Editing Psychotherapy (section)

=== Cognitive-behavioral ===
{{Main|Cognitive behavioral therapy}}

[[Behavior therapy|Behavior therapies]] use [[Behaviorism|behavioral]] techniques, including [[applied behavior analysis]] (also known as [[behavior modification]]), to change maladaptive patterns of behavior to improve emotional responses, cognitions, and interactions with others. [[Functional analytic psychotherapy]] is one form of this approach. By nature, behavioral therapies are empirical (data-driven), contextual (focused on the environment and context), functional (interested in the effect or consequence a behavior ultimately has), probabilistic (viewing behavior as statistically predictable), [[monistic]] (rejecting mind-body dualism and treating the person as a unit), and relational (analyzing bidirectional interactions).<ref>{{cite book |last1= Sundberg |first1= Norman D. |last2= Winebarger |first2= Allen A. |last3= Taplin |first3= Julian R.| title = Clinical Psychology: Evolving Theory, Practice, and Research | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Englewood Cliffs, NJ | year = 2001 |edition= 4th | isbn = 9780130871190}}{{Page needed|date=January 2014}}</ref>

[[Cognitive therapy]] focuses directly on changing the thoughts, in order to improve the emotions and behaviors.

[[Cognitive behavioral therapy]] attempts to combine the above two approaches, focused on the construction and reconstruction of people's [[cognition]]s, [[emotions]] and [[behavior]]s. Generally in CBT, the therapist, through a wide array of modalities, helps clients assess, recognize and deal with problematic and dysfunctional ways of thinking, emoting and behaving.

The concept of "third wave" psychotherapies reflects an influence of [[Eastern philosophy in clinical psychology]], incorporating principles such as [[meditation]] into interventions such as [[mindfulness-based cognitive therapy]], [[acceptance and commitment therapy]], and [[dialectical behavior therapy]] for [[borderline personality disorder]].<ref name=lebow/>

[[Interpersonal psychotherapy]] (IPT) is a relatively brief form of psychotherapy (deriving from both CBT and [[Psychodynamic psychotherapy|psychodynamic]] approaches) that has been increasingly studied and endorsed by guidelines for some conditions. It focuses on the links between [[mood (psychology)|mood]] and social circumstances, helping to build social skills and social support.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Markowitz JC, Weissman MM | title = Interpersonal psychotherapy: past, present and future | journal = Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy | volume = 19 | issue = 2 | pages = 99–105 | date = Mar 2012 | pmid = 22331561 | pmc = 3427027 | doi = 10.1002/cpp.1774 | df = dmy-all }}</ref> It aims to foster adaptation to current interpersonal roles and situations.

[[Exposure and response prevention]] (ERP) is primarily deployed by therapists in the treatment of [[Obsessive–compulsive disorder|OCD]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=International OCD Foundation {{!}} Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) |url=https://iocdf.org/about-ocd/treatment/erp/ |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=International OCD Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> The [[American Psychiatric Association]] (APA) state that CBT drawing primarily on behavioral techniques (such as ERP) has the "strongest evidence base" among psychosocial interventions.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Simpson|first1=H. Blair|last2=Koran|first2=Lorrin M.|date=March 2013|title=Guideline Watch: Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder|url=https://psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/sitewide/practice_guidelines/guidelines/ocd-watch.pdf|website=Psychiatry Online|publisher=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> By confronting feared scenarios (i.e., exposure) and refraining from performing rituals (i.e., responsive prevention), patients may gradually feel less distress in confronting feared stimuli, while also feeling less inclination to use rituals to relieve that distress. Typically, ERP is delivered in "hierarchical fashion", meaning patients confront increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli as they progress through a course of treatment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How I Treat OCD – By Bradley C. Riemann, Ph.D.|url=https://beyondocd.org/expert-perspectives/articles/how-i-treat-ocd|access-date=27 August 2020|website=Beyond OCD}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=August 2020|title=Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder|url=https://psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/sitewide/practice_guidelines/guidelines/ocd-guide.pdf|website=Psychiatry Online|publisher=American Psychiatric Association (APA)}}</ref>

Other types include [[reality therapy]]/[[Glasser's choice theory|choice theory]], [[multimodal therapy]], and therapies for specific disorders including [[Post-traumatic stress disorder|PTSD]] therapies such as [[cognitive processing therapy]], [[Substance use disorder|substance abuse]] therapies such as [[relapse prevention]] and [[contingency management]]; and [[co-occurring disorders]] therapies such as Seeking Safety.<ref>{{cite book |last=Najavits |first=Lisa M. |chapter=Seeking Safety: an implementation guide |editor1-last=Springer |editor1-first=David W. |editor2-last=Rubin |editor2-first=Allen |date=2009 |title=Substance abuse treatment for youth and adults |series=Clinician's guide to evidence-based practice series |location=Hoboken, NJ |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=jZE8kmQvPrEC&pg=PA311 311–347] |isbn=9780470244531 |oclc=303076493}}</ref>