Editing Plovdiv (section)

==Population==
{{historical populations|1887|33032|1900|43033|1910|47981|1920|63415|1934|99883|1946|126563|1956|161836|1965|222508|1975|299638|1985|342131|1992|341058|2001|338224|2011|338153|2021|319612|align=right|cols=1|source=<ref name="BAN">{{cite web |url=http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf |title=Урбанизацията в България от освобождението до края на втората световна война|trans-title=Urbanisation in Bulgaria since the liberation at the end of World War II |language=bg|access-date=2010-02-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142758/http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-06 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cities of Bulgaria|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/bulgaria-cities.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=POPULATION BY STATISTICAL REGIONS, DISTRICS, MUNICIPALITIES, SETTLEMENTS, SEX AND AGE (2021 Census)|url=https://infostat.nsi.bg/infostat/pages/reports/query.jsf?x_2=1962|publisher=[[National Statistical Institute (Bulgaria)|National Statistical Institute]]}}</ref>}}The population by permanent address for the municipality of Plovdiv in 2007 was 380,682,<ref name="grao.bg">{{cite web |url=http://www.grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt |title=General Directorate of Citizens' Registration and Administrative Services: Population Chart by permanent and tempoprary address (for provinces and municipalities) as of 15 September 2010, (Bulgarian). Retrieved on 17 September 2010 |access-date=7 January 2011 |archive-date=29 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329013416/http://www.grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt |url-status=live }}</ref> which makes it the second most populated in the nation. According to data from the National Institute of Statistics (NSI), the population of people who actually live in Plovdiv is 346,790.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt |title=Grao.bg |access-date=3 July 2011 |archive-date=15 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315231858/http://www.grao.bg/tna/tab02.txt |url-status=live }}</ref>
According to the 2011 census, 339,077 live within the city limits and 403,153 in the municipal triangle of Plovdiv, including [[Maritsa municipality]] and [[Rodopi municipality]].<ref name=census>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsi.bg/census2011/pagebg2.php?p2=36&sp2=37&SSPP2=39 |title=Население към 01.02.2011 година в област Пловдив |publisher=Nsi.bg |access-date=3 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714103411/http://www.nsi.bg/census2011/pagebg2.php?p2=36&sp2=37&SSPP2=39 |archive-date=14 July 2011  }}</ref>
Population of Plovdiv:<timeline>
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 bar:1975 from:0 till:300
 bar:1985 color:cobar2 from:0 till:342
 bar:1985 from:0 till:342
 bar:1990 color:cobar2 from:0 till:379
 bar:1992 from:0 till:341
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 bar:2013 at: 341 text: 341 shift:(-14,5)
 bar:2014 at: 341 text: 341,5 shift:(-14,5)
 bar:2015 at: 341 text: 341,6 shift:(-14,5)
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At the first census after the [[Liberation of Bulgaria]] in 1880 with 24,053 citizens,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id%3D1%26prm%3Dactions%26subprm%3D+Zfdghkl%3A |title=Исторически Музей - Пловдив |access-date=11 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl%3A |archive-date=11 July 2011  }}</ref> Plovdiv was the third largest city behind [[Stara Zagora]], which had 25,460 citizens prior to being burnt to the ground<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dolap.bg/2016/07/20/%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%B7/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011173842/http://dolap.bg/2016/07/20/%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%B7/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 October 2017 |title=Трима достойни възродители на Стара Загора }}</ref> as well as [[Ruse, Bulgaria|Ruse]], which had 26,163 citizens then,<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf |script-title=bg:УРБАНИЗАЦИЯТА В БЪЛГАРИЯ ОТ ОСВОБОЖДЕНИЕТО ДО КРАЯ НА ВТОРАТА СВЕТОВНА ВОЙНА |script-journal=bg:ГЕОГРАФИЯ '21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706142758/http://www.geography.iit.bas.bg/2009/1-09/13-17.pdf |archive-date=6 July 2011 |language=bg}}</ref> and ahead of the capital [[Sofia]], which had 20,501 citizens then. As of the 1887 census, Plovdiv was the largest city in the country for several years with 33,032 inhabitants compared to 30,428 for Sofia. According to the 1946 census, Plovdiv was the second largest city with 126,563 inhabitants compared to 487,000 for the capital.<ref name="ocertsi"/>

