Editing Perak (section)

== Government and politics ==
{{main|Perak State Executive Council|Perak State Legislative Assembly}}
{{see also| Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2018-)#Perak|Politics of Malaysia|Order of precedence in Perak|Menteri Besar of Perak}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
| colspan=6 | [[File:DUN Perak GE15.svg|frameless|Perak State Assembly Composition]]
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Affiliation
! rowspan="2" |Coalition/Party Leader
! rowspan="2" |Status
! colspan="2" |Seats
|-
![[Perak state election, 2022|2022 election]]
!Current
|-
|{{Color box|#000080|border=darkgray}} <br /> {{Color box|#CC2200|border=darkgray}}
|[[Barisan Nasional]] <br /> [[Pakatan Harapan]]
|[[Saarani Mohammad]]
|Government
|33
|33
|-
|{{Color box|#000080|border=darkgray}}
|[[Perikatan Nasional]]
|[[Razman Zakaria]]
|[[Opposition (Malaysia)|Opposition]]
|26
|26
|-
! colspan="4" |Total
!59
!59
|-
! colspan="4" |Government majority
!7
!7
|}

[[File:Istana Iskandariah Bukit Chandan Kuala Kangsar.jpg|thumb|[[Istana Iskandariah|Iskandariah Palace]] on Chandan Hill, Kuala Kangsar]]

Perak is a [[constitutional monarchy]], with a ruler elected by an electoral college composed of the major chiefs.<ref>{{cite book|author=Abu Talib Ahmad|title=Museums, History and Culture in Malaysia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=krl1BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA242|date=10 October 2014|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=978-9971-69-819-5|pages=242–}}</ref> The sultan is the constitutional head of Perak. The current [[Sultan of Perak]] is [[Nazrin Shah of Perak|Nazrin Shah]], who acceded to the throne on 29 May 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/05/29/raja-nazrin-new-perak-sultan|title=Raja Nazrin Shah proclaimed new Perak Sultan|work=The Star|date=29 May 2014|access-date=15 October 2019}}</ref> The main royal palace is the [[Istana Iskandariah|Iskandariah Palace]] in Kuala Kangsar. Kinta Palace in Ipoh is used by the sultan as an occasional residence during official visits.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arkib.gov.my/en/web/guest/istana-iskandariah|title=Istana Iskandariah|publisher=National Archives of Malaysia|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203190315/http://www.arkib.gov.my/en/web/guest/istana-iskandariah|archive-date=3 February 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Palaces of Perak">{{cite web|url=http://sultan.perak.gov.my/index.php/hubungi-kami/pejabat-d-y-m-m-sultan-perak-darul-ridzuan|title=Pejabat DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak Darul Ridzuan|trans-title=The Sultan of Perak Darul Ridzuan's Office|language=ms|publisher=The Administration Office of His Majesty the Sultan of Perak|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427172107/http://sultan.perak.gov.my/index.php/hubungi-kami/pejabat-d-y-m-m-sultan-perak-darul-ridzuan|archive-date=27 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Other palaces in Ipoh include the Al-Ridhuan Palace, Cempaka Sari Palace, and Firuz Palace.<ref name="Palaces of Perak"/>

The state government is headed by a ''[[List of Menteris Besar of Perak|Menteri Besar]]'' (Chief Minister), assisted by an 11-member [[Perak State Executive Council|Executive Council]] (Exco) selected from the members of the [[Perak State Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perak.gov.my/index.php/en/menu-other-articles/1058-perak-state-exco-members-sworn-in-19-may-2018|title=Perak State Exco Members Sworn In|publisher=Government of Perak|date=19 May 2018|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015062206/https://www.perak.gov.my/index.php/en/menu-other-articles/1058-perak-state-exco-members-sworn-in-19-may-2018|archive-date=15 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The 59-seat Assembly is the legislative branch of Perak's government, responsible for making laws in matters regarding the state. It is based on the [[Westminster system]]. Members of the Assembly are elected by citizens every five years by [[universal suffrage]]. The Chief Minister is appointed on the basis of his or her ability to command a majority in the Assembly. The majority (33 seats) is currently held by [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN) and [[Pakatan Harapan]] (PH).

