Editing Operant conditioning (section)

====Noncontingent reinforcement====
Noncontingent reinforcement is the delivery of reinforcing stimuli regardless of the organism's behavior. Noncontingent reinforcement may be used in an attempt to reduce an undesired target behavior by reinforcing multiple alternative responses while extinguishing the target response.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tucker|first1=M.|last2=Sigafoos|first2=J.|last3=Bushell|first3=H.|year=1998|title=Use of noncontingent reinforcement in the treatment of challenging behavior|journal=Behavior Modification|volume=22|issue=4|pages=529–547|doi=10.1177/01454455980224005|pmid=9755650|s2cid=21542125}}</ref> As no measured behavior is identified as being strengthened, there is controversy surrounding the use of the term noncontingent "reinforcement".<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Poling|first1=A.|last2=Normand|first2=M.|year=1999|title=Noncontingent reinforcement: an inappropriate description of time-based schedules that reduce behavior|journal=Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis|volume=32|issue=2|pages=237–238|doi=10.1901/jaba.1999.32-237|pmc=1284187}}</ref>