===Ethnicity and religion===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Households of the Ottoman city by ethnoreligious groups
|-
! style="width:9%;"| Year<ref>{{Cite thesis |url=https://www.academia.edu/952671 |title=Demographic Features of Ottoman Upper Thrace: A Case Study On Filibe, Tatar Pazarcik and Stanımaka (1472–1614)| publisher=The Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University|first=Grigor|last=Boykov|degree=MA|access-date=25 August 2017 |archive-date=22 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922185748/http://www.academia.edu/952671/Demographic_Features_of_Ottoman_Upper_Thrace_A_Case_Study_on_Filibe_Tatar_Pazarcik_and_Istanimaka_1472-1614 |url-status=live |date=January 2004 }}</ref>
! style="width:9%;"| [[Muslims]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Christians]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Roma people|Roma]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Jews]]
|-
! 1472
| 81.7%||18.3% || ||
|-
! 1489
| 87.1% || 8.2%||3.5% ||
|-
! 1490 (households)<ref>Art and Society of Bulgaria in the Turkish Period: A Sketch of the Economic, Juridical, and Artistic Preconditions of Bulgarian Post-Byzantine Art and Its Place in the Development of the Art of the Christian Balkans, 1360/70-1700 : a New Interpretation, p. 83</ref>
| 796||78||33 ||
|-
! 1516
| 86.7%|| 7%|| 2.8%|| 2.5% 
|-
! 1525
| 85.2%|| 7.5%|| 3.2%|| 3% 
|-
! 1530
| 82.1%|| 9.1%|| 3.8%|| 3.7% 
|-
! 1570
| 82%|| 9.3%|| 2.7%|| 5.4% 
|-
! 1595
| 78.2%|| 14%|| 2.9%|| 4.8% 
|-
! 1614
| 68.3%|| 22.6%|| 7.7%|| 4.1%
|- 
! 1695<ref name="egeweb2.ege.edu.tr"/>
| 81% || 14% || ||
|-
! 1876<ref>{{cite web |last=Demeter |first=Gabor |title=New series of ethnic maps by Zsolt Bottlik |website=Academia |url=https://www.academia.edu/25242517 |access-date=9 March 2019 |archive-date=29 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210529150601/https://www.academia.edu/25242517/New_series_of_ethnic_maps_by_Zsolt_Bottlik |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 33% ||  || ||
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Population by ethnic groups under [[Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria|Russian administration]], [[Eastern Rumelia]] and Bulgaria
|-
! style="width:9%;"| Census
! style="width:9%;"| Total
! style="width:9%;"| [[Bulgarians]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Turks in Bulgaria|Turks]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Jews in Bulgaria|Jews]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Greeks in Bulgaria|Greeks]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Armenians in Bulgaria|Armenians]]
! style="width:9%;"| [[Roma in Bulgaria|Roma]]
! style="width:9%;"| Others
! style="width:9%;"| Unspecified
|-
! 1878
| {{val|24053}}<ref>[http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl: ИЗТОЧНА РУМЕЛИЯ МЕЖДУ ЕВРОПА И ОРИЕНТА] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl: |date=11 July 2011 }}, посетен на 17 януари 2008 г.</ref> || {{val|10909}} (45.35%)|| {{val|5558}} (23.10%) || {{val|1134}} (4.71%) || {{val|4781}} (19.88%) || 806 (3.35%) || 865 (3.60%) || 902 (3.75%)
|-
! 1884<ref name="histmuseum">{{cite web|url=http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:|title=Източна Румелия между Европа и Ориента|publisher=Регионален исторически музей Пловдив|language=bg|access-date=11 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711171419/http://historymuseumplovdiv.com/index.php?lang_id=1&prm=actions&subprm=%20Zfdghkl:|archive-date=11 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
–
| {{val|33442}} || {{val|16752}} (50.09%)|| {{val|7144}} (21.36%)|| {{val|2168}} (6.48%)|| {{val|5497}} (16.44%)|| 979 (2.93%)|| 112 || 902 (2.70%)
|-
! 1887
| {{val|33032}} || {{val|19542}} ||{{val|5615}} ||{{val|2202}} ||{{val|3930}} ||903 ||348 ||492
|-
! 1892
| {{val|36033}} || {{val|20854}} ||{{val|6381}} ||{{val|2696}}||{{val|3906}} ||{{val|1024}} ||237 ||935
|-
! 1900
| {{val|43033}} || {{val|24170}} ||{{val|4708}} ||{{val|3602}} ||{{val|3908}} ||{{val|1844}} ||{{val|1934}} ||{{val|2869}}
|-
! 1910
| {{val|47981}} || {{val|32727}}||{{val|2946}}||{{val|4436}} ||{{val|1571}} ||{{val|1794}} ||{{val|3524}} ||983
|-
! 1920
| {{val|64415}} || {{val|46889}} ||{{val|5605}} ||{{val|5144}} ||{{val|1071}}||{{val|3773}}||{{val|1342}} ||591
|-
! 1926
| {{val|84655}} || {{val|63268}} ||{{val|4748}}||{{val|5612}} ||549||{{val|5881}}||{{val|2746}} ||{{val|1851}}
|-
! 1934
| {{val|99883}} || {{val|77449}}||{{val|6102}} ||{{val|5574}} ||340 ||{{val|5316}}||{{val|2728}} ||{{val|2374}}
|-
! 1939
| {{val|105643}} (100%) || {{val|82012}} (77.63%)||{{val|6462}} (6.12%)||{{val|5960}} (5,64%)||200 (0.19%)||{{val|6591}} (6.24%)||{{val|2982}} (2.82%) ||{{val|1436}} (1.36%)
|-
! 2001<ref name="mncp">{{cite web |url=http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf |title=Municipal development plan of Plovdiv (incl. 2001 census data) |access-date=10 August 2011 |archive-date=14 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214084451/http://new.plovdiv.bg/files/OPR_END.pdf }}</ref>
| {{val|338224}} || {{val|302858}} (89.5%)||{{val|22501}} (6.7%)||||||||{{val|5192}} (1.5%) ||{{val|5764}} (1.7%)||{{val|1909}}
|-
! 2011<ref>{{in lang|bg}} [http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls Population on 01.02.2011 by provinces, municipalities, settlements and age; National Statistical Institute] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908134107/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_1.pop_by_age.xls |date=8 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls Population by province, municipality, settlement and ethnic identification, by 01.02.2011; Bulgarian National Statistical Institute] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521202356/http://www.nsi.bg/ORPDOCS/Census2011_4.pop_by_ethnos.xls |date=21 May 2013 }} {{in lang|bg}}</ref>
|{{val|338153}} || {{val|277804}} (82.2%) || {{val|16032}} (4.7%)|||||||1436 (0.4%) ||9438 (2.8%)||{{val|3105}} (0.9%)||{{val|31774}} (9.4%)
|}