Prior to the major British overhaul of Perak's administration, [[slavery]] was widely practised along with a type of [[corvée]] labour system, called ''kerah''. The chief of a given area could call on his citizens to work as [[forced labour]] without pay, although under normal circumstances food was still provided.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/><ref name="transformation of Perak under the British">{{cite journal|url=http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/9685/1/2007%20-From%20Natural%20Economy%20To%20Capitalism-The%20State%20And%20Economic%20Transformation%20In%20Perak%20Malaysia%20.pdf|title=From Natural Economy to Capitalism: the State and Economic Transformation in Perak, Malaysia c.1800-2000|author=Azrai Abdullah|journal=[[University of Hull]]|via=Universiti Teknologi Petronas|year=2007|pages=41–42|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016024512/http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/9685/1/2007%20-From%20Natural%20Economy%20To%20Capitalism-The%20State%20And%20Economic%20Transformation%20In%20Perak%20Malaysia%20.pdf|archive-date=16 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The system was created to ensure the maintenance of the ruling class. It was often described as onerous and demanding, as there were times when the call to duty, and its duration, interfered with citizens' individual work.<ref name="transformation of Perak under the British"/> The slaves were divided into two classes: [[debt bondage|debtor-bondsmen]] and ordinary slaves. The debtor-bondsmen had the higher status, being ranked as free men and acknowledged as members of their masters' society. In contrast, the ordinary slaves had no prospect of status redemption. As Islam does not allow enslavement of fellow Muslims, the ordinary slaves came mainly from non-Muslim groups, especially the Orang Asli, [[Batak people|Batak]], and [[African people|Africans]] purchased by Malays on [[Hajj|pilgrimage]] in [[Mecca]].<ref name="Duncan2008"/><ref name="transformation of Perak under the British"/>

