Editing Ramon Llull (section)

===Other works===

====Influence of Islam and early works====

It has been pointed out that the ''Art''{{'}}s combinatorial mechanics bear a resemblance to [[zairja]], a device used by medieval Arab astrologers.<ref name="link">Link, David (2010). "Scrambling T-R-U-T-H: Rotating Letters as a Material Form of Thought", in: ''Variantology 4. On Deep Time Relations of Arts, Sciences and Technologies in the Arabic–Islamic World'', eds. Siegfried Zielinski and Eckhard Fürlus (Cologne: König, 2010): 215–266</ref>{{sfn|Lohr|1984|pp=64–65}} The Art's reliance on divine attributes also has a certain similarity to the contemplation of the [[Names of God in Islam|ninety-nine Names of God]] in the Muslim tradition.{{sfn|Lohr|1984|p=63}} Llull's familiarity with the Islamic intellectual tradition is evidenced by the fact that his first work (1271-2) was a compendium of [[Al-Ghazali]]'s logic.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lohr |first1=Charles |title=Raimundus Lullus' Compendium Logicae Algazelis. Quellen, Lehre und Stellung in der Geschichte der Logik |date=1967 |publisher=Thesis, Freiburg im Breisgau |pages=93–130}}</ref>

====Dialogues====

From early in his career Llull composed dialogues to enact the procedure of the ''Art''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Friedlein |first1=Roger |title=Der Dialog bei Ramon Llull: Literarische Gestaltung als apologetische Strategie |date=2004 |publisher=M. Niemeyer |location=Tübingen |isbn=3484523182}}</ref> This is linked to the missionary aspect of the ''Art''; Llull conceived of it as an instrument to convert all peoples of the world to Christianity, and experimented with more popular genres to make it easier to understand. His earliest and most well-known dialogue is the ''[[Book of the Gentile and the Three Wise Men]]'', written in Catalan in the 1270s and later translated into Latin. It is framed as a meeting of three wise men (a Muslim, a Jew, and a Christian) and a Gentile in the woods. They learn about the Lullian method when they encounter a set of trees with leaves inscribed with Lullian principles. Lady Intelligence appears and informs them of the properties of the trees and the rules for implementing the leaves. The wise men use the trees to prove their respective Articles of Faith to the Gentile (although some of the Islamic tenets cannot be proved with the Lullian procedure), and in the end the Gentile is converted to Christianity. 

Llull subsequently composed many other dialogues. Later in his career, when he became concerned with heretical activity in the Arts Faculty of the University of Paris, he wrote "disputations" with philosophers as interlocutors.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=van Steenberghen |first1=Fernand |title=La signification de l'oeuvre anti-averroiste de Raymond Lull |journal=Estudios Lulianos |date=1960 |volume=4 |pages=113–28}}</ref><ref>Imbach, Ruedi (1987). “Lulle face aux Averroïstes parisiens,” in ''Raymond Lulle et le pays d’Oc''. Toulouse: Privat, pp. 261–82.</ref> He also created a character for himself, and he stars in many of these dialogues as the Christian wise man (for instance: ''Liber de quaestione valde alta et profunda'', composed in 1311).

====Tree diagrams====

Llull structured many of his works around trees. In some, like the ''Book of the Gentile and the Three Wise Men'', the "leaves" of the trees stand for the combinatorial elements (principles) of the ''Art''. In other works a series of trees shows how the ''Art'' generates all ("encyclopedic") knowledge. The ''[[Tree of Science (Ramon Llull)|Tree of Science]]'' (1295-6) comprises sixteen trees ranging from earthly and moral to divine and pedagogical.<ref> English translation by Yanis Dambergs: https://lullianarts.narpan.net/TreeOfScience/TreeOfScience-1.pdf and https://lullianarts.narpan.net/TreeOfScience/TreeOfScience2.pdf</ref> Each tree is divided into seven parts (roots, trunk, branches, twigs, leaves, flowers, fruits). The roots always consist of the Lullian divine principles and from there the tree grows into the differentiated aspects of its respective category of reality.<ref>Anthony Bonner, "The structure of the Arbor scientiae". Arbor Scientiae: der Baum des Wissens von Ramon Lull. Akten des Internationalen Kongresses aus Anlass des 40-jährigen Jubiläums des Raimundus-Lullus-Instituts der Universität Freiburg i. Br., ed. Fernando Domínguez Reboiras, Pere Villalba Varneda and Peter Walter, "Instrumenta Patristica et Mediaevalia. Subsidia Lulliana" 1 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2002), pp. 21-34.</ref>

====Proverbs====
Llull wrote several books of proverbs in Catalan, to make it easier for local people to read. ''[[The Book of One Thousand Proverbs]]'', written in 1302, compiled maxims that encompassed various fields: theology, philosophy, morality, social life, and practical life. The main virtues noted of Llull's proverbs are concision, didactic simplicity, and musicality.

====Novels====
[[File:Ramon Llull (Santuari de Nostra Senyora de Cura).jpg|thumb|Ceramic ceiling light in the Sanctuary of Cura, [[Puig de Randa]].]]
Llull also wrote narrative prose drawing on the literary traditions of his time ([[Epic poetry|epic]], [[Chivalric romance|romance]]) to express the ''Art''. These works were intended to communicate the potentially complex operations of the ''Art'' to a lay audience. ''[[Blanquerna]]'' (c.1276-83) is the [?] of his novels; ''Felix'' (1287-9) is also notable, though it was not widely circulated during his lifetime and was only available in Catalan. It is a ''[[Bildungsroman]]'', of sorts, in which the titular [[protagonist]] sets out on a journey at the instigation of his father, who has written a "Book of Wonders". The book is divided into ten chapters—echoing the encyclopedic range of the ''Tree of Science''—as Felix gains knowledge of God, [[angel]]s, heavens, elements, [[plant]]s, minerals, [[animal]]s, [[Human|man]], [[Paradise]], and [[Hell]]. Felix's journey ends at a [[monastery]], where he relates the "Book of Wonders"—now embellished and fused with the account of his own adventures.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dominguez |first1=Fernando |title=Felix Summary |url=http://www.ub.edu/llulldb/bo.asp?bo=II%2EB%2E15 |website=Ramon Llull Database |access-date=14 August 2021}}</ref>