In its ethnic character Plovdiv is the second or the third-largest cosmopolitan city inhabited by [[Bulgarians]], after [[Sofia]] and possibly [[Varna, Bulgaria|Varna]]. According to the 2001 census, out of a population of 338,224 inhabitants, the Bulgarians numbered 302,858 (90%). [[Stolipinovo]] in Plovdiv is the largest Roma neighbourhood in the [[Balkans]], having a population of around 20,000 alone; further Roma ghettos are [[Hadji Hassan Mahala]] and [[Sheker Mahala]]. Therefore, the census number is a deflation of the number of Roma people, and they are most likely the second-largest group after the Bulgarians, most of all because the Muslim Roma in Plovdiv claim to be of Turkish ethnicity and Turkish-speaking at the census ("[[Xoraxane]] Roma").<ref>[http://facta.junis.ni.ac.rs/facta/pas/pas99/pas99-09.pdf "The Relations of Ethnic and Confessional Consciousness of Roma in Bulgaria", Elena Marushiakova, Vesselin Popov]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> For further information see the article [[The Roma in Plovdiv|Roma people in Plovdiv]]. Like elsewhere in the country, Roma people are subjected to discrimination and segregation (See the Bulgaria section of the article [[Antiziganism]]).

After the Wars for National Union ([[Balkan Wars]] and World War I), the city became home for thousands of refugees from the former Bulgarian lands in [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]], [[Western Thrace|Western]] and [[Eastern Thrace]]. Many of the old neighbourhoods are still referred to as ''Belomorski'', ''Vardarski''. Most of the Jews left the city after the foundation of [[Israel]] in 1948, as well as most of the Turks and Greeks. Prior to the population exchange, as of 1 January 1885, the city of Plovdiv had a population of 33,442, of which 16,752 were [[Bulgarians]] (50%), 7,144 [[Turkish people|Turks]] (21%), 5,497 [[Greeks]] (16%), 2,168 Jews (6%), 1,061 [[Armenians]] (3%), 151 [[Italians]], 112 [[Germans]], 112 [[Romani people]], 80 [[French people]], 61 [[Russians]] and 304 people of other nationalities.<ref name="histmuseum"/>

The vast majority of the inhabitants are Christians, mostly [[Eastern Orthodox]], Catholics, [[Eastern Catholic]]s, and Protestant trends ([[Seventh-day Adventist Church|Adventists]], [[Baptists]] and others). There are also some [[Muslims]] and Jews. In Plovdiv, there are many churches, two mosques and one synagogue (see [[Plovdiv Synagogue]]).

Some [[Aromanians]] also inhabit Plovdiv.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/IJSL.2006.029/pdf|title=The Aromânians: an ethnos and language with a 2000-year history|first=Nikolai|last=Kyurkchiev|journal=[[International Journal of the Sociology of Language]]|issue=179|pages=115–129|year=2006|doi=10.1515/IJSL.2006.029|s2cid=144939846}}</ref>

<gallery>
File:Sveta-Bogoroditsa-Church-Plovdiv.jpg|The Virgin Mary Eastern Orthodox Church
File:Synagogue_in_Plovdiv_D.jpg|The [[Plovdiv Synagogue]]
File:ProtestantChurchPlovdiv (2).JPG|A Protestant church
File:StLouisPlovdiv-2.jpg|The [[Cathedral of St Louis (Plovdiv)|St Louis Roman Catholic Cathedral]]
File:St-George-Armenian-Church.jpg|St George Armenian Church
File:Filibe cami.JPG|The [[Dzhumaya Mosque]]
File:Plovdiv-Seminary-St.-Cyril-and-Methodius.jpg|The Orthodox [[seminary]]
</gallery>