Editing Silicon Valley (section)

===Advent of software===
Although semiconductors are still a major component of the area's economy, Silicon Valley has been most famous in recent years for innovations in software and [[Internet]] services. Silicon Valley has significantly influenced computer operating systems, [[software]], and user interfaces. Using money from [[NASA]], the [[United States Air Force|US Air Force]], and [[DARPA|ARPA]], [[Douglas Engelbart]] invented the [[computer mouse|mouse]] and hypertext-based collaboration tools in the mid-1960s and 1970s while at [[Stanford Research Institute]] (now SRI International), first publicly demonstrated in 1968 in what is now known as [[The Mother of All Demos]].

Engelbart's [[Augmentation Research Center]] at SRI was also involved in launching the [[ARPANET]] (precursor to the [[Internet]]) and starting the [[InterNIC|Network Information Center]] (now [[InterNIC]]). [[Xerox]] hired some of Engelbart's best researchers beginning in the early 1970s. In turn, in the 1970s and 1980s, Xerox's [[PARC (company)|Palo Alto Research Center]] (PARC) played a pivotal role in [[object-oriented]] programming, [[graphical user interface]]s (GUIs), [[Ethernet]], [[PostScript]], and [[laser printer]]s.

While Xerox marketed equipment using its technologies, for the most part its technologies flourished elsewhere. The diaspora of Xerox inventions led directly to [[3Com]] and [[Adobe Inc.|Adobe Systems]], and indirectly to [[Cisco]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple Computer]], and [[Microsoft]]. Apple's [[Mac (computer)|Macintosh]] GUI was largely a result of [[Steve Jobs]]' visit to PARC and the subsequent hiring of key personnel.<ref>[http://apple-history.com/gui.html Graphical User Interface (GUI)] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021001230844/http://www.apple-history.com/gui.html |date=October 1, 2002 }} from apple-history.com</ref> Cisco's impetus stemmed from the need to route a variety of protocols over [[Stanford University]]'s [[Ethernet]] [[campus network]].<ref>{{cite book |first=John K. |last=Waters |date=2002 |title=John Chambers and the Cisco Way: Navigating Through Volatility |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9780471273554 |page=28}}</ref>[[File:Steve Jobs presents iPhone (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] founder [[Steve Jobs]] introducing the [[IPhone (1st generation)|iPhone]] in 2007]]