Editing Philosophy of physics (section)

===Newtonian physics===
The implicit axioms of Aristotelian physics with respect to movement of matter in space were superseded in [[Classical mechanics|Newtonian physics]] by [[Isaac Newton|Newton's]] [[Newton's laws of motion#Newton's first law|first law of motion]].<ref name = MaudlinPPST3-4 >[[Tim Maudlin]] (2012-07-22). ''Philosophy of Physics: Space and Time: Space and Time'' (Princeton Foundations of Contemporary Philosophy) (pp. 4–5). Princeton University Press. Kindle Edition. "Newtonian physics is implicit in his First Law of Motion: Law I : Every body perseveres in its state either of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line, except insofar as it is compelled to change its state by impressed forces. 1 This single law smashes the Aristotelian universe to smithereens."</ref>{{cquote|Every body perseveres in its state either of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line, except insofar as it is compelled to change its state by impressed forces.}}
"Every body" includes the Moon, and an apple; and includes all types of matter, air as well as water, stones, or even a flame. Nothing has a natural or inherent motion.<ref name = MaudlinPPST5>[[Tim Maudlin]] (2012-07-22). ''Philosophy of Physics: Space and Time: Space and Time'' (Princeton Foundations of Contemporary Philosophy) (pp. 5). Princeton University Press. Kindle Edition.</ref> [[Absolute time and space|Absolute space]] being [[three-dimensional space|three-dimensional]] [[Euclidean space]], infinite and without a center.<ref name = MaudlinPPST5 /> Being "at rest" means being at the same place in absolute space over time.<ref name = MaudlinPPST9-10  >[[Tim Maudlin]] (2012-07-22). ''Philosophy of Physics: Space and Time: Space and Time'' (Princeton Foundations of Contemporary Philosophy) (pp. 9–10). Princeton University Press. Kindle Edition. "Newton believed in the existence of a spatial arena with the geometrical structure of E{{smallsup|3}}. He believed that this infinite three-dimensional space exists at every moment of time. And he also believed something much more subtle and controversial, namely, that identically the same points of space persist through time."</ref> The [[topology]] and [[Affine space|affine structure]] of space must permit movement in a [[Line (geometry)|straight line]] at a uniform velocity; thus both space and time must have [[Absolute time and space|definite, stable dimensions]].<ref name = Maudlin12 >[[Tim Maudlin]] (2012-07-22). ''Philosophy of Physics: Space and Time: Space and Time'' (Princeton Foundations of Contemporary Philosophy) (p. 12). Princeton University Press. Kindle Edition. "...space must have a topology, an affine structure, and a metric; time must be one-dimensional with a topology and a metric; and, most importantly, the individual parts of space must persist through time.</ref>