Editing Oxycodone (section)

====κ-opioid receptor====
In 1997, a group of Australian researchers proposed (based on a study in rats) that oxycodone acts on KORs, unlike morphine, which acts upon MORs.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ross FB, Smith MT | title = The intrinsic antinociceptive effects of oxycodone appear to be kappa-opioid receptor mediated | journal = Pain | volume = 73 | issue = 2 | pages = 151–157 | date = November 1997 | pmid = 9415500 | doi = 10.1016/S0304-3959(97)00093-6 | s2cid = 53165907 }}</ref> Further research by this group indicated the drug appears to be a high-affinity κ<sub>2b</sub>-opioid receptor agonist.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith MT | title = Differences between and combinations of opioids re-visited | journal = Current Opinion in Anesthesiology | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 596–601 | date = October 2008 | pmid = 18784485 | doi = 10.1097/ACO.0b013e32830a4c4a | s2cid = 14293344 }}</ref> However, this conclusion has been disputed, primarily on the basis that oxycodone produces effects that are typical of MOR agonists.<ref name="pmid17961923">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kalso E | title = How different is oxycodone from morphine? | journal = Pain | volume = 132 | issue = 3 | pages = 227–228 | date = December 2007 | pmid = 17961923 | doi = 10.1016/j.pain.2007.09.027 | s2cid = 45689872 }}</ref> In 2006, research by a Japanese group suggested the effect of oxycodone is mediated by different receptors in different situations.<ref name="pmid16533506">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nozaki C, Saitoh A, Kamei J | title = Characterization of the antinociceptive effects of oxycodone in diabetic mice | journal = European Journal of Pharmacology | volume = 535 | issue = 1–3 | pages = 145–151 | date = March 2006 | pmid = 16533506 | doi = 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.02.002 }}</ref> Specifically in diabetic mice, the KOR appears to be involved in the antinociceptive effects of oxycodone, while in nondiabetic mice, the μ<sub>1</sub>-opioid receptor seems to be primarily responsible for these effects.<ref name="pmid16533506" /><ref name="pmid17292346">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nozaki C, Kamei J | title = Involvement of mu1-opioid receptor on oxycodone-induced antinociception in diabetic mice | journal = European Journal of Pharmacology | volume = 560 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 160–162 | date = April 2007 | pmid = 17292346 | doi = 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.01.021 }}</ref>