html |archive-date=7 December 2006}}</ref> Margaret Truman gave a short speech especially aimed at the ship's crew, which ended with "now take care of my baby." Her remarks were met with rounds of applause from the crew.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://beta.abcnewsvsource.com/search/index/keywords/NEWS-NY?page_id=1289 |title=USS Missouri |date=10 May 1986 |website=ABC News |access-date=25 October 2019  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707073746/http://beta.abcnewsvsource.com/search/index/keywords/NEWS-NY?page_id=1289 |archive-date=7 July 2011}}</ref>

[[File:AO-146 refuel CV-63 BB-63 1986.jpeg|thumb|left|''Missouri'' undertaking an [[underway replenishment]] with {{USS|Kitty Hawk|CV-63|2}} from the [[Military Sealift Command|MSC]] ship {{USNS|Kawishiwi|T-AO-146|6}}]]

Only briefly in command, Kaiss was relieved by Captain James A. Carney on 20 June.{{sfn|Stillwell|page=389}} Three months later ''Missouri'' departed from her new home port of [[Naval Station Long Beach|Long Beach]] for an around-the-world cruise, visiting Pearl Harbor Hawaii; [[Sydney]], [[Hobart]], and [[Perth]], Australia; [[Diego Garcia]]; the [[Suez Canal]]; [[Istanbul]], Turkey; [[Naples]], Italy; [[Rota, Andalusia|Rota]], Spain; [[Lisbon]], Portugal; and the [[Panama Canal]]. ''Missouri'' became the first American battleship to [[circumnavigation|circumnavigate]] the globe since [[Theodore Roosevelt]]'s "[[Great White Fleet]]" 80 years before—a fleet which included the first battleship named {{USS|Missouri|BB-11}}.{{sfn|DANFS}}

In 1987, ''Missouri'' was outfitted with 40&nbsp;mm [[grenade launcher]]s and 25&nbsp;mm [[chain gun]]s and sent to take part in [[Operation Earnest Will]], the escorting of reflagged [[Kuwait]]i [[oil tankers]] in the [[Persian Gulf]].<ref name="BAW">{{cite book |last=Poyer |first=Joe |editor-first1=Andy |editor-last1=Lightbody |editor-first2=Taylor |editor-last2=Blaine |title=Battleships at War: America's Century Long Romance with the Big Guns of the Fleet |publisher=Challenge Publications, Inc |location=Canoga Park, California |pages=50–53 |chapter=Are These the Last Battleships? |year=1991}}</ref> These smaller-caliber weapons were installed due to the threat of [[Iran]]ian-manned, [[Sweden|Swedish]]-made [[Boghammar]] [[cigarette boat]]s operating in the Persian Gulf at the time.<ref>{{cite web |title=Frequently asked questions aboard the ''Missouri'' |url=http://ussmissouri.com/faq.aspx |website= USS Missouri Memorial Association |year=2004 |access-date=24 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016203719/http://ussmissouri.com/faq.aspx |archive-date=16 October 2007}}</ref> On 25 July, the ship departed on a six-month deployment to the Indian Ocean and North [[Arabian Sea]]. She spent more than 100 continuous days at sea in a hot, tense environment. As the centerpiece for Battlegroup Echo, ''Missouri'' escorted tanker convoys through the [[Strait of Hormuz]], keeping her fire-control system trained on land-based Iranian [[Silkworm (missile)|Silkworm missile]] launchers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ussmissouri.com/CmdHist/ch22.htm |first=J. J. |last=Chernesky |title=Command History, Calendar Year 1987, (OPNAV Report Symbol 5750-1) |page=2 |website=USS Missouri Memorial Association |date=October 1987 |access-date=24 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030527231310/http://ussmissouri.com/CmdHist/ch22.htm |archive-date=27 May 2003}}</ref>

The ship returned to the United States via Diego Garcia, Australia, and Hawaii in early 1988. Captain John Chernesky relieved Carney on 6 July in Pearl Harbor during the biennial [[Exercise RIMPAC|Rim of the Pacific (RimPac) exercises]] that had begun a few weeks earlier. Other highlights during the year included port visits in [[British Columbia]] and [[Washington (state)|Washington]].{{sfn|Stillwell|pages=382, 389}}

In the early months of 1989, ''Missouri'' was in the [[Long Beach Naval Shipyard]] for routine maintenance. It was there that the Missouri was the site and setting of [[Cher|Cher's]] music video for ''[[If I Could Turn Back Time]]''. A few months later she departed for the multi-national [[Pacific Exercise 89|Pacific Exercise (PacEx) '89]], where she and ''New Jersey'' performed a firepower demonstration off Okinawa for the Japanese and some of the other allied ships. Missouri fired 45 rounds of 16-inch and 263 of 5-inch, considerably more than her sister. The highlight of PacEx was a port visit in [[Pusan]], [[Republic of Korea]] during which she had some trouble docking in the port's shallow water. At the end of the year, the ship visited [[Mazatlan]], Mexico. In early 1990, ''Missouri'' again took part in the RimPac Exercise and Kaiss returned to relieve Chernesky on 13 June.{{sfn|Stillwell|pages=296–298, 300, 389}}