Editing Refugee (section)

=== UNRWA  ===
[[File:Nur Shams Camp 003.jpg|thumb|Eastern part of UNRWA-run [[Nur Shams]] Palestine refugee camp (2019)]]
Unlike other refugee groups, the UN created a specific entity called the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) in the aftermath of the war in 1948, which led to a serious refugee crisis in the Arab region, and was responsible for the displacement of 700,000 Palestinian refugees. This number has gone up to at least 5 million refugees in the last 70 years.<ref name="UNRWA Palestine">{{Cite web|title=Palestine refugees|url=https://www.unrwa.org/palestine-refugees|access-date=2021-12-19|website=UNRWA|language=en}}</ref> 


The United Nations defines Palestinian refugees as "persons whose normal place of residence was Palestine during the period 1 June 1946 to 15 May 1948, and who lost both home and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 conflict."<ref name="UNRWA Palestine" /> 

The population of Palestinian refugees continues to grow due to multiple UNRWA reclassifications of what is considered to be a refugee. "In 1965, UNRWA changed the eligibility requirements to be a Palestinian refugee to include third-generation descendants, and in 1982, it extended it again, to include all descendants of Palestine refugee males, including legally adopted children, regardless of whether they had been granted citizenship elsewhere. This classification process is inconsistent with how all other refugees in the world are classified, including the definition used by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the laws concerning refugees in the United States."<ref>{{Cite web|title=UNRWA has changed the definition of refugee|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/08/17/unrwa-has-changed-the-definition-of-refugee/ |website=Foreign Policy|date=17 August 2018 |language=en |access-date=2024-02-03}}</ref> 

Another refugee wave started in 1967 after the Six-day-War, where mostly Palestinians living in Gaza and the West Bank were victims of displacement.<ref name="Ḥanafī" /> According to the United Nations, Palestinian refugees struggle with access to health care, food, clean water, sanitation, environmental health and infrastructure, education, and technology.<ref name="UNRWA 2016">{{Cite web|title=Medium Term Strategy 2016-2021|url=https://www.unrwa.org/resources/strategy-policy/medium-term-strategy-2016-2021|access-date=2021-12-19|website=UNRWA|language=en}}</ref> According to the report, food, shelter, and environmental health are a human's basic needs.<ref name="UNRWA 2016" /> United Nations agency UNRWA (The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East) focuses on addressing these issues to relieve Palestinians from any harm. UNRWA was established as a temporary agency that would carry out a humanitarian response mandate for Palestinian refugees in Gaza, the West Bank, Syria, Jordan and Lebanon.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sahlieh|first1=S. Aldeeb Abu|last2=Schiff|first2=Benjamin N.|date=1996|title=Refugees unto the Third Generation: UN Aid to Palestinians.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2547407|journal=International Migration Review|volume=30|issue=2|pages=610|doi=10.2307/2547407|jstor=2547407|s2cid=150244760 |issn=0197-9183}}</ref>

The responsibilities for the assistance for protection for Palestinian refugees and human development were originally left to the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP). This agency failed to function, which led the agency to stop working.<ref name="Ḥanafī">{{Cite book |last1=Ḥanafī |first1=Sārī |last2=Hilal |first2=Leila |last3=Takkenberg |first3=Alex |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/842364630|title=UNRWA and Palestinian refugees : from relief and works to human development |year=2014 |publisher=Routledge, Taylor & Francis |isbn=9780415715041 |oclc=842364630}}</ref> UNRWA took over these responsibilities and expanded their mandate from just humanitarian emergency relief to including human development and protection of the Palestinian society.<ref name="Ḥanafī" /> Communication with host countries where UNRWA is operating (Syria, Jordan and Lebanon) is very important as the agency's mandate changes per region.<ref name="UNRWA Work">{{Cite web |title=Where We Work UNRWA |url=https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work |access-date=2021-12-19 |website=UNRWA |language=en}}</ref> UNRWA's Medium Term Strategy is a report that lists all the issues that the Palestinians are facing and UNRWA's plan to mitigate the severeness of the issues. The report shows that UNRWA focuses mostly on food assistance, health care, education and shelter for Palestinian refugees.<ref name="UNRWA 2016" /> UNRWA has succeeded in placing over 700 schools with over 500,000 students, 140 health centers, 113 women community centers, and has awarded over 475,000 loans.<ref name="UNRWA Work" /> UNRWA's funding relies mostly on voluntary donations. Fluctuations in these donations result in constraints in carrying out the mandate.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bocco |first=R. |date=2009-01-01 |title=UNRWA and the Palestinian Refugees: A History within History |journal=Refugee Survey Quarterly |volume=28 |issue=2–3 |pages=229–252 |doi=10.1093/rsq/hdq001 |issn=1020-4067 |doi-access=free}}</ref>