Editing Miami (section)

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Miami}}
{{Further|Cuban migration to Miami}}
{{US Census population
|1900=1681
|1910=5471
|1920=29571
|1930=110637
|1940=172172
|1950=249276
|1960=291688
|1970=334859
|1980=346865
|1990=358648
|2000=362470
|2010=399457
|2020=442241
|estimate=487014
|estyear=2024
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="Census">{{cite web |title=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/ |website=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=June 16, 2017 |archive-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218204847/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br>
1900–1970<ref name="HistoricalCensus1890to1970">{{cite web |title=Census Counts: 1890-2020 |url=http://edr.state.fl.us/Content/local-government/data/data-a-to-z/FLmunicipalcensus.xls |website=Florida Municipal Population Census Counts: 1890 to 2020 |publisher=Office of Economic and Demographic Research, The Florida Legislature |access-date=April 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404171529/http://edr.state.fl.us/Content/local-government/data/data-a-to-z/FLmunicipalcensus.xls |archive-date=April 4, 2022 |date=2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> 1980<ref name="1980Census1">{{cite web |title=General Population Characteristics FLORIDA 1980 Census of Population |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_flABCs1-02.pdf |website=07553445v1chA-Cpt11sec1ch002.pdf |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326101558/https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_flABCs1-02.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> 1990<ref name="1990Census1">{{cite web |title=1990 Census of Population General Population Characteristics Florida Section 1 of 2 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-1/cp-1-11-1.pdf |website=Florida: 1990, Part 1 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326024908/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-1/cp-1-11-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><br>2000<ref name="2000CensusPopulationByRace">{{cite web |title=PL002: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=PL002&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2000.PL002 |website=PL002 &#124; HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE [73] |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322014533/https://data.census.gov/table?q=PL002&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2000.PL002 |url-status=live }}</ref> 2010<ref name="2010CensusPopulationByRace">{{cite web |title=P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P2&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2 |website=P2 &#124; HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322014530/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P2&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2 |url-status=live }}</ref> 2020<ref name="2020CensusPopulationByRace" /> 2024<ref name="2024 Population Estimate" />
}}
Miami is the largest city in [[South Florida]], the second-largest city in [[Florida]], and is the anchor of the largest metropolitan area in Florida: the [[Miami metropolitan area]], which has over 6 million residents. Despite Miami being home to less than a fourteenth (1/14) of the population of the metro area, it is an outlier compared to its neighbors, being nearly twice the size of the next-largest city in the metro: [[Hialeah]]. Miami has approximately a sixth of the population of its own county, [[Miami-Dade County|Miami-Dade]], which is the state's largest.

Miami had rapid growth in the first half of the twentieth century. Its population grew from 1,681 in the [[1900 United States census|1900 census]] to 249,276 in the [[1950 United States census|1950 census]]. This made it Florida's largest city, a title it retained until the [[Jacksonville Consolidation]], when the city of Jacksonville absorbed most of [[Duval County, Florida|Duval County]], nearly tripling its population. Since then, Miami has retained its spot as Florida's second-largest city.

Throughout the latter half of the twentieth century, Miami experienced a certain amount of stagnation in its population, with expansion slowing during the 1950s and 1960s before nearly halting in the next three decades as suburbanization occurred. Miami grew by 34.3% in the 1950s and 1960s as its population reached 334,859 at the [[1970 United States census|1970 census]]. In the next three decades, it only grew 8.2%. By the time of the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]], Miami's population stood at 362,470.

