Editing Thirty Years' War (section)

===Catalonia===
{{main|Reapers' War}}
Throughout the 1630s, tax increases levied to pay for the war led to protests throughout Spanish territories, which in 1640 resulted in revolts: first in Portugal, then in the [[Principality of Catalonia]]. Backed by France as part of Richelieu's 'war by diversion', in January 1641 the rebels proclaimed a [[Catalan Republic (1641)|Catalan Republic]].{{Sfn|Parker|1997|p=153}} The Madrid government quickly assembled an army of 26,000 men to crush the revolt, which defeated the rebels at [[Battle of Martorell (1641)|Martorell]] on 23 January 1641. The French now persuaded the [[Catalan Courts]] to recognise Louis XIII as [[Count of Barcelona]], and ruler of Catalonia.{{Sfn|Van Gelderen|2002|p=284}}

On 26 January, a combined French-Catalan force routed a larger Spanish army at [[Battle of Montjuïc (1641)|Montjuïc]] and secured [[Barcelona]]. However, the rebels soon found the new French administration differed little from the old, turning the war into a three-sided contest between the Franco-Catalan elite, the rural peasantry, and the Spanish. There was little serious fighting after France took control of [[Perpignan]] and [[Roussillon]], establishing the current-day Franco-Spanish border in the Pyrenees. The revolt ended in 1651 when Madrid recaptured [[Siege of Barcelona (1651)|Barcelona]].{{Sfn|Mitchell|2005|pp=431–448}}