=== State administration issues and subsequent 2009 constitutional crisis ===
{{main|2009 Perak constitutional crisis|Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin v Zambry Abdul Kadir}}
The opposition [[Pakatan Rakyat]] (PR) coalition won in Perak in the [[Malaysian general election, 2008|2008 general election]]. Although the [[Democratic Action Party]] (DAP) had won the most seats of the opposition parties, [[Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin]] of the [[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party]] (PAS) was appointed ''Menteri Besar'' of the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thestar.com.my/election/story.asp?file=/2008/3/12/election2008/20080312174629&sec=Election2008|title=State PAS secretary made Perak Mentri Besar|work=The Star|date=12 March 2008|access-date=12 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201151207/http://thestar.com.my/election/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F3%2F12%2Felection2008%2F20080312174629&sec=Election2008|archive-date=1 February 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> This happened because the state constitution states that the ''Menteri Besar'' must be a [[Muslim]], unless the sultan specially appoints a non-Muslim to the office.<ref name="BernauerBochsler2014">{{cite book|author1=Julian Bernauer|author2=Daniel Bochsler|author3=Rogers Brubaker|author4=Magdalena Dembinska|author5=Fulya Memisoglu|author6=Karolina Prasad|author7=Antoine Roger|author8=Edina Szöcsik|author9=Hanna Vasilevich|author10=Doris Wydra|author11=Christina Isabel Zuber|title=New Nation-States and National Minorities|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SxePBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA142|date=3 March 2014|publisher=ECPR Press|isbn=978-1-907301-86-5|pages=142–}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/politics-and-policy-storm-brewing-perak|title=Politics and Policy: Storm brewing in Perak|author=Mohsin Abdullah|publisher=The Edge Markets|date=5 April 2019|access-date=15 October 2019|quote=According to the state constitution, the menteri besar must be a Malay Muslim.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015081448/https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/politics-and-policy-storm-brewing-perak|archive-date=15 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> As the DAP did not have any Muslim assemblymen in Perak at that time, the ''Menteri Besar'' had to come from one of its two allied parties, the [[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|People's Justice Party]] (PKR) or the PAS.<ref name="BernauerBochsler2014"/> However, the national ruling party, [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN), gained control over the state government administration when three PR assemblymen, [[Hee Yit Foong]] ([[Jelapang (state constituency)|Jelapang]]), Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi ([[Behrang (state constituency)|Behrang]]), and Mohd Osman Mohd Jailu ([[Changkat Jering (state constituency)|Changkat Jering]]) defected to the BN as independent assemblymen during the crisis, on 3 February 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mstar.com.my/lokal/semasa/2009/02/04/pakatan-rakyat-perak-tumbang-bn-bentuk-kerajaan|title=Pakatan Rakyat Perak tumbang, BN bentuk kerajaan|trans-title=Perak Pakatan Rakyat collapsed, BN form the government|author=Zanariah Abdul Mutalib|language=ms|publisher=mStar|date=4 February 2009|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015071510/https://www.mstar.com.my/lokal/semasa/2009/02/04/pakatan-rakyat-perak-tumbang-bn-bentuk-kerajaan|archive-date=15 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Kee Thuan Chye|title=March 8: Time for Real Change|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MeKIAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA44|date=2 October 2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd|isbn=978-981-4382-81-6|pages=44–}}</ref> A statement from the office of the Sultan of Perak urged the PR ''Menteri Besar'' to resign, but also refused to dissolve the State Legislative Assembly, which would have triggered new elections.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mstar.com.my/lokal/semasa/2010/02/09/kronologi-krisis-politik-perak/|title=Kronologi Krisis Politik Perak|trans-title=Chronology of the Perak Political Crisis|language=ms|publisher=mStar|date=9 February 2009|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015075040/https://www.mstar.com.my/lokal/semasa/2010/02/09/kronologi-krisis-politik-perak/|archive-date=15 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Amid multiple protests, lawsuits and arrests, a new BN-led Assembly was sworn in on 7 May. The takeover was then ruled illegal by the [[High Courts (Malaysia)|High Court]] in Kuala Lumpur, on 11 May 2009, restoring power to the PR.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSKLR437912|title=Malaysia court rules opposition runs Perak state|author1=David Chance|author2=Razak Ahmad|author3=Soo Ai Peng|author4=Julie Goh|author5=Bill Tarrant|work=Reuters|date=11 May 2009|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015075610/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKLR437912|archive-date=15 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Ooi2010">{{cite book|author=Kee Beng Ooi|title=Between UMNO and a Hard Place: The Najib Razak Era Begins|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yrubOb-42rIC&pg=PA37|year=2010|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian|isbn=978-981-4311-28-1|pages=37–}}</ref> The following day, the [[Court of Appeal of Malaysia]] suspended the High Court ruling pending a new Court of Appeal judgement. On 22 May 2009, the Court of Appeal overturned the High Court's decision and returned power to the BN. Many opposition party supporters believed that the crisis was effectively a "power grab", in which the democratically elected government was ousted through the political machinations of the more dominant national ruling party.<ref name="Ooi2010"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/sideviews/article/why-give-raja-nazrin-space-lucius-goon/|title=Why give Raja Nazrin space?|author=Lucius Goon|newspaper=The Malaysian Insider|date=11 June 2012|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613182537/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/sideviews/article/why-give-raja-nazrin-space-lucius-goon/|archive-date=13 June 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Departments ===
* Perak State Finance Office<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kewangan.perak.gov.my/index.php/ms/|title=LAMAN UTAMA|website=PKN|date=13 March 2023 }}</ref>
* Perak Irrigation and Drainage Department<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jps.perak.gov.my/index.php/en/|title=The Official Portal of The Perak State Department of Irrigation And Drainage|website=jps.perak.gov.my}}</ref>
* Perak State Forestry Department<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://perakforestry.gov.my/|title=Jabatan Perhutanan Negeri Perak - Utama|website=perakforestry.gov.my}}</ref>
* Perak Social Welfare Department<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jkm.gov.my/jkm/index.php?r=negeri/index&negeri=PRK&id=blJOc0dyYkF0eHlqUCtGTTBQR2Z0Zz09|title=Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat|website=www.jkm.gov.my}}</ref>
* Perak Syariah Judiciary Department<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://syariah.perak.gov.my/|title=Jabatan Kehakiman Syariah Perak - Laman Utama|website=syariah.perak.gov.my}}</ref>
* Perak Public Works Department<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jkrperak.gov.my/|title=Selamat Datang Ke Laman Web Rasmi Jabatan Kerja Raya Negeri Perak|website=jkrperak.gov.my}}</ref>
* Perak State Islamic Religious Affairs Department<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jaipk.perak.gov.my/|title=Portal Rasmi Jabatan Islam Perak}}</ref>
* Perak Public Service Commission<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://spa.perak.gov.my/|title=SPA PERAK|website=spa.perak.gov.my}}</ref>
* Perak State Agriculture Department<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pertanianperak.gov.my/|title=Jabatan Pertanian Negeri Perak|website=www.pertanianperak.gov.my}}</ref>
* Office of Lands and Mines Perak<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ptg.perak.gov.my/portal/|title=PTG Perak|access-date=18 December 2021|archive-date=16 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916064131/https://ptg.perak.gov.my/portal/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Perak State Mufti Office<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mufti.Perak.gov.my/|title=Portal Rasmi Jabatan Mufti Kedah Darul Aman|website=mufti.perak.gov.my}}</ref>
* Perak Town and Country Planning Department<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://planmalaysia.perak.gov.my/|title=Portal Rasmi PLANMalaysia@Perak|website=Portal Rasmi PLANMalaysia@Perak (Perancangan Bandar Dan Desa Perak Darul Ridzuan)}}</ref>
* Department of Veterinary Services of Perak<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpvpk.gov.my/|title=Jabatan Perkhidmatan Veterinar Negeri Perak - Laman Utama|website=www.jpvpk.gov.my}}</ref>