In the 2000s and 2010s, spurred by high-rise construction in Downtown Miami, Edgewater, and Brickell, Miami's population began to grow quickly once more.<ref name="DowntownGrowth1">{{cite web |last1=Rodriguez |first1=Rene |title=More people than ever live in downtown Miami &#124; AP News |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7c12fb3ff54bbd898baf096bf92819 |website=More people than ever live in downtown Miami |publisher=AP News |access-date=March 22, 2023 |date=June 2, 2018 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191015/https://apnews.com/article/6d7c12fb3ff54bbd898baf096bf92819 |url-status=live }}</ref> An estimate by the American Community Survey found that the downtown population, from Brickell north to Midtown Miami, grew nearly 40% between 2010 and 2018.<ref name="DowntownGrowth2">{{cite web |title=Miami FL growth creates social & economic inequality &#124; Miami Herald |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/real-estate-news/article229029784.html |website=Priced out of paradise: Why locals can no longer afford to live in Miami |publisher=Miami Herald |access-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-date=July 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718114955/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/real-estate-news/article229029784.html |url-status=live }}</ref> From 2000 to 2010, Miami's population grew by 10.2% and reached 399,457 in 2010. In the early 2010s, Miami's population crossed a milestone of 400,000 people. In the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], it had grown by a further 10.7%, up to a population of 442,241.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;"
!Historical racial composition
!style="width: 5em;"|2020<ref name="2020CensusPopulationByRace" />
!style="width: 5em;"|2010<ref name="2010CensusPopulationByRace" />
!style="width: 5em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusPopulationByRace" />
!style="width: 5em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census1" />
!style="width: 5em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census1" />
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Non-Hispanic whites|White]] (Non-Hispanic)
|14.0%
|11.9%
|11.8%
|12.2%
|19.4%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|70.2%
|70.0%
|65.8%
|62.5%
|55.9%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[African American|Black or African American]] (Non-Hispanic)
|11.9%
|16.3%
|19.9%
|24.6%
|23.7%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Asian American|Asian]] (Non-Hispanic)
|1.3%
|0.9%
|0.6%
|0.5%
|rowspan="3"|1.0%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] (Non-Hispanic)
|0.1%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Other races (U.S. Census)|Some other race]] (Non-Hispanic)
|0.6%
|0.2%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Multiracial Americans|Two or more races]] (Non-Hispanic)
|2.0%
|0.7%
|1.7%
|N/A
|N/A
|-
!style="text-align:left"|Population
!style="text-align:right"|442,241
!style="text-align:right"|399,457
!style="text-align:right"|362,470
!style="text-align:right"|358,548
!style="text-align:right"|346,865
|}
{|class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;"
!Racial composition<br>before 1980<ref>{{cite web |title=Table 10. Florida - Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places; Earliest Census to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/FLtab.pdf |website=Table 10. Florida - Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places; Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828170235/https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/FLtab.pdf |archive-date=August 28, 2018 |date=July 13, 2005 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
!style="width: 4em;"|1970
!style="width: 4em;"|1960
!style="width: 4em;"|1950
!style="width: 4em;"|1940
!style="width: 4em;"|1930
!style="width: 4em;"|1920
!style="width: 4em;"|1910
|-
|align="left" |[[White Americans|White]] (including [[White Hispanic|Hispanic]]) 
|76.6% ||77.4% ||83.7% ||78.5% ||77.3% ||68.5%||58.7%
|-
|align="left" |[[African Americans|Black or African American]] (including [[Black Hispanic|Hispanic]])
|22.7% ||22.4% ||16.2% ||21.4% ||22.7% ||31.3%||41.3%
|-
| align="left" |[[Asian Americans|Asian]]  (including [[Asian Hispanic|Hispanic]])
|0.3%||0.1% ||0.1% ||0.1% ||< 0.1% ||0.1% ||0.1%
|-
|align="left" |[[Other races (U.S. Census)|Some other race]] (including [[Hispanic or Latino Americans|Hispanic]])
|0.4%||0.1% ||0.1% ||< 0.1% ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A
|-
|align="left" |[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] 
|45.3% ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A
|-
|align="left" |[[Non-Hispanic whites|Non-Hispanic White]] 
|32.9%||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A
|-
!align="left" |Population
!334,859 !!291,688 !!249,276 !!172,172 !!110,637 !!29,571 !!5,471
|}
In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45.3% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic White, and 22.7% Black.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Florida – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 |access-date=April 21, 2012 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, up until the 1960s. From 1970 to 2000, population growth in Miami was stagnant, as [[non-Hispanic White]] Miamians left and significant immigration from Latin America, particularly [[Cuba]], made up the balance.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Booth |first=William |date=November 11, 1998 |title=A White Migration North From Miami |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/meltingpot/melt1109.htm |access-date=August 3, 2021 |series=The Myth of the Melting Pot |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204224702/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/meltingpot/melt1109.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami Herald |url=https://account.miamiherald.com/paywall/registration?resume=118269088 |website=account.miamiherald.com |access-date=August 8, 2020 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204015414/https://account.miamiherald.com/paywall/registration?resume=118269088 |url-status=live }}</ref> Miami's Hispanic majority solidified itself in this period of time, and in 1985, Miami elected its first Cuban-born mayor, [[Xavier Suarez]].

