Editing Pulled rickshaw (section)

=====Shanghai=====

Shanghai's rickshaw industry began in 1874 with 1,000 rickshaws imported from Japan. By 1914 there were 9,718 vehicles. The pullers were a large group of the city's working poor: 100,000 men pulled rickshaws by the early 1940s, up from 62,000 in the mid-1920s.<ref>{{cite book | title=Beyond the Neon Lights: Everyday Shanghai in the Early Twentieth Century | url=https://archive.org/details/beyondneonlights0000luha/page/65 | url-access=registration | author=Hanchao Lu | publisher=University of California Press | year=1999 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/beyondneonlights0000luha/page/65 65–66, 68] | isbn=0520215648 }}</ref>

In contrary to coolies in Beijing, those in Shanghai mostly come from rural areas out of the city. With the destitution of their land, they poured into the city with their family. As the number of coolies rose up sharply, however, the number of rickshaw remained at 20,000 in Shanghai. Except private coolies, those for public work had to take turns, and thus their average income diminished to $9 per month. Therefore, many coolies worked in the factory and ran the rickshaw after work. However, many coolies were optimistic about life. They were satisfied about their income and dreamed of purchasing their own rickshaws and sending their kids to schools.<ref>{{ cite book | title=Beyond the Neon Lights: Everyday Shanghai in the Early Twentieth Century | url=https://archive.org/details/beyondneonlights0000luha | url-access=registration | author=Hanchao Lu |publisher=University of California Press | year=1999 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/beyondneonlights0000luha/page/68 68–81] |isbn=0520215648 }}</ref> Due to this low income, many coolies would not give customers a clear idea of standard price and thus charge higher at any chance they had. In response to this phenomenon, hotels would provide the distance to various streets and the price charged.<ref>Darwent, Charles Ewart. Shanghai; a handbook for travellers and residents to the chief objects
of interest in and around the foreign settlements and native city. Shanghai, Hongkong: Kelly
and Walsh [date of publication not identified].</ref><ref>Hongs & Homes, 1928: A complete directory of Shanghai. Shanghai: Millington, Ltd., 1929.</ref>