Editing Somaliland (section)

==== Burao Tax Revolt and RAF bombing ====
{{main|1922 Burao tax revolt}}
[[File:Captainallangibb.jpg|thumb|Captain Allan Gibb]]
The people of Burao clashed with the British in 1922. They revolted in opposition to a new tax that was imposed upon them, rioting and attacking British government officials. This led to a shootout between the British and Burao residents in which Captain Allan Gibb, a Dervish war veteran and district commissioner, was shot and killed. The British requested Sir [[Winston Churchill]], then [[Secretary of State for the Colonies]], to send troops from [[Aden]] and Air Force bombers Burao the revolting clans' livestock.<ref>Colonial Office, 11 April 1922</ref> The RAF planes arrived at Burao within two days and proceeded to bomb the town with incendiaries, effectively burning the entire settlement to the ground.<ref>The British Empire as a Superpower By Anthony Clayton pp.223</ref><ref>Public Record Office file CO 1069/13 Part 1, by the first officer commanding "B" (Nyasaland) Company SCC.
</ref><ref>The King's African Rifles by H. Moyse-Bartlett</ref><ref name="corr 1922">Correspondence between Governor of British Somaliland and Secretary of State for the Colonies. Colonial Office, 26 March 1922.</ref>

Telegram from [[Geoffrey Archer (colonial administrator)|Sir Geoffrey Archer]], Governor of British Somaliland to [[Sir Winston Churchill]] the [[Secretary of State for the Colonies]]:
<blockquote>I deeply regret to inform that during an affray at Burao yesterday between Rer Sugulleh and Akils of other tribes Captain Gibb was shot dead. Having called out Camel corps company to quell the disturbance, he went forward himself with his interpreter, whereupon fire opened on him by some Rer segulleh riflemen and he was instantly killed..Miscreants then disappeared under the cover of darkness.
To meet the situation created by the Murder of Gibb, we require two aeroplanes for about fourteen days. I have arranged with resident, Aden, for these. And made formal application, which please confirm. It is proposed they fly via Perim, confining sea crossing to 12 miles. We propose to inflict fine of 2,500 camels on implicated sections, who are practically isolated and demand surrender of man who killed Gibbs. He is known. Fine to be doubled in failure to comply with latter conditions and aeroplanes to be used to bomb stock on grazing grounds.<ref>Correspondence between Governor of British Somaliland and Secretary of State for the Colonies. Colonial Office, 28th February, 1922</ref></blockquote>

Sir Winston Churchill reporting on the Burao incident at the [[House of Commons]]:

<blockquote>On 25th February the Governor of Somaliland telegraphed that an affray between tribesmen had taken place at Burao on the previous day, in the course of which Captain Allan Gibb, D.S.O., D.C.M., the District Commissioner at Burao, had been shot dead. Captain Gibb had advanced with his interpreter to quell the disturbance, when 1954 fire was opened upon him by some riflemen, and he was instantly killed. The murderers escaped under cover of falling darkness.
Captain Gibb was an officer of long and valued service in Somaliland, whose loss I deeply regret. From the information available, his murder does not appear to have been premeditated, but it inevitably had a disturbing effect upon the surrounding tribes, and immediate dispositions of troops became necessary to ensure the apprehension and punishment of those responsible for the murder. On 27th February the Governor telegraphed that, to meet the situation which had arisen, he required two aeroplanes for purposes of demonstration, and suggested that two aeroplanes from the Royal Air Force Detachment at Aden should fly over to Berber a from Aden. He also telegraphed that in certain circumstances it might become necessary to ask for reinforcements of troops to be sent to the Protectorate.<ref>1922 Commons sitting. HC Deb 14 March 1922 vol 151 cc1953-4</ref></blockquote>

James Lawrence author of ''Imperial Rearguard: Wars of Empire'' writes

<blockquote>[Gibb]..was murdered by rioters during a protest against taxation at Burao. Governor Archer immediately called for aircraft which were at Burao within two days. The inhabitants of the native township were turned out of their houses, and the entire area was razed by a combination of bombing, machine-gun fire and burning.<ref>Imperial Rearguard: Wars of Empire, 1919–1985 pp.168</ref></blockquote>

After the RAF aircraft bombed Burao to the ground, the leaders of the rebellion acquiesced, agreeing to pay a fine for Gibb's death, but they refused to identify and apprehend the accused individuals. Most of the men responsible for Gibb's shooting evaded capture. In light of the failure to implement the taxation without provoking a violent response, the British abandoned the policy altogether.<ref>British Somaliland: An Administrative History, 1920–1960 pp.110</ref><ref>{{cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=tW_eEVbVxpEC&q=Gibbs&pg=PA991|title=Dictionary of battles and sieges P-Z, p.991|isbn=978-0-313-33539-6|last1=Jaques|first1=Tony|year=2007|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref><ref name="corr 1922"/>