The non-Hispanic Black population of the city of Miami peaked in 1990 at almost 90,000, making up nearly a quarter of the population of Miami. Since then, Miami's non-Hispanic Black population has experienced a precipitous and steady decline. In the 2020 census, it was 52,447, only 11.7% of the population. Reasons for this include high costs in areas such as [[Liberty City, Miami|Liberty City]] and [[Little Haiti]], compounded with [[gentrification]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dieujuste |first1=Kevin |title=Little Haiti and Liberty City residents raise concerns about gentrification |url=https://sfmn.fiu.edu/little-haiti-and-liberty-city-residents-raise-concerns-about-gentrification/ |website=Caplin News |publisher=FIU |access-date=March 22, 2023 |date=June 30, 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191019/https://sfmn.fiu.edu/little-haiti-and-liberty-city-residents-raise-concerns-about-gentrification/ |archive-date= March 22, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=What's really driving 'climate gentrification' in Miami? It isn't fear of sea-level rise |url=https://theconversation.com/whats-really-driving-climate-gentrification-in-miami-it-isnt-fear-of-sea-level-rise-191737 |first1=Richard |last1=Grant |first2=Han |last2=Li |publisher=The Conversation |access-date=March 22, 2023 |date=December 6, 2022 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191015/https://theconversation.com/whats-really-driving-climate-gentrification-in-miami-it-isnt-fear-of-sea-level-rise-191737 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The non-Hispanic White population began to rebound in the twenty-first century, as the monolithically Hispanic areas in the Western and Central parts of Miami experienced population stagnation. This caused them to begin to be outweighed by migration into the Downtown region, from Latin America and the rest of the United States. This caused the non-Hispanic White population to rise from a nadir of 11.8% at the time of the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]] to 11.9% at the time of the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]]. After this, the non-Hispanic White population grew significantly faster than Miami as a whole did during the 2010s. In the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], non-Hispanic Whites were 14.0% of the population of Miami and numbered 61,829, the highest number since the 1980s. The non-Hispanic White population of Miami surpassed the non-Hispanic Black population of Miami in the 2010s.
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;"
!style="width: 20em;"|Demographic characteristics
!style="width: 7em;"|2020<ref name="2020CensusHouseholds">{{cite web |title=H1 &#124; occupancy status |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=H1&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.H1 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191033/https://data.census.gov/table?q=H1&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.H1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2020CensusSexByAge">{{cite web |title=P12 &#124; sex by age for selected age categories |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P12&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALDHC2020.P12 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527172834/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P12&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALDHC2020.P12 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2020CensusMedianAge">{{cite web |title=P13 &#124; median age by sex |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P13&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALDHC2020.P13 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527172832/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P13&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALDHC2020.P13 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!style="width: 7em;"|2010<ref name="2010CensusHouseholds">{{cite web |title=H1 &#124; occupancy status |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=H1&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.H1 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191028/https://data.census.gov/table?q=H1&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.H1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2010CensusSexByAge">{{cite web |title=P12 &#124; sex by age |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P12&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P12 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191038/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P12&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P12 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2010CensusMedianAge">{{cite web |title=P13 &#124; median age by sex |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P13&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P13 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191036/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P13&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P13 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!style="width: 7em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusHouseholds">{{cite web |title=H003 &#124; occupancy status [3] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=H003&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.H003 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191024/https://data.census.gov/table?q=H003&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.H003 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2000CensusSexByAge">{{cite web |title=P012 &#124; sex by age [49] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P012&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P012 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191015/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P012&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P012 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2000CensusMedianAge">{{cite web |title=P013 &#124; median age by sex [3] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P013&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P013 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191020/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P013&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!style="width: 7em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census1" />