=== Statutory bodies ===
* Perak Islamic Religious and Malay Customs Council<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maiamp.gov.my/|title=Portal Rasmi Majlis Agama Islam & 'Adat Melayu Perak}}</ref>
* Perak State Public Library Corporation<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ppanpk.gov.my/|title=Perbadanan Perpustakaan Awam Negeri Perak|website=www.ppanpk.gov.my}}</ref>

=== Administrative divisions ===
{{main|List of districts in Malaysia|List of local governments in Malaysia}}
Perak is divided into 12 [[Districts of Malaysia|districts]] (''daerah''), 81 ''[[mukim]]s'', and 15 local governments.<ref name="UPI">{{cite web|url=https://www.mygeoportal.gov.my/sites/default/files/UPI/KOD%20DAN%20NAMA%20SEMPADAN%20PENTADBIRAN%20TANAH_PERAK.pdf|title=Kod Dan Nama Sempadan Pentadbiran Tanah|trans-title=Land Administration Boundary Code And Name|language=ms|publisher=Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure, Ministry of Water, Land and Natural Resources of Malaysia|year=2011|access-date=18 October 2019|pages=1–49 [1/55]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018040107/https://www.mygeoportal.gov.my/sites/default/files/UPI/KOD%20DAN%20NAMA%20SEMPADAN%20PENTADBIRAN%20TANAH_PERAK.pdf|archive-date=18 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perak.gov.my/index.php/en/citizen/agency-links/local-authorities|title=Local Authorities|publisher=Government of Perak|access-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018040522/https://www.perak.gov.my/index.php/en/citizen/agency-links/local-authorities|archive-date=18 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are district officers for each district and a village chief (''ketua kampung'' or ''[[penghulu]]'') for each village in the district. Before the British arrived, Perak was run by a group of relatives and friends of the sultan who held rights to collect taxes and duties.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The British developed a more organised administration following Perak's integration into the [[Federated Malay States]] (FMS). The FMS government created two institutions, the State Council and the Malay Administrative Service (MAS).<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The two institutions encouraged direct Malay participation and gave the former ruling class a place in the new administrative structure. Most of the sultan's district chiefs removed from authority at that time were given new positions in the State Council, although their influence was restricted to Malay social matters raised in council business. The sultan and the district chiefs were compensated for their loss of tax revenue with a monthly allowance from the state treasury.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/>

