Editing September Morn (section)

====Widespread reproduction and imitation====
A 1937 ''[[The Salt Lake Tribune|Salt Lake Tribune]]'' article stated that, after the 1913 controversies, reproductions of ''September Morn'' were shown "on the front page of every newspaper in the land".{{sfn|Salt Lake Tribune 1937}} Ortiz required these newspapers to pay a charge and mention his copyright, otherwise face a penalty of $500 to $1000;{{efn|${{Inflation|US|500|1913|fmt=c}} to ${{Inflation|US|1000|1913|fmt=c}} today.{{Inflation-fn|US}}}} Chase recalled that ''Vogue'' had been one of those charged.{{Sfn|Chase|Chase|1954|p=66}} These newspaper reproductions, however, were sometimes censored. Fred L. Boalt of ''[[The Seattle Star]]'', covering a local exhibit of a reproduction, explained his newspaper's rationale for such censorship: "For humane as well as other reasons, [...] the ''Star'' artist has painted in a short petticoat. He didn't want to do it. He suffered. But we made him do it."{{sfn|Boalt|1913|p=1}}

Lithograph copies of ''September Morn'' were mass-produced for popular sale, extending the [[succès de scandale|success that followed the scandal]], and were widely hung in private homes.{{sfn|Carson|1961}} Reproductions were featured on a variety of products, including cigar bands, postcards, bottle openers, statuettes, [[watch fob]]s, and candy boxes;{{Sfn|Shteir|2004|p=59}}{{sfn|Carson|1961}} the model was also popular as a tattoo.{{sfn|Ellis|1975|p=92}} ''September Morn'' was the first [[nude calendar|nude used for calendars]],{{sfn|Sarasota Herald-Tribune 1973}} and by the late 1950s it had featured on millions.{{sfn|The Berkshire County Eagle 1957}} A couplet referring to Chabas's work, "Please don't think I'm bad or bold, but where its deep it's awful<!--Shteir gives two "w"s, but everywhere else (including some old memorabilia) it's one--> cold", was widely circulated.{{Sfn|Shteir|2004|p=59}}

<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="235px" caption="Media and merchandise">
'September Morn' Pins.jpg|''September Morn'' pins
September Morn postcard.jpg|Postcard after ''September Morn''
You needn't wait for September Morn to show up.jpg|Postcard by [[Bernhardt Wall]] after ''September Morn''
Oh, You September Morn title sheet.jpg|Title page to "[[:File:Oh, You September Morn.pdf|Oh, You September Morn]]", a song from the musical ''September Morn''
Scene from September Mourn.jpg|A scene from ''September Mourning'', a 1915 [[L-KO Kompany|L-KO]] film inspired by the painting
</gallery>
Allusions to the painting were common in vaudeville acts,{{sfn|Considine|1957|p=3}} becoming stock gags in the [[Orpheum Circuit]].{{sfn|Time 1957}} Stage imitations of the painting were also created. In 1913, for instance, [[Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.]] cast [[Ann Pennington (actress)|Ann Pennington]] as the model as part of his ''[[Ziegfeld Follies|Follies]]''. In this successful version of ''September Morn'', the subject bore a sheer cape, with leaves placed strategically over her body, and stood on a stage made-up as water.{{Sfn|Shteir|2004|p=59}}{{sfn|Vallillo|1981|p=27}}{{sfn|Adams|Keene|Koella|2012|p=75}} A [[burlesque]] act, deeming itself the "September Morning Glories", was also created,{{sfn|Toledo Blade 1958}} as was a three-act [[Musical theatre|musical]] based on the painting. The latter&nbsp;– featuring a fifty-strong [[chorus line]]&nbsp;– was put on by Arthur Gillespie and Frank Tannehill Jr. and debuted at the [[La Salle Theater (Chicago)|La Salle Theater]] in Chicago.{{sfn|Brauer|2011|p=124}}{{sfn|The Charlotte News 1915}} In Milwaukee, a man wearing "little or no clothing" passed himself off as "September Morn" at the 1915 [[Wisconsin State Fair]]; he was brought to trial and fined $25.{{efn|${{Inflation|US|25|1913|fmt=c}} today.{{Inflation-fn|US}}}}{{Sfn|The Milwaukee Sentinel 1915}} Theatrical references to the painting continued into the 1950s. For instance, in [[Tennessee Williams]]'s 1957 play ''[[Orpheus Descending]]'', the character Val sees it hanging in his room and mentions he "might keep turning the light on to take another look at it".{{sfn|Williams|1971|p=296}}

''September Morn'' also inspired several films. A two-reel production by [[Pathé]], titled ''[[September Morn (film)|September Morn]]'', was released in February 1914 and followed the misadventures of a sailor who gets a tattoo of the model. After his girlfriend disapproves, he tries clothing the naked woman with a ripped skirt, but this fails to gain his lover's approval; ultimately, he ends up with a fully clothed nude and the text "Votes for Women" inked on his arm.{{sfn|Taylor|2012|pp=166–167}}{{sfn|Moving Picture World 1914, September Morn}} Meanwhile, ''September Mourning'', a November 1915 release produced by [[L-KO Kompany|L-KO]], portrayed a pair of artists first vying for the attentions of a young woman in the park, then invading a school for girls.{{sfn|Taylor|2012|pp=166–167}} Robert McElravy, reviewing for ''Moving Picture World'', found the film funny, but considered it to lack plot.{{sfn|McElravy|1915|p=1319}} A third film, [[Lois Weber]]'s ''[[The Hypocrites (1915 film)|Hypocrites]]'', portrayed "The Naked Truth" (an uncredited Margaret Edwards) in a manner similar to Chabas's model.{{sfn|Taylor|2012|pp=166–167}} Allusions in popular media continued until at least the 1960s. ''September Morn'' was alluded to by a 1964 episode of ''[[The Dick Van Dyke Show]]'', "October Eve", where a nude painting of one of the main characters is discovered for sale in an art gallery.<ref>DVD commentary on the "October Eve" episode by Dick Van Dyke and Carl Reiner, ''Dick Van Dyke Show: Complete Remastered Series'' DVD Set, Image Entertainment, 2015.</ref>