!style="width: 7em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census1" />
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Households
|212,146
|183,994
|148,388
|130,252
|134,046
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Persons per household
|2.08
|2.17
|2.44
|2.69
|2.59
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Sex Ratio|Sex ratio measured in number of males per 100 females}}
|97.8
|99.2
|98.9
|93.5
|88.0
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Ages 0–17
|16.5%
|18.4%
|21.7%
|23.0%
|21.4%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Ages 18–64
|69.0%
|65.6%
|61.3%
|60.4%
|61.6%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Ages 65 +
|14.5%
|16.0%
|17.0%
|16.6%
|17.0%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Median age
|39.7
|38.8
|37.7
|35.9
|38.2
|-
!style="text-align:left"|Population
!style="text-align:right"|442,241
!style="text-align:right"|399,457
!style="text-align:right"|362,470
!style="text-align:right"|358,548
!style="text-align:right"|346,865
|}
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right"
!colspan="4"|Economic indicators
|-
!style="width: 14em;"|2017–21 [[American Community Survey]]
!style="width: 7em;"|Miami
!style="width: 7em;"|Miami-Dade County
!style="width: 7em;"|Florida
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Median income|Median income in 2021 inflation-adjusted dollars}}<ref name="ACSPersonalIncome">{{cite web |title=S2001: earnings in the past 12 months (in 2021 inflation-adjusted dollars) |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S2001&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S2001 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191040/https://data.census.gov/table?q=S2001&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S2001 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|$31,472
|$32,513
|$34,367
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Median household income|Median household income in 2021 inflation-adjusted dollars}}<ref name="ACSHouseholdIncome">{{cite web |title=S1901: income in the past 12 months (in 2021 inflation-adjusted dollars) |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1901&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1901 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191022/https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1901&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1901 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|$47,860
|$57,815
|$61,777
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Poverty Rate<ref name="ACSPoverty">{{cite web |title=S1701: poverty status in the past 12 months |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1701&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1701 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191032/https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1701&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1701 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|20.9%
|15.7%
|13.1%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|High school diploma|Percentage of the population aged 25+ with a high school diploma or higher}}<ref name="ACSEducationalAttainment">{{cite web |title=S1501: educational attainment |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1501&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1501 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191018/https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1501&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1501 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|79.2%
|82.5%
|89.0%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Bachelor's degree|Percentage of the population aged 25+ with a bachelor's degree or higher}}<ref name="ACSEducationalAttainment" />
|33.1%
|31.7%
|31.5%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Advanced degree|Percentage of the population aged 25+ with an advanced degree}}<ref name="ACSEducationalAttainment" />
|13.2%
|11.9%
|11.7%
|}
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;"
!style="width: 20em;"|Language spoken at home{{efn|name=languages|Language spoken at home among residents at least five years old; only languages (or language groups) which at least 2% of residents have spoken at any time since 1980 are mentioned}}
!style="width: 5em;"|2015{{efn|name=ACS2015Language|Refers to 2013–2017 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2015Language">{{cite web |title=C16001: language spoken at home for the population 5 years and over |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=C16001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.C16001&moe=true |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191035/https://data.census.gov/table?q=C16001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.C16001&moe=true |url-status=live }}</ref> the last Decennial Census where language data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}}
!style="width: 5em;"|2010{{efn|name=ACS2010Language|Refers to 2008–2012 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2010Language">{{cite web |title=B16001: Language spoken at home by ability to speak English for the population 5 years and over |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B16001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B16001&moe=true |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191023/https://data.census.gov/table?q=B16001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B16001&moe=true |url-status=live }}</ref> the last Decennial Census where language data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}}
