Editing Proton-pump inhibitor (section)

== Pharmacokinetics ==
The rate of omeprazole absorption is decreased by concomitant food intake.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hatlebakk JG, Katz PO, Camacho-Lobato L, Castell DO | title = Proton pump inhibitors: better acid suppression when taken before a meal than without a meal | journal = Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics | volume = 14 | issue = 10 | pages = 1267–72 | date = October 2000 | pmid = 11012470 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00829.x | s2cid = 36206292 | doi-access = free }}</ref> In addition, the absorption of lansoprazole and esomeprazole is decreased and delayed by food. It has been reported, however, that these [[pharmacokinetic]] effects have no significant impact on efficacy.<ref>AstraZeneca Pty Ltd. Nexium (Australian approved prescribing information). North Ryde: AstraZeneca; 2005.</ref><ref>Wyeth Australia Pty Ltd. Zoton (Australian approved prescribing information). Baulkham Hills: Wyeth; 2004.</ref>

In healthy humans, the half-life of PPIs is about 1 hour (9 hours for [[tenatoprazole]]), but the duration of acid inhibition is 48 hours because of irreversible binding to the H,K-ATPase.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last1=Shin |first1=Jai Moo |last2=Sachs |first2=George |date=December 2008 |title=Pharmacology of proton pump inhibitors |journal=Current Gastroenterology Reports |language=en |volume=10 |issue=6 |pages=528–534 |doi=10.1007/s11894-008-0098-4 |pmid=19006606 |pmc=2855237 |issn=1522-8037}}</ref> All the PPIs except tenatoprazole are rapidly metabolized in the liver by CYP enzymes (mostly by CYP2C19 and 3A4).<ref name=":0" /> Dissociation of the inhibitory [[Protein complex|complex]] is probably due to the effect of the [[endogenous]] [[antioxidant]] [[glutathione]] which leads to the release of omeprazole sulfide and reactivation of the enzyme.<ref name="Shin 2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shin JM, Munson K, Vagin O, Sachs G | title = The gastric HK-ATPase: structure, function, and inhibition | journal = Pflügers Archiv | volume = 457 | issue = 3 | pages = 609–22 | date = January 2009 | pmid = 18536934 | pmc = 3079481 | doi = 10.1007/s00424-008-0495-4 }}</ref><ref name="Carlsson 2002">{{cite journal | vauthors = Carlsson E, Lindberg P |year=2002 |title=Two of a kind |journal=Chemistry in Britain |volume=38 |issue=5 |pages=42–5}}</ref>