{{Quote box
 |quote  = <poem>
:I want that girl they call September Morn;
:I'd like to meet her, I'd like to meet her!
:Dress'd up like the day that she was born,
:There's no one sweeter! there's no one sweeter!
:Nothing 'round her but a cloud of mist.
:She's a vision that I can't resist.
:In my heart she's posing night and day,
:I can't forget her, I can't forget her!
:I want that girl they call September Morn;
:I'd like to meet her. I'd like to meet her,
:If you find her won't you please remind her that I'm oh, so lonely, lonely,
:Oh so lonely! And I'm waiting for her only.
:For that girl they call September Morn.
</poem>
 |source =&nbsp;—Chorus to "[[:File:September Morn (I'd Like to Meet Her).pdf|September Morn (I'd Like to Meet Her)]]", by [[Stanley Murphy]]
}}
Several songs inspired by ''September Morn'' were likewise released. Musicians Frank Black and Bobby Heath penned a song, "September Morn", based on the painting,{{sfn|Considine|1957|p=3}} and [[Aubrey Stauffer]] of Chicago published [[sheet music]] (for voice and piano) of "[[:File:Oh, You September Morn.pdf|Oh, You September Morn]]", from Gillespie and Tannehill's musical.{{sfn|WorldCat, Oh You September Morn}} At [[Tin Pan Alley]], Henry I. Marshall composed two works, a [[waltz]] for piano titled "[[:File:Matin de Septembre (September Morn).pdf|Matin de Septembre (September Morn)]]", and a piece for voice and piano titled "[[:File:September Morn (I'd Like to Meet Her).pdf|September Morn (I'd Like to Meet Her)]]", the latter featuring lyrics by [[Stanley Murphy]]. Both were published through Jerome H. Remick&nbsp;{{&}}&nbsp;Co. in 1913.{{sfn|Carson|1961}}{{sfn|WorldCat, Matin de Septembre}}{{sfn|WorldCat, September Morn}}

''September Morn'' also inspired an eponymous lime and [[grenadine]] cocktail, described in 1917 as having gin, {{sfn|Bullock|1917}} and later in 1930 with rum and egg white. {{sfn|Craddock|1930}}

As interest grew, purity societies attempted to ban reproductions of ''September Morn'',{{Sfn|Shteir|2004|p=59}} and people in possession of them ran the risk of confiscation and fines.{{sfn|Brauer|2011|p=124}} Postcards bearing the painting were banned from the postal system.{{Sfn|Shteir|2004|p=59}} Harold Marx, a [[New Orleans]] art dealer who displayed a reproduction, was arrested a month after being told to take the painting down;{{sfn|Green|Karolides|2009|p=506}}{{sfn|The Indianapolis Star 1913}} displays of reproductions were also forcibly removed in [[Miami]] and [[Atlanta]].{{sfn|The Miami News 1983}} In Chicago, a man was charged with disorderly conduct after bringing home a reproduction.{{sfn|The Pittsburgh Press 1913, Trouble Maker}} Irene Deal, who dressed in a [[union suit]] and posed as "Miss September Morn" <!--in the [[Allegheny River]]-->in [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]], as a publicity stunt, was controversially fined $50{{efn|${{Inflation|US|50|1913|fmt=c}} today.{{Inflation-fn|US}}}} for disorderly conduct.{{sfn|Variety 1913, Ideal's 'Morn'}}{{sfn|Variety 1913, Ideal is Fined}} In 1914, students at the [[College of Wooster]] in [[Wooster, Ohio]], burned a copy of the painting for being against their religious beliefs.{{sfn|The Washington Post}}

Ultimately some 7&nbsp;million reproductions of ''September Morn'', prints of which remained popular as late as the 1960s, were sold.{{sfn|Werner|1961|pp=219–220}} Reichenbach characterized this popularity as a "laugh on the overzealous guardians of virtue" in which the entire American populace participated.{{sfn|Reichenbach|Freedman|1931|pp=104–105}} Inspired by the commercial success of ''September Morn'', displays of images of nude women became more common; a ''New York Times'' reader wrote in 1915 that they had become "increasingly vulgar and suggestive".{{sfn|The New York Times 1915}}

In 1937 ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' deemed ''September Morn'' "one of the most familiar paintings in the world",{{sfn|Life 1937, Painter}} and a retrospective ''[[Toledo Blade]]'' article characterized the model as having become America's number one [[pin-up girl]].{{sfn|Toledo Blade 1958}} Writing in 1957, Considine declared ''September Morn'' to be "the most controversial painting in the history of [the United States]",{{sfn|Considine|1957|p=3}} and the ''[[New York Post]]'' declared it "the most famous nude till the [[Marilyn Monroe]] calendar".<ref>Quoted in {{harvnb|Brauer|2011|p=124}}.</ref> Carson wrote in 1961 that ''September Morn'' had caused "the most heated controversy over nudity, art, and morals" in the United States since [[Hiram Powers]]' statue ''[[The Greek Slave]]'' in the 1840s.{{sfn|Carson|1961}}