!style="width: 5em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusLanguage">{{cite web |title=PCT010: AGE BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=PCT010&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.PCT010 |website=PCT010 &#124; AGE BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME FOR THE POPULATION 5 YEARS AND OVER [83] |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191037/https://data.census.gov/table?q=PCT010&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.PCT010 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!style="width: 5em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census2">{{cite web |title=1990 Census of Population General Social and Economic Characteristics Florida Section 1 of 3 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-2/cp-2-11-1.pdf |website=Florida: 1990, Part 1 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321171115/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-2/cp-2-11-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
!style="width: 5em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census2">{{cite web |title=General Social and Economic Characteristics FLORIDA 1980 Census of Population |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_flABCs1-09.pdf |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191015/https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_flABCs1-09.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[English language|English]]
|23.0%
|22.6%
|24.7%
|26.7%
|36.0%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Spanish language|Spanish]] or [[Spanish Creole]]
|70.0%
|69.9%
|66.6%
|64.0%
|57.5%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[French language|French]] or [[Haitian Creole]]
|4.5%
|4.9%
|6.0%
|7.7%
|2.6%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|Other Languages
|2.5%
|2.6%
|2.7%
|1.6%
|3.9%
|}
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;"
!style="width: 20em;"|Nativity
!style="width: 5em;"|2015{{efn|name=ACS2015Nativity|Refers to 2013–2017 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2015ForeignBorn1">{{cite web |title=B05001: NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.B05001&moe=true |website=B05001 &#124; NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP STATUS IN THE UNITED STATES |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191031/https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.B05001&moe=true |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ACS2015ForeignBorn">{{cite web |title=B05006: PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05006&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.B05006&moe=true |website=B05006 &#124; PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191030/https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05006&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.B05006&moe=true |url-status=live }}</ref> the last Decennial Census where foreign-born population data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}}
!style="width: 5em;"|2010{{efn|name=ACS2010Nativity|Refers to 2008–2012 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2010Nativity">{{cite web |title=B05001: NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B05001&moe=true |website=B05001 &#124; NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP STATUS IN THE UNITED STATES |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191026/https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B05001&moe=true |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ACS2010ForeignBorn">{{cite web |title=B05006: Place of birth for the foreign-born population in the United States |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05006&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B05006&moe=true |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191017/https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05006&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B05006&moe=true |url-status=live }}</ref> the last Decennial Census where foreign-born population data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}}
!style="width: 5em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusNativity">{{cite web |title=P021: place of birth by citizenship status [15] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P021&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.P021 |access-date=March 21, 2023 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191019/https://data.census.gov/table?q=P021&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.P021 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="2000CensusForeignBorn">{{cite web |title=PCT019: place of birth for the foreign-born population [126] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=PCT019&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.PCT019 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322191027/https://data.census.gov/table?q=PCT019&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.PCT019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!style="width: 5em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census3">{{cite web |title=1990 Census of Population General Social and Economic Characteristics Florida Section 2 of 3 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-2/cp-2-11-2.pdf |website=Florida: 1990, Part 2 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321184940/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-2/cp-2-11-2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="1990Census2" />
!style="width: 5em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census2" />
|-
|style="text-align:left"|'''% population [[Natural-born-citizen clause (United States)|native-born]]'''
|'''42.0%'''
|'''41.9%'''
|'''40.5%'''
|'''40.3%'''
|'''46.3%'''
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in the [[United States]]
|39.3%
|39.3%
|37.9%
|37.3%
|43.4%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Puerto Rico]] or [[Territories of the United States|Island Areas]]
|1.8%
|1.7%
|1.9%
|2.2%
|rowspan="2"|2.9%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born to [[Jus sanguinis|American parents abroad]]
|0.9%
|0.9%
|0.6%
