Editing Nagorno-Karabakh (section)

=== Blockade (2022–2023) ===
{{Main|Blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh}}

In December 2022, Azerbaijanis claiming to be environmental activists blocked the [[Lachin corridor]], the sole road connecting Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia and the outside world.<ref name="BBC2">{{Cite news |title=Азербайджанские "активисты" блокируют дорогу из Карабаха в Армению. Одновременно в Карабахе пропал газ |language=ru |trans-title=Azerbaijani "activists" are blocking the road from Karabakh to Armenia. At the same time, gas disappeared in Karabakh |work=BBC News Русская Служба |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/news-63975080 |access-date=13 September 2023 |archive-date=12 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412122434/https://www.bbc.com/russian/news-63975080 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 23 April 2023, Azerbaijani forces installed a checkpoint on the Lachin corridor.<ref name=":129">{{Cite web |last=Loe |first=Catherine |date=2023-04-27 |title=Azerbaijan sets up checkpoints on the Lachin corridor |url=https://www.eiu.com/n/azerbaijan-sets-up-checkpoints-on-the-lachin-corridor/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Economist Intelligence Unit |language=en-GB |quote=The move [installation of a checkpoint] has increased the blockade of Nagorny Karabakh...A checkpoint on the border would give Azerbaijan the ability to stop any cars travelling between Armenia and Nagorny Karabakh. |archive-date=2 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802113859/https://www.eiu.com/n/azerbaijan-sets-up-checkpoints-on-the-lachin-corridor/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The blockade led to a humanitarian crisis for the population in Artsakh and imports of essential goods were blocked, as well as humanitarian convoys of the Red Cross and the Russian peacekeepers, trapping the 120,000 residents of the region.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hauer |first=Neil |date=2023-07-31 |title=Karabakh blockade reaches critical point as food supplies run low |url=https://www.intellinews.com/karabakh-blockade-reaches-critical-point-as-food-supplies-run-low-286173/ |access-date=2023-08-01 |website=www.intellinews.com |language=en |quote=Occasional ICRC and Russian traffic continued to pass until June 15, at which point Azerbaijan halted all humanitarian deliveries. No food, medicine or fuel has entered Nagorno-Karabakh since. |archive-date=14 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814123838/https://www.intellinews.com/karabakh-blockade-reaches-critical-point-as-food-supplies-run-low-286173/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":62">{{Cite web |last=Gavin |first=Gabriel |date=Dec 19, 2022 |title=Supplies begin to run low as Nagorno-Karabakh blockade continues |url=https://eurasianet.org/supplies-begin-to-run-low-as-nagorno-karabakh-blockade-continues |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=eurasianet.org |language=en |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201151350/https://eurasianet.org/supplies-begin-to-run-low-as-nagorno-karabakh-blockade-continues |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":310">{{Cite web |last=Kitachayev |first=Bashir |date=16 December 2022 |title=Azerbaijani roadblock cuts tens of thousands off from food, fuel and medicine |url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/nagorno-karabakh-azerbaijan-armenia-roadblock/ |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=[[openDemocracy]] |archive-date=26 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226154334/https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/nagorno-karabakh-azerbaijan-armenia-roadblock/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":97">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-22 |title=New Troubles in Nagorno-Karabakh: Understanding the Lachin Corridor Crisis |url=https://www.crisisgroup.org/europe-central-asia/caucasus/nagorno-karabakh-conflict/new-troubles-nagorno-karabakh-understanding-lachin-corridor-crisis |access-date=2023-05-23 |website=www.crisisgroup.org |language=en |quote=While travellers were already few due to the blockade, the ICRC reports that its ability to get people across has been curtailed [since the installation of the checkpoint], leaving only the Russian peacekeepers to facilitate trips to Armenia for medical care. |archive-date=16 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816185256/https://www.crisisgroup.org/europe-central-asia/caucasus/nagorno-karabakh-conflict/new-troubles-nagorno-karabakh-understanding-lachin-corridor-crisis |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":134">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-31 |title=June Alerts and May Trends 2023 |url=https://www.crisisgroup.org/crisiswatch/june-alerts-and-may-trends-2023 |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=www.crisisgroup.org |language=en |quote=Checkpoint on Lachin corridor faced fierce opposition amid humanitarian crisis....Azerbaijani military consolidated [the] blockade, however, leading to even fewer crossings and reduced transportation of goods. |archive-date=22 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622120300/https://www.crisisgroup.org/crisiswatch/june-alerts-and-may-trends-2023 |url-status=live }}</ref> Limited traffic had been conducted by Russian peacekeepers and the [[International Committee of the Red Cross]] to transport patients in need of medical care and provide humanitarian supplies.<ref name="BlackoutsRationing">{{cite news |last=Shahverdyan |first=Lilit |date=12 January 2023 |title=Blackouts and food rationing as Karabakh blockade enters second month |language=en |work=Eurasianet |url=https://eurasianet.org/blackouts-and-food-rationing-as-karabakh-blockade-enters-second-month |access-date=17 January 2023 |quote=But the supplies are meager compared to the pre-blockade delivery of 12,000 tons of goods monthly, and barely meet the needs of the local population, which Armenian sources estimate at around 120,000. |archive-date=23 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423091733/https://eurasianet.org/blackouts-and-food-rationing-as-karabakh-blockade-enters-second-month |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":22">{{cite news |date=17 January 2023 |title=Nagorno-Karabakh reports gas cut for second time since start of blockade |work=OC Media |url=https://oc-media.org/nagorno-karabakh-reports-gas-cut-for-second-time-since-start-of-blockade/ |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316072358/https://oc-media.org/nagorno-karabakh-reports-gas-cut-for-second-time-since-start-of-blockade/ |url-status=live }}</ref> However, starting on 15 June 2023, Azerbaijan intensified the blockade, blocking all passage of food, fuel, and medicine from the Red Cross and the Russian peacekeepers through the Lachin corridor.<ref name=":175">{{Cite web |date=2023-06-20 |title=Nagorno-Karabakh again faces shortages as Azerbaijan closes Lachin Corridor |url=https://oc-media.org/nagorno-karabakh-again-faces-shortages-as-azerbaijan-closes-lachin-corridor/ |access-date=2023-07-14 |website=OC Media |language=en-US |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719153306/https://oc-media.org/nagorno-karabakh-again-faces-shortages-as-azerbaijan-closes-lachin-corridor/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":176">{{Cite web |title=Food shortages and fear as peacekeepers refused entry to Nagorno-Karabakh |url=https://oc-media.org/features/food-shortages-and-fear-as-peacekeepers-refused-entry-to-nagorno-karabakh/ |access-date=2023-07-14 |website=OC Media |date=7 July 2023 |language=en-US |archive-date=22 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722145151/https://oc-media.org/features/food-shortages-and-fear-as-peacekeepers-refused-entry-to-nagorno-karabakh/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":178">{{Cite web |date=2023-07-31 |title=Karabakh blockade reaches critical point as food supplies run low |url=https://www.intellinews.com/karabakh-blockade-reaches-critical-point-as-food-supplies-run-low-286173/ |access-date=2023-08-01 |website=www.intellinews.com |language=en |archive-date=14 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814123838/https://www.intellinews.com/karabakh-blockade-reaches-critical-point-as-food-supplies-run-low-286173/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 19 September, Azerbaijan [[2023 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes|launched a military operation]].