Editing Neva (section)

===Russian period===
{{main|History of Saint Petersburg}}
As a result of the [[Great Northern War]] of 1700–21, the valley of Neva River became part of [[Russian Empire]]. On 16 May 1703, the city of St. Petersburg was founded in the mouth of Neva and became capital of Russia in 1712.<ref name=hist1 /> Neva became the central part of the city. It was cleaned, intersected with canals and enclosed with embankments. In 1715, construction began of the first wooden embankment between the [[Admiralty building, Saint Petersburg|Admiralty building]] and the [[Summer Garden]]. In the early 1760s works started to cover it in [[granite]] and to build bridges across Neva and its canals and tributaries, such as the [[Hermitage Bridge]].<ref name=SPBe />

From 1727 to 1916, the temporary [[Isaakievsky Bridge|Isaakievsky pontoon bridge]] was early constructed between the modern [[Saint Isaac's Square]] and [[Vasilievsky Island]]. A similar, but much longer Trinity pontoon bridge, which spanned {{convert|500|m|ft}}, was brought from the Summer Garden to [[Petrogradsky Island]]. The first permanent bridge across Neva, [[Blagoveshchensky Bridge]], was opened in 1850, and the second, [[Liteyny Bridge]], came into operation in 1879.<ref name=SPBe/>

In 1858, a "Joint-stock company St. Petersburg water supply" was established, which built the first water supply network in the city. A two-stage water purification station was constructed in 1911. The development of the sewerage system began only in 1920, after the [[October Revolution]], and by 1941, the sewerage network was {{convert|1130|km|mi}} long.<ref name=SPBe/>

Every winter from 1895 to 1910, electric [[tram]]ways were laid on the ice of the river, connecting the [[Senate Square (Saint Petersburg)|Senate Square]], [[Vasilievsky island]], [[Palace Embankment]] and other parts of the city. The power was supplied through the rails and a top cable supported by wooden piles frozen into the ice. The service was highly successful and ran without major accidents except for a few failures in the top electrical wires. The trams ran at the speed of {{convert|20|km/h|mph}} and could carry 20 passengers per carriage. The carriages were converted from the used [[horsecar]]s. About 900,000 passengers were transported over a regular season between 20 January and 21 March. The sparking of contacts at the top wires amused spectators in the night.<ref>[http://www.opeterburge.ru/transport_521.html Трамвай в Санкт-Петербурге] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924061603/http://www.opeterburge.ru/transport_521.html |date=24 September 2015 }}. (Tram in St. Petersburg, in Russian). www.opeterburge.ru</ref><ref>[http://babs71.livejournal.com/210247.html Через Неву по льду] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727212805/http://babs71.livejournal.com/210247.html |date=27 July 2011 }}. (Over Neva on ice, in Russian). livejournal.com</ref><ref>[http://vppress.ru/stories/za-tri-kopeyki-cherez-nevu-6469 За три копейки через Неву] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901201015/http://vppress.ru/stories/za-tri-kopeyki-cherez-nevu-6469 |date=1 September 2011 }}. (For 3 kopeks over Neva, in Russian), ''Vechernii St. Petersburg'' (5 February 2010).</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JgO3AAAAIAAJ|title=From horsecar to tram: History of transport in St. Petersburg|editor=Shapilov, E.|language=ru|isbn=5-87417-002-2|year=1994|access-date=3 December 2021|archive-date=10 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410074000/https://books.google.com/books?id=JgO3AAAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
{| Class = "wikitable" style = "text-align: center"
|+
| style="width:25%;"|[[File:Makhayev, Kachalov - View of Neva Downstream between Winter Palace and Academy of Sciences 1753 (right).jpg|center|200px]]
| style="width:25%;"|[[File:Beggrov2.jpg|center|210px]]
| style="width:25%;"|[[File:Bogolyubov SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg|center|200px]]
| style="width:25%;"|[[File:Floods in Saint Petersburg 1900-e 011.jpg|center|220px]]
|-
|View down the Neva River between the [[Winter Palace]] and St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Engraving of 1753.
|[[Palace Embankment]] (1826)
|View on the [[Smolny Convent]] from Bolshaya Ohta (1851)
|[[Tram]]ways on the frozen Neva ([[commons:Category:Trams on ice in Saint Petersburg|more images]])
 |}