|0.7%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|'''% population [[Immigration to the United States|foreign-born]]{{efn|name=foreignborn|Only countries of birth which at least 1% of residents were born in at any time since 1980 are mentioned}}'''
|'''58.0%'''
|'''58.1%'''
|'''59.5%'''
|'''59.7%'''
|'''53.7%'''
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Cuba]]
|27.6%
|27.5%
|30.3%
|32.1%
|35.9%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Nicaragua]]
|5.4%
|5.7%
|7.2%
|7.3%
|N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately|Not counted separately; aggregated into "Other" category}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Honduras]]
|5.0%
|5.4%
|4.5%
|1.9%
|N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Haiti]]
|2.8%
|3.2%
|3.9%
|5.0%
|N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Colombia]]
|2.8%
|2.4%
|1.9%
|1.2%
|N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Venezuela]]
|1.8%
|1.4%
|0.6%
|0.4%
|N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in the [[Dominican Republic]]
|1.7%
|1.9%
|2.0%
|1.2%
|0.6%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Peru]]
|1.1%
|1.0%
|0.9%
|0.6%
|N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Argentina]]
|1.0%
|1.1%
|0.6%
|0.2%
|N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Mexico]]
|0.9%
|1.1%
|0.6%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|-
|style="text-align:left"|... born in other countries
|7.9%
|7.4%
|7.0%
|9.4%
|17.1%
|}
In 2010, 34.4% of city residents were of [[Cuban people|Cuban]] origin, 15.8% had a [[Central American]] background (7.2% [[Nicaraguan people|Nicaraguan]], 5.8% [[Honduran people|Honduran]], 1.2% [[Salvadoran people|Salvadoran]], and 1.0% [[Guatemalan people|Guatemalan]]), 8.7% were of [[South America]]n descent (3.2% Colombian, 1.4% [[Venezuelan people|Venezuelan]], 1.2% [[Peruvian people|Peruvian]], 1.2% [[Argentine people|Argentine]], 1.0% [[Chilean people|Chilean]] and 0.7% [[Ecuadorian people|Ecuadorian]]), 4.0% had [[Hispanic people|other Hispanic or Latino]] origins (0.5% [[Spaniard]]), 3.2% descended from [[Puerto Rican people|Puerto Ricans]], 2.4% were [[Dominicans|Dominican]], and 1.5% had Mexican ancestry.

In 2010, 5.6% of city residents were [[West Indian]] or [[Afro-Caribbean American]] origin (4.4% [[Haitian people|Haitian]], 0.4% [[Jamaican people|Jamaican]], 0.4% [[Bahamian people|Bahamian]], 0.1% [[British West Indian]], and 0.1% [[Trinidadian and Tobagonian]], 0.1% [[Afro-Caribbean|Other or Unspecified West Indian]]),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami, Florida FIRST ANCESTRY REPORTED Universe: Total population – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/ |access-date=October 29, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218204847/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> 3.0% were [[Black Hispanic]]s,<ref name="HiLaMi">{{Cite web |title=Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin: 2010 – 2010 Census Summary File 1 |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212214535/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP10 |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |access-date=August 18, 2014 |website=American FactFinder |publisher=US Census Bureau}}</ref> and 0.4% were [[Sub-Saharan African|Subsaharan African]] origin.<ref name="MIAMIdemo">{{Cite web |title=Miami, Florida Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 – 2010 Demographic Profile Data |url=https://www.census.gov/ |access-date=October 25, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218204847/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="MIApop">{{Cite web |title=Miami, Florida: SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/ |access-date=October 25, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218204847/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2010, those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry were 11.9% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 1.7% were German, 1.6% Italian, 1.4% Irish, 1.0% English, 0.8% French, 0.6% Russian, and 0.5% were Polish.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIApop/>

In 2010, those of Asian ancestry were 1.0% of Miami's population. Of the city's total population, 0.3% were [[Indian Americans|Indian]]/[[Indo-Caribbean American|Indo-Caribbean]] (1,206 people), 0.3% Chinese/[[Chinese Caribbeans|Chinese Caribbean]] (1,804 people), 0.2% [[Filipino people|Filipino]] (647 people), 0.1% were other Asian (433 people), 0.1% Japanese (245 people), 0.1% Korean (213 people), and 0.0% were [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]] (125 people).<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>

In 2010, 1.9% of the population considered themselves to be of only American ancestry (regardless of race or ethnicity),<ref name=MIAMIdemo/><ref name=MIApop/> while 0.5% were of Arab ancestry, in 2010.<ref name=MIAMIdemo/>

{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in the Miami Metro Area (2014)<ref name="Religion">{{Cite web |title=Adults in the Miami metro area |url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/miami-metro-area/ |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |access-date=May 24, 2020 |archive-date=June 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622010156/https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/miami-metro-area/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| label1 = [[Protestantism]]
| value1 = 39
| color1 = DodgerBlue
| label2 = [[Catholicism]]
| value2 = 27
| color2 = #d4213d
| label3 = [[Mormonism]]
| value3 = 0.5
| color3 = DarkTurquoise
| label4 = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
| value4 = 0.5
| color4 = Purple
| label5 = [[Jehovah's Witnesses]]
| value5 = 1
| color5 = Aquamarine
| label6 = Other Christian	
| value6 = 1
| color6 = Pink
| label7 = [[Irreligious|No religion]]
| value7 = 21
| color7 = Honeydew
| label8 = Judaism
| value8 = 9
| color8 = Blue
| label9 = Other religion
| value9 = 1
| color9 = Chartreuse
}}

[[File:Cathedral of Saint Mary - Miami 08.jpg|thumbnail|right|[[Cathedral of Saint Mary (Miami)|Cathedral of Saint Mary]], the seat of the [[archbishop]] of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Miami]].]]

