Editing Robert Hooke (section)

=== Microscopy ===
{{main|Micrographia}}

In 1663 and 1664, Hooke made his microscopic, and some astronomic, observations, which he collated in ''[[Micrographia]]'' in 1665.  His book, which describes observations with microscopes and telescopes, as well as original work in biology, contains the earliest-recorded observation of a microorganism, the microfungus ''[[Mucor]]''.{{sfnp|Gest|2004}}{{sfnp|Gest|2009}} Hooke coined the term "[[cell (biology)|cell]]", suggesting a resemblance between plant structures and [[honeycomb]] cells.{{sfnp|Hooke|1665|page=[https://archive.org/details/micrographiaorso00hook/page/113/mode/1up 113]}}The hand-crafted, leather-and-gold-tooled microscope he designed and used to make the observations for ''Micrographia'', which [[Christopher Cock]] made for him in London, is on display at the [[National Museum of Health and Medicine]] in [[Maryland]].{{sfnp|Gase|2019}} Hooke's work developed from that of [[Henry Power]], who published his microscopy work in  ''Experimental Philosophy'' (1663);{{sfnp|'Espinasse|1956|p=[https://archive.org/details/roberthooke0000marg/page/54/mode/2up 54]}} in turn, the Dutch scientist [[Antonie van Leeuwenhoek]] went on to develop increased magnification and so reveal [[protozoa]], [[blood cell]]s and [[spermatozoa]].{{sfnp|'Espinasse|1956|p=[https://archive.org/details/roberthooke0000marg/page/78/mode/2up 79]}}{{sfnp|Inwood|2003|p=[https://archive.org/details/forgottengeniusb00inwo/page/62/mode/2up?view=theater 62, 63]}}

''Micrographia'' also contains Hooke's, or perhaps Boyle's and Hooke's, ideas on combustion. Hooke's experiments led him to conclude combustion involves a component of air, a statement with which modern scientists would agree but that was not understood widely, if at all, in the seventeenth century. He also concluded respiration and combustion involve a specific and limited component of air.{{sfnp|Inwood|2003|p=163}} According to Partington, if "Hooke had continued his experiments on combustion, it is probable that he would have discovered oxygen".{{sfnp|Partington|1951 | pages = 78–80 }}

[[Samuel Pepys]] wrote of the book in  [[The Diary of Samuel Pepys|his diary]] on 21 January 16{{sfrac|64|65}}{{efn|name="dual dating"}}: "Before I went to bed I sat up till two o’clock in my chamber reading of Mr. Hooke's {{notatypo|Microscopicall}} Observations, the most ingenious book that ever I read in my life".{{sfn|Pepys|1665|loc=21 January 1664/65}}

{{Gallery
| height=150
| title = Hooke's microscopy
|File:Hooke-microscope.png|Hooke's microscope, from an engraving in ''[[Micrographia]]''
|File:Hooke Microscope-03000276-FIG-4.jpg|Hooke's microscope{{sfnp|Gase|2019}}
|File:Louse diagram, Micrographia, Robert Hooke, 1667.jpg|Engraving of a louse from Hooke's ''[[Micrographia]]''
|File:HookeFlea01.jpg|Hooke's drawing of a flea
|File:RobertHookeMicrographia1665.jpg|Cell structure of [[Cork (material)|cork]] by Hooke
}}