Editing Protein targeting (section)

==== Mitochondrial outer membrane ====
Outer membrane targeting simply involves the interaction of precursor proteins with the outer membrane translocase complexes that embeds it into the membrane via internal-targeting sequences that are to form hydrophobic [[Alpha helix|alpha helices]] or [[beta barrel]]s that span the phospholipid bilayer.<ref name="Lodish, Berk, Kaiser, Krieger, Bretscher, Ploegh, Martin, Yaffe, Amon-2021" /><ref name="Eaglesfield R, Tokatlidis K-2021" /><ref name="Wiedemann N, Pfanner N-2017" /> This may occur by two different routes depending on the preprotein internal sequences. If the preprotein contains internal hydrophobic regions capable of forming alpha helices, then the preprotein will utilize the mitochondrial import complex (MIM) and be transferred laterally to the membrane.<ref name="Eaglesfield R, Tokatlidis K-2021" /><ref name="Wiedemann N, Pfanner N-2017" /> For preproteins containing hydrophobic internal sequences that correlate to beta-barrel forming proteins, they will be imported from the aforementioned outer membrane complex TOM20/22 to the intermembrane space. In which they will interact with TIM9/10 intermembrane-space protein complex that transfers them to [[sorting and assembly machinery]] (SAM) that is present in the outer membrane that laterally displaces the targeted protein as a beta-barrel.<ref name="Eaglesfield R, Tokatlidis K-2021" /><ref name="Wiedemann N, Pfanner N-2017" />