Editing Self-harm (section)

===Autonomic nervous system===
Emotional pain activates the same regions of the brain as physical pain,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kross E, Berman MG, Mischel W, Smith EE, Wager TD |title=Social rejection shares somatosensory representations with physical pain |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=108 |issue=15 |pages=6270–6275 |date=April 2011 |pmc=3076808 |bibcode=2011PNAS..108.6270K |doi=10.1073/pnas.1102693108 |doi-access=free |pmid=21444827}}</ref> so emotional stress can be a significantly intolerable state for some people. Some of this is environmental and some of this is due to physiological differences in responding.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Porges SW |title=The polyvagal theory: phylogenetic substrates of a social nervous system |journal=International Journal of Psychophysiology |volume=42 |issue=2 |pages=123–146 |date=October 2001 |doi=10.1016/s0167-8760(01)00162-3 |pmid=11587772}}</ref> The [[autonomic nervous system]] is composed of two components: the [[sympathetic nervous system]] controls arousal and physical activation (e.g., the [[fight-or-flight response]]) and the [[parasympathetic nervous system]] controls physical processes that are automatic (e.g., saliva production). The sympathetic nervous system innervates (e.g., is physically connected to and regulates) many parts of the body involved in stress responses. Studies of adolescents have shown that adolescents who self-injure have greater physiological reactivity (e.g., skin conductance) to stress than adolescents who do not self-injure.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Crowell SE, Beauchaine TP, McCauley E, Smith CJ, Stevens AL, Sylvers P |title=Psychological, autonomic, and serotonergic correlates of parasuicide among adolescent girls |journal=Development and Psychopathology |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=1105–1127 |year=2005 |s2cid=12056367 |doi=10.1017/s0954579405050522 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024 |pmid=16613433}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Nock MK, Mendes WB |title=Physiological arousal, distress tolerance, and social problem-solving deficits among adolescent self-injurers |journal=Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=28–38 |date=February 2008 |citeseerx=10.1.1.506.4280 |doi=10.1037/0022-006x.76.1.28 |pmid=18229980}}</ref>