The role of the local ''penghulus'' changed considerably when they were appointed no longer by the sultan but by the British Resident.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Penghulus in Perak and Selangor: The Rationalization and Decline of a Traditional Malay Office|author=Paul H. Kratoska|journal=Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society|year=1984|volume=57|issue=2|pages=31–59|jstor=41492983}}</ref> Colonial land policy introduced individual landholding, thereby making land a commodity, and the ''penghulu'' were then involved in matters relating to this property.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The Perak State Council was established in 1875 to assist the British Resident in most administrative matters. It also brought together the Malay chiefs and Chinese leaders (''[[Kapitan Cina]]'') to deal with certain administrative issues relating to Perak's growing Malay and Chinese populations.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The State Council also helped provide education and training to assist Malays in qualifying for government positions. When the post of the FMS Resident was abolished, other European-held administrative posts were gradually occupied by local appointees. As in the rest of Malaysia, local government comes under the purview of state government.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/>

{|class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; font-size:smaller; text-align:center"
|-
! colspan=7 | '''Administrative divisions of Perak'''
|-
| rowspan=15 style="font-size:larger" | {{Perak Labelled Map}}
|-
! UPI code<ref name="UPI"/>
! [[Districts of Malaysia|Districts]]
! Population<br>(2010 census)<ref name="total population"/>
! Area<br>(km2)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instun.gov.my/index.php/en/docman/capaian/1209-draf-rancangan-struktur-negeri-perak-2040/file|title=Rancangan Struktur Negeri Perak 2040 (Jadual 1.2: Senarai Daerah Di Negeri Perak)|trans-title=Perak State Structure Plan 2040 (Table 1.2: List of Districts In Perak State)|publisher=National Institute of Land and Survey of Malaysia|pages=1–10 [30/194]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025062708/https://www.instun.gov.my/index.php/en/docman/capaian/1209-draf-rancangan-struktur-negeri-perak-2040/file|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
! Seat
! Mukims
|-
! 0801
! [[Batang Padang District|Batang Padang]]
| 123,600
| 1,794.18
| [[Tapah]]
| 4
|-
! 0802
! [[Manjung District|Manjung]]
| 227,071
| 1,113.58
| [[Seri Manjung]]
| 5
|-
! 0803
! [[Kinta District|Kinta]]
| 749,474
| 1,305
| [[Batu Gajah]]
| 5
|-
! 0804
! [[Kerian District|Kerian]]
| 176,975
| 921.47
| [[Parit Buntar]]
| 8
|-
! 0805
! [[Kuala Kangsar District|Kuala Kangsar]]
| 155,592
| 2,563.61
| [[Kuala Kangsar]]
| 9
|-
! 0806
! [[Larut, Matang and Selama District|Larut, Matang and Selama]]
| 326,476
| 2,112.61
| [[Taiping, Perak|Taiping]]
| 14
|-
! 0807
! [[Hilir Perak District|Hilir Perak]]
| 128,179
| 792.07
| [[Teluk Intan]]
| 5
|-
! 0808
! [[Hulu Perak District|Hulu Perak]]
| 89,926
| 6,560.43
| [[Gerik]]
| 10
|- style="background:#EEEEEE;
! ''0809''
! ''[[Selama]]''
| {{N/A}}
| {{N/A}}
| {{N/A}}
| 3
|-
! 0810
! [[Perak Tengah District|Perak Tengah]]
| 99,854
| 1,279.46
| [[Seri Iskandar]]
| 12
|-
! 0811
! [[Kampar District|Kampar]]
| 96,303
| 669.8
| [[Kampar, Perak|Kampar]]
| 2
|-
! 0812
! [[Muallim District|Muallim]]
| 69,639
| 934.35
| [[Tanjung Malim]]
| 3
|-
! 0813
! [[Bagan Datuk District|Bagan Datuk]]
| 70,300
| 951.52
| [[Bagan Datuk]]
| 4
|-
| colspan=7 style="text-align:left" | Note: Population data for Hilir Perak, Bagan Datuk, Batang Padang, and Muallim are based on district land office data. Selama is an autonomous sub-district (''daerah kecil'') under Larut, Matang and Selama.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pdtselama.perak.gov.my/profil/piagam-pelanggan/geografi|title=Laman Web Pejabat Daerah Dan Tanah - Geografi|website=pdtselama.perak.gov.my}}</ref> Most districts and sub-districts have a single local government, excepting Hulu Perak and Kinta, respectively divided into three (Gerik, Lenggong and Pengkalan Hulu), and two (Batu Gajah and Ipoh) local councils. Bagan Datuk remains under the jurisdiction of Teluk Intan council.
|}

