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===Locomotion=== [[File:Diademed ready to push off.jpg|thumb|[[Diademed sifaka]], a lemur that is a vertical clinger and leaper]] Primate species move by [[brachiation]], [[bipedalism]], [[Jumping|leaping]], arboreal and terrestrial [[quadruped]]alism, [[arboreal locomotion|climbing]], [[knuckle-walking]] or by a combination of these methods. Several prosimians are primarily vertical clingers and leapers. These include many [[Galago|bushbabies]], all [[Indriidae|indriids]] (i.e., [[sifaka]]s, [[avahi (genus)|avahis]] and [[indri]]s), [[sportive lemur]]s, and all [[tarsier]]s.<ref name="Sussman1999">{{cite book|title=Primate Ecology and Social Structure Volume 1: Lorises, Lemurs and Tarsiers|author=Sussman, R. W.|year=1999|isbn=0-536-02256-9|location=Needham Heights, MA|publisher=Pearson Custom Publishing & Prentice Hall|pages=[https://archive.org/details/primateecologyso0001suss/page/78 78, 89β90, 108, 121β123, 233]|url=https://archive.org/details/primateecologyso0001suss/page/78}}</ref> Other prosimians are arboreal quadrupeds and climbers. Some are also terrestrial quadrupeds, while some are leapers. Most monkeys are both arboreal and terrestrial quadrupeds and climbers. [[Gibbon]]s, [[muriqui]]s and [[spider monkey]]s all brachiate extensively,<ref name="Strier2007" /> with gibbons sometimes doing so in remarkably acrobatic fashion. [[Woolly monkey]]s also brachiate at times.<ref name="Sussman2003" /> [[Orangutan]]s use a similar form of locomotion called quadramanous climbing, in which they use their arms and legs to carry their heavy bodies through the trees.<ref name="Strier2007" /> [[Chimpanzee]]s and [[gorilla]]s knuckle walk,<ref name="Strier2007" /> and can move bipedally for short distances. Although numerous species, such as [[australopithecine]]s and [[Homo|early hominids]], have exhibited fully bipedal locomotion, humans are the only extant species with this trait.<ref name="GlazierFlowerday2003">{{Cite book | first1 = S. D. | last1 = Glazier | first2 = C. A. | last2 = Flowerday | title = Selected Readings in the Anthropology of Religion: Theoretical and Methodological Essays | url = https://archive.org/details/selectedreadings00glaz | publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | year = 2003 | isbn = 9780313300905 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/selectedreadings00glaz/page/53 53]}}</ref>
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