In a 2014 [[Pew Research Center]] study, Christianity was the most-practiced religion in Miami (68%), with 39% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered [[Protestant]], and 27% professing [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles |url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ |website=Pew Research Center |date=July 29, 2015 |access-date=August 28, 2015 |archive-date=March 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308152313/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2015 |title=America's Changing Religious Landscape |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life |access-date=July 30, 2015 |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226054944/http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Followed by Judaism (9%); [[Islam]], [[Buddhism]], [[Hinduism]], and a variety of other religions have smaller followings; [[atheism]] or no self-identifying organized religious affiliation was practiced by 21%.

There has been a [[Norwegian Church Abroad|Norwegian Seamen's church]] in Miami since the early 1980s. In November 2011, [[Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway|Crown Princess of Norway Mette-Marit]] opened a new building for the church. The church was built as a center for the 10,000 Scandinavians that live in Florida. Around 4,000 of them are [[Norwegians|Norwegian]]. The church is also an important place for the 150 Norwegians that work at [[Walt Disney World]] in Central Florida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Crown Princess Opens Seamen's Church in Miami |url=http://www.norwaypost.no/index.php/news/latest-news/26012-crown-princess-opens-seamens-church-in-miami-26012 |access-date=August 3, 2013 |website=Norwaypost.nodate=November 21, 2011 |archive-date=March 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304212408/http://www.norwaypost.no/index.php/news/latest-news/26012-crown-princess-opens-seamens-church-in-miami-26012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In a 2022 [[Point-In-Time Count|Point-In-Time]] Homeless Count, there were 3,440 [[Homelessness|homeless]] people in Miami-Dade County,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Homeless Trust Census Results & Comparison: January 21, 2021 to January 27, 2022 |url=https://www.miamidade.gov/resources-homeless/library/january-pit-census-2022.pdf |access-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311023022/https://www.miamidade.gov/resources-homeless/library/january-pit-census-2022.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> 970 of which were on the streets. In the city limits of Miami, there were 591 unsheltered homeless people on the streets, up from 555 in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami Rescue Mission: Many Families A Paycheck Away From Being Homeless |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/homelessness-miami-rescue-mission/ |access-date=March 11, 2023 |website=www.cbsnews.com |date=April 22, 2022 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311023017/https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/homelessness-miami-rescue-mission/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to [[National Immigration Forum]], the top countries of origin for Miami's immigrants are Latin America (86%): Cuba (741,666), Haiti (213,000), Colombia (166,338), Jamaica (144,445); Europe (6.1%): United Kingdom (23,334), Germany (15,611), Italy (14,240) and Asia (5.2%): India (23,602), China (21,580) and the Philippines (15,078).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://immigrationforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Immigration-2020-Miami.pdf|title=MIAMI: AN IMMIGRATION SNAPSHOT1|publisher=[[National Immigration Forum]]|access-date=February 2, 2024|archive-date=February 2, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202044938/https://immigrationforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Immigration-2020-Miami.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>