Editing Ptolemy V Epiphanes (section)

===Foreign policy after the Fifth Syrian War (194/3–180 BC)===
After the end of the Fifth Syrian War, Ptolemy V made an effort to reassert Ptolemaic power on the world stage and to claw back some of the territories lost to the Seleucids, with very little success. When the [[Roman–Seleucid War]] broke out in 192 BC, Ptolemy V sent an embassy to Rome offering financial and military support, but the [[Roman Senate|Senate]] refused it, apparently annoyed about the separate peace that Ptolemy V had made with Antiochus III in 194/3 BC.<ref>[[Livy]]  ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 36.41</ref> Another embassy was made to Rome in 191 BC which congratulated the Senate on the Roman victory at the [[Battle of Thermopylae (191 BC)|Battle of Thermopylae]] and proposed further action against the Seleucids with Ptolemaic support, but the ambassadors were simply thanked for the congratulations and gifted presents.<ref>[[Livy]] ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 37.3.9-11</ref> At the end of the war in 188 BC, when the Romans imposed the [[Treaty of Apamea]] on Antiochus III, which forced him to give up all his territory in [[Asia Minor]], they did not return the former Ptolemaic holdings in the region to Ptolemy V, but awarded them to [[Pergamum]] and Rhodes instead.<ref>[[Polybius]] 21.45.8; [[Livy]] ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 38.39</ref><ref name=H1413>{{harvnb|Hölbl|2001|pp=141–143}}</ref>

When Antiochus III died in 187 BC and was succeeded by his son [[Seleucus IV]], Ptolemy V began preparations for a renewed war to recapture Coele-Syria. Ptolemy V's childhood friend, the eunuch [[Aristonicus (eunuch)|Aristonicus]], was sent to Greece to recruit mercenaries in 185 BC.<ref>Polybius 22.22</ref> At the same time, the king revived the alliances that his grandfather [[Ptolemy III]] had maintained with the [[Achaean League]], presenting the League with monetary gifts and promising them ships as well.<ref>Polybius 22.3.5-9, 22.9</ref> To raise his profile in Greece, Ptolemy V also entered a chariot team in the [[Panathenaic Games]] of 182 BC.<ref>''[[Inscriptiones Graecae|IG]]'' II<sup>2</sup> 2314, line 41; S. V. Tracy & C. Habicht, ''Hesperia'' 60 (1991) 219</ref> In the same year, Aristonicus led a naval raid on Syria, attacking the island of [[Aradus]].<ref name=H1413/>

Ptolemy V died suddenly in September 180 BC, not yet thirty years old. The ancient historians allege that he was poisoned by his courtiers, who believed that he intended to seize their property in order to fund his new Syrian war.<ref>Diodorus ''Bibliotheca'' 29.29; [[Jerome]], ''Commentary on Daniel'' 11.20</ref><ref name=H1413/><ref name=CBP5/>