Editing Spermatozoon (section)

== MMP and capacitation ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=June 2021}}
The [[capacitation]] is the final phase of spermatozoa development, when they acquire the capability to fertilize the oocyte. In vivo, it happens during ejaculation, when spermatozoa leave the vagina and come in the superior female reproductive tract. In vitro, it happens when the spermatozoa is washed and purified. Almost 30-40% of [[infertility]] is due to male factor, so several strategies have been created in order to recover the functional spermatozoa. The MMP (Million Motile Progressive cells per milliliter) measure is synonymous with [[capacitation]], and is very useful parameter to decide, along with a [[semen analysis|spermiogram]], the kind of treatment needed. it represents the ratio between the % of progressive motile sperm obtained in capacitated and the % of progressive motile sperm obtained in ejaculated. It is based on the recovery percentage. Depending on the percentage, we will decide the quality of the motile spermatozoa recovery: 15 to 25 million sperm/ml is considered optimal, between 5 and 15 million is considered enough and less than 5 million is considered sub-optimal or not sufficient. Regarding the values that we have obtained, along with the spermiogram results, different techniques will be displayed.

For example, if more than 1.0×10<sup>6</sup> progressive motile sperm per milliliter are found, it will be recommended to have sexual intercourse, and if that fails, the next step will be [[intrauterine insemination]] and later conventional [[in vitro fertilisation|in vitro fertilization]].

With less than 1.0×10<sup>6</sup> progressive motile sperm per milliliter, we will perform [[intracytoplasmic sperm injection]]. In case of azoospermia (no spermatozoa in the ejaculate), we will do a testicular biopsy in order to check if there are spermatozoa in the testes or if no spermatozoa are being produced.