On 26 November 2015, it was announced that the [[Batang Padang District]] sub-district of Tanjung Malim would become Perak's 11th district, to be called [[Muallim District|Muallim]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/community/2015/11/27/new-district-in-perak-muallim-district-to-be-declared-the-11th-in-the-state-in-conjunction-with-sult|title=Muallim is new district in Perak|author=Chan Li Leen|work=The Star|date=27 November 2015|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ptg.perak.gov.my/ptgperak/index.php/en/280-arkib-buletin/448-11-januari-2016-muallim-daerah-kesebelas-negeri-perak|title=Muallim the Eleventh District of Perak State|publisher=Office of the Director of Land and Mines Perak|date=11 January 2016|access-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016044637/https://ptg.perak.gov.my/ptgperak/index.php/en/280-arkib-buletin/448-11-januari-2016-muallim-daerah-kesebelas-negeri-perak|archive-date=16 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sultan Nazrin officiated at its formal creation on 11 January 2016.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/01/121608/muallim-now-peraks-11th-district|title=Muallim is now Perak's 11th district|author=M. Hamzah Jamaludin|newspaper=New Straits Times|date=11 January 2016|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref> On 9 January 2017, the sultan proclaimed [[Bagan Datuk District|Bagan Datuk]] the 12th district of the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prk.icu.gov.my/v3/index.php/ms/info-sdo/aktiviti-pppn/312-bagan-datuk-daerah-ke12|title=Pengisytiharan Rasmi Bagan Datuk Sebagai Daerah Baru|trans-title=Official Declaration of Bagan Datuk As a New District|language=ms|publisher=Federal Development Office of Perak State|date=9 January 2017|access-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016045248/http://www.prk.icu.gov.my/v3/index.php/en/sdo-info/activity-archive/312-bagan-datuk-daerah-ke12|archive-date=16 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The proclamation marked the start of transformation for the district, one of the biggest [[coconut]] producers in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/01/10/bagan-datuk-is-now-peraks-12th-district-zahid-rm13bil-allotted-for-its-development/|title=Bagan Datuk is now Perak's 12th district|work=The Star|date=10 January 2017|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/01/205952/transforming-bagan-datuk|title=Transforming Bagan Datuk|author=Nuradzimmah Daim|newspaper=New Straits Times|date=